Kapangidwe ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka kuyimitsidwa kozungulira

Kuyimitsidwa modalira kumasiyana ndi mitundu ina ya kuyimitsidwa chifukwa chokhala ndi mtanda wolimba wolumikiza mawilo amanja ndi amanzere, kuti kuyenda kwa gudumu limodzi kusamutsidwe ku linzake. Kuyimitsidwa modalira kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pomwe pakufunika kupanga kapangidwe kake kosavuta komanso kosamalira mtengo wotsika (magalimoto otsika mtengo), mphamvu ndi kudalirika (magalimoto), chilolezo chokhazikika pansi ndi maulendo oyimitsidwa kwakanthawi (ma SUV). Tiyeni tione ubwino ndi zovuta za kuyimitsidwa kotereku.

Momwe ntchito

Kuyimitsidwa modalira ndi cholumikizira chimodzi cholimba chomwe chimalumikiza mawilo akumanja ndi kumanzere. Kugwiritsa ntchito kuyimitsidwa koteroko kumakhala ndi mtundu wina: ngati gudumu lakumanzere ligwera mu dzenje (motsika limatsika), gudumu lakumanja limadzuka komanso mosemphanitsa. Nthawi zambiri, mtengowo umalumikizidwa ndi thupi lamagalimoto pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu ziwiri zotanuka (akasupe). Izi ndizosavuta, komabe zimapereka kulumikizana kotetezeka. Mbali imodzi ya galimoto ikagunda, galimoto yonse imapendekeka. M'kati mwa kuyendetsa galimoto, kugwedezeka ndi kugwedezeka kumamveka mwamphamvu m'chipindacho, popeza kuyimitsidwa koteroko kumakhala pamtengo wolimba.

Zosiyanasiyana za kuyimitsidwa koyenera

Kuyimitsidwa kokhazikika ndi kwamitundu iwiri: kuyimitsidwa ndi akasupe azitali ndi kuyimitsidwa ndi oongolera.

Kuyimitsidwa pa akasupe azitali

Galimotoyo imakhala ndi mtanda wolimba (mlatho) womwe umayimitsidwa pazitsime ziwiri zazitali. Masika ndi chinthu choyimitsidwa chomwe chimakhala ndi ma sheet achitsulo. Chitsulo chogwira matayala ndi akasupe olumikiza ntchito clamps wapadera. Pakayimidwe kotere, kasupe amathandizanso ngati chida chowongolera, ndiye kuti chimapereka kuyendetsa kogwirizana kogwirizana ndi thupi. Ngakhale kuti kuyimitsidwa kwamasamba odalira kwa nthawi yayitali kwadziwika kwa nthawi yayitali, sikunataye kufunika kwake ndipo kumagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pagalimoto zamakono mpaka lero.

Kuyimitsidwa ndikutsata mikono

Kuyimitsidwa modalira kwamtunduwu kumaphatikizaponso ma diagonal anayi kapena atatu kapena anayi kotenga ndodo (levers) ndi ndodo imodzi yopingasa, yotchedwa "Panhard rod". Poterepa, cholembera chilichonse chimaphatikizidwa ndi thupi lagalimoto komanso mtengo wolimba. Zinthu zothandizirazi zimapangidwa kuti zithandizire kuyenda mozungulira komanso kotenga nthawi yayitali. Palinso damping chipangizo (mantha absorber) ndi zinthu zotanuka, udindo wa mtundu uwu wa kuyimitsidwa yozungulira ndi akasupe. Kuyimitsidwa ndi zida zowongolera kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magalimoto amakono.

Kuyimitsa bwino

Tiyeneranso kutchula kuyimitsidwa koyenera - mtundu wa kuyimitsidwa kodalira komwe kulumikizana ndi kotenga pakati pa mawilo. Mmenemo, mawilo mbali imodzi ya galimoto amalumikizidwa ndi ndodo zazitali zazitali komanso kasupe wamasamba ambiri. Zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kusakhazikika pamisewu pakuimitsidwa kwa balancer zimachepetsedwa osati kokha ndi zinthu zotanuka (akasupe), komanso ndi zotchingira balancers. Kugawikanso katundu kumathandizira kuyendetsa bwino galimoto.

