Chipangizo ndi mfundo ntchito ya zowalamulira zowalamulira

Mbali yofunika ya galimoto okonzeka ndi Buku Buku ndi zowalamulira. Amakhala mwachindunji zowalamulira (dengu) zowalamulira ndi galimoto. Tiyeni tikhale mwatsatanetsatane pazinthu monga clutch drive, yomwe imagwira ntchito yofunikira pamsonkhano wonse wa clutch. Ndi kuperewera kwake komwe clutch imatha kugwira ntchito. Tiyeni tiwone za drive drive, mitundu yake, komanso zabwino ndi zovuta za iliyonse.

Clutch drive ndi mitundu yake

Kuyendetsa lakonzedwa kuti mphamvu yakutali ya zowalamulira mwachindunji ndi dalaivala ku chipinda zonyamula. Kukanikiza ngo zowalamulira kumakhudza mbale yapanikizika.

Mitundu yotsatirayi ikudziwika:

• makina;
• hayidiroliki;
• zamagetsi;
• chibayo.

Ofala kwambiri ndi mitundu iwiri yoyambirira. Magalimoto ndi mabasi amagwiritsa ntchito pneumohydraulic drive. Ma electro-hayidiroliki amaikidwa m'makina omwe ali ndi bokosi lamiyendo yama robotic.

M'magalimoto ena, pneumatic kapena vacuum booster imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyendetsa bwino.

Mawotchi pagalimoto

Makina kapena chingwe choyendetsa chimakhala ndi kapangidwe kosavuta komanso mtengo wotsika. Ndizodzikongoletsa pakukonza ndipo zimakhala ndi zinthu zochepa. Makina oyendetsa amaