Mafuta fyuluta chipangizo

injini iliyonse kuyaka mkati kumaphatikizapo zigawo zambiri zachitsulo zomwe nthawi zonse komanso mwachangu zimalumikizana wina ndi mnzake. Aliyense akudziwa bwino kuti makina osapangidwa ndi mafuta sangagwire ntchito bwino ndipo sakhalitsa. Ziwalo zokangana zimatha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti tinthu tating'onoting'ono timene titseke mipata pakati pa zigawozo ndikupanga ntchito yamakaniko kukhala yovuta kwambiri. Zonsezi zimatsagana ndi kutulutsidwa kwa kutentha kwakukulu, komwe kungayambitse kutentha kwa injini yoyaka mkati ndikuyimitsa.

Kupaka mafuta kumathandiza kuchepetsa zotsatira zoipa za kukangana. Mafuta ozungulira mu dongosolo lopaka mafuta amachotsa zitsulo zachitsulo zomwe zimapangidwira chifukwa cha kukangana, komanso zinyalala zazing'ono kuchokera ku injini yoyaka mkati. Kuphatikiza apo, kufalikira kwa mafuta kumathandizira kuzirala kuti athe kupirira kutentha kwa injini yoyaka mkati, ndikuchotsa pang'ono kutentha. Ndikoyeneranso kukumbukira kuti filimu yamafuta pazitsulo imateteza ku dzimbiri.

Vuto lokhalo ndilokuti zitsulo zachitsulo ndi zonyansa zina zamakina sizimachoka ku dongosolo lotsekedwa ndipo zimatha kubwereranso ku injini yoyaka mkati. Kuti izi zisachitike, fyuluta yapadera yoyeretsera imaphatikizidwa mu gawo lozungulira. Pali mitundu ingapo ya zosefera zamafuta, koma zida zokhala ndi makina osefa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.

Mapangidwe a fyuluta amatha kukhala osapatukana kapena kugwa. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mawonekedwe amkati alibe kusiyana kwakukulu.

Chinthu chosalekanitsidwa chotayika chimangosinthidwa pamene mafuta atsopano amatsanuliridwa mu dongosolo lopaka mafuta.

Mapangidwe ogonja amakupatsani mwayi wosintha chinthu chimodzi chokha.

Nthawi zambiri, fyuluta yamafuta imakhala yodzaza, ndiye kuti, voliyumu yonse yamafuta omwe amapopedwa ndi mpope amadutsamo.

M'masiku akale, zosefera zamagulu zidagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, momwe gawo lamafuta limadutsa - nthawi zambiri pafupifupi 10%. Chipangizo choterocho chikhoza kukhala chokhacho m'dongosolo, kapena chitha kugwira ntchito mofanana ndi fyuluta yowawa. Tsopano ndizosowa, zotsukira komanso zowonjezera zowonjezera m'magulu amakono amafuta a ICE zimapangitsa kuti zitheke ndi njira imodzi yokha yodzaza.

Mlingo wa kuyeretsedwa kwa mafuta umadziwika ndi parameter ngati fineness ya kusefera. M'zochita, nthawi zambiri amatanthauza kusefera mwadzina, ndiko kuti, kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tosefa ndi 95%. Mtheradi kusefera fineness zikutanthauza 100% kusunga particles za kukula kwake. Zosefera zamakono zambiri zimakhala ndi kusefera mwadzina kwa 25…35 microns. Izi, monga lamulo, ndizokwanira, chifukwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tilibe vuto lalikulu pa injini yoyaka moto.

Nyumba ya fyuluta ndi kapu yachitsulo ya cylindrical yokhala ndi chivundikiro chapansi, chomwe chimawotchedwa kapena chokulungidwa m'mapangidwe osalekanitsidwa. Malo olowera amayikidwa pambali pa radius pachivundikirocho, ndipo chotulukira chokhala ndi ulusi wokwera chimakhala chapakati. Rubber o-ring imalepheretsa kutulutsa kwamafuta.

Popeza pakugwira ntchito, kupanikizika kumatha kufika kumlengalenga wopitilira 10, zofunikira zazikulu zimayikidwa pamphamvu ya mlanduwo; nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi chitsulo.

Mkati mwa nyumbayo muli zinthu zosefera zopangidwa ndi porous, zomwe zimatha kukhala mapepala kapena makatoni amagulu apadera okhala ndi impregnation yapadera, yomveka komanso ma synthetics osiyanasiyana. Zosefera zamalata zimakhala ndi zolongedza ndipo zimayikidwa mozungulira ndi manja oteteza. Kapangidwe kameneka kamakulolani kuti mupange malo aakulu osefera mu galasi laling'ono la galasi. Ndipo chitsulo choteteza chitsulo chimapereka mphamvu zowonjezera ndipo sichilola fyuluta kugwa pansi pa madontho amphamvu.