Zinthu zoyimitsidwa modalira masika

Zazikuluzikulu za kuyimitsidwa kwamasamba ndi:

• Chitsulo chamatabwa (mlatho). Awa ndi maziko a kapangidwe kake, ndi chitsulo cholimba chachitsulo chomwe chimalumikiza matayala awiri.
• Akasupe. Masika aliwonse amakhala ndi zazitsulo zazitali zazitali mosiyanasiyana. Mapepala onse amalumikizidwa. Akasupe amalumikizidwa ndi chitsulo chogwiritsira ntchito poyimitsa podalira. Chigawochi chimakhala chitsogozo komanso chotanuka, komanso chida chowotchera (chosakanizira chowopsa) chifukwa cha mkangano wapakati. Kutengera ndi kuchuluka kwa mapepala, akasupe amatchedwa ang'ono ndi mapepala angapo.
• Mabotolo. Ndi thandizo lawo, akasupe amamangiriridwa ku thupi. Poterepa, m'modzi mwa mabokosiwo amasunthira kotenga nthawi (akumangirira zingwe), ndipo inayo imakhala yosasunthika.

Zinthu zoyimitsidwa modalira masika

Zomwe zimayambira pakayimidwe kasupe, kuphatikiza pamtengo wachitsulo, ndi awa:

• zotanuka (masika);
• damping amafotokozera (mantha absorber);
• ndodo za ndege (levers);
• anti-roll bar.

Kuyimitsidwa kotchuka kwamtunduwu kuli ndi mikono isanu. Zinayi mwa izo ndizotalika, ndipo chimodzi chokha chimadutsa. Maupangiriwo amaphatikizidwa ndi mtengo wolimba mbali imodzi ndi chimango chagalimoto china. Zinthu izi zimathandiza kuyimitsidwa kuyamwa kotenga, ofananira nawo ndi ofukula mphamvu.

Ulalo wopingasa, womwe umalepheretsa kuti axle isamuke chifukwa champhamvu zankhondo, uli ndi dzina lina - "Panhard rod". Siyanitsani pakati pa ndodo yopitilira ndi yosinthika ya Panhard. Mtundu wachiwiri wa wishbone amathanso kusintha kutalika kwa axle poyerekeza ndi thupi lagalimoto. Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake, ndodo ya Panhard imagwira ntchito mosiyana potembenukira kumanzere ndi kumanja. Pankhaniyi, galimoto limatha kukhala ndi zovuta zina.

Ubwino ndi zovuta zakusimitsidwa modalira

Ubwino waukulu wakuyimitsidwa modalira:

• zomangamanga zosavuta;
• ntchito yotsika mtengo;
• kukhazikika bwino ndi mphamvu;
• kuyenda kwakukulu (kugonjetsa kosavuta zopinga);
• palibe kusintha pamayendedwe ndi chilolezo chapaulendo poyendetsa.

Chovuta chachikulu ndi ichi: kulumikizana kolimba kwa matayala, kuphatikiza ndi misa yayikulu yayikulu, kumakhudza kayendetsedwe kake, kuyendetsa galimoto mosasunthika komanso kuyendetsa bwino kwa galimotoyo.

Zofunikira zotsatirazi tsopano zaikidwa pa kuyimitsidwa: kuonetsetsa kuti okwera kwambiri amakhala okwanira poyendetsa, kuyendetsa bwino komanso chitetezo chamagalimoto. Kuyimitsidwa modalira sikukwaniritsa zofunikira izi nthawi zonse, ndichifukwa chake kumawonedwa ngati kwachikale. Ngati tiyerekeza kuyimitsidwa modalira komanso kodziyimira pawokha, ndiye kuti omalizawa ali ndi kapangidwe kovuta kwambiri. Ndi kuyimitsidwa kodziyimira pawokha, mawilo amayenda mosadutsana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magwiridwe antchito agalimoto ndikuwonjezera kuyenda bwino.

Ntchito

Nthawi zambiri kuyimitsidwa modalira kumayikidwa pagalimoto zomwe zimafunikira chassis champhamvu komanso chodalirika. Chitsulo chogwiritsira ntchito chitsulo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse ngati kuyimitsa kumbuyo, ndipo mtanda woyimitsa kutsogolo sugwiritsidwanso ntchito. Magalimoto oyenda pamsewu (Mercedes Benz G-Class, Land Rover Defender, Jeep Wrangler ndi ena), magalimoto azamalonda, komanso magalimoto opepuka amakhala ndi chassis chodalira. Nthawi zambiri mtengo wolimba umakhalapo ngati kuyimitsidwa kumbuyo kwa magalimoto abizinesi.