Chigawo chofunikira cha fyuluta ndi valavu yodutsa (kusefukira) yokhala ndi kasupe. Kuthamanga kukadutsa malire ena, valavu yodutsa imatsegulidwa kuti mafuta alowe m'dongosolo. Izi zitha kuchitika ngati fyulutayo yaipitsidwa kwambiri kapena kukhuthala kwamafuta kumakhala kwakukulu, mwachitsanzo, poyambitsa injini yoyaka mkati mu nyengo yachisanu. Mafuta osayeretsedwa a injini zoyatsira mkati ndi zoipa kwambiri kuposa ngakhale njala yanthawi yochepa ya mafuta.

Valavu yotsutsa-drain (check) imalepheretsa mafuta kutuluka mu fyuluta injini ikasiya. Chifukwa chake, mafuta amasiyidwa nthawi zonse m'dongosolo, lomwe limaperekedwa nthawi yomweyo ku injini yoyaka mkati ikayambiranso. Valve yowunikira kwenikweni ndi mphete ya mphira yomwe imatseka mwamphamvu zolowetsa pamene sizikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndikutsegula pansi pa kupanikizika pamene pampu ya mafuta ikuyamba.

Mapangidwewo amaphatikizanso valavu yotsutsa-drain yomwe imalepheretsa mafuta kutuluka munyumba ya fyuluta pakusintha kwa fyuluta.

Palinso mitundu ina ya chipangizochi yomwe imasiyana ndi momwe amayeretsera.

Zosefera maginito - nthawi zambiri zimayikidwa mu poto yamafuta ndikusonkhanitsa tchipisi tachitsulo pogwiritsa ntchito maginito okhazikika kapena maginito amagetsi. Nthawi ndi nthawi, muyenera kumasula pulagi ya maginito ndikuyiyeretsa.

Fyuluta-sump - apa dothi limangokhazikika pansi pa sump pansi pa mphamvu yokoka, kotero fyulutayi imatchedwanso mphamvu yokoka. Apa, kukonza kumachepetsedwa mpaka kumasula pulagi ndi kukhetsa mafuta ena owonongeka. M'magalimoto, zosefera zotere sizimagwiritsidwanso ntchito, chifukwa pafupifupi palibe matope amtundu wamakono wamafuta a ICE.

Centrifugal cleaner (centrifuge) - chipangizo choterocho nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ICE zamagalimoto ndi magalimoto, ngakhale nthawi zina zimapezekanso m'magalimoto. M'menemo, tinthu tating'onoting'ono tonyansa timene timagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya centrifugal yomwe imachitika pozungulira rotor imawulukira ku makoma a centrifuge ndikukhala pa iwo ngati mawonekedwe a utomoni. Mafuta amadyetsedwa mu rotor kudzera munjira mumzere wake mopanikizika ndikutuluka mwachangu kudzera mu nozzles, kulowa mu sump yamafuta. Ma jets opaka mafuta amakhala ndi zonyansa pa rotor, chifukwa chake imazungulira.

Nthawi yovomerezeka yosinthira fyuluta yamafuta imatha kusiyana kutengera mtundu wagalimoto, koma, monga lamulo, ndi 10 ... 20 makilomita zikwizikwi pamafuta amafuta a ICE, pama injini dizilo - 1,5 ... 2 nthawi zambiri. Ndikosavuta komanso kothandiza kuchita izi nthawi imodzi ndikusintha komwe mwakonzekera.

Ngati galimotoyo ikugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ovuta - kutentha, fumbi, mapiri, kukwera kwa magalimoto pafupipafupi - ndiye kuti nthawi yosinthira mafuta ndi fyuluta yamafuta iyenera kukhala yayifupi.

zingasiyane ndi voliyumu (kuthekera), digiri ya kuyeretsedwa (fineness fyuluta), kutsegula kuthamanga kwa valve yodutsa, komanso miyeso ya thupi ndi ulusi wamkati. magawo awa okhudzana ndi kupanikizika mu dongosolo kondomu, mtundu, mphamvu ndi mbali zosiyanasiyana mapangidwe injini kuyaka mkati. Palinso zosefera popanda valavu yodutsa, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati valavu yotereyi ilipo mu injini yokha.

Zonsezi ziyenera kuganiziridwa posankha kusintha m'malo mwa chinthu chomwe chinagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kugwiritsa ntchito fyuluta yosayenera kumatha kubweretsa zotsatira zoyipa za injini yoyaka mkati. Ndizomveka kukhazikitsa zosefera zomwe automaker imalimbikitsa.

Kusintha mafuta fyuluta, monga lamulo, sikovuta - kumangoponyedwa pazitsulo zopangira ulusi, zomwe ziyenera kutsukidwa musanayike. Koma kuti mupange mphamvu zokwanira, mfungulo yapadera imafunika.

Ngati chotchinga cha mpweya chapanga mu dongosolo lopaka mafuta, kupanikizika mkati mwake sikukhala kokwanira, kotero mpweya uyenera kutayidwa. Ndikosavuta kuchita izi - mutapereka fyulutayo pang'ono, tembenuzirani crankshaft ndi choyambira mpaka mafuta ayamba kutsika, kenako limbitsaninso fyulutayo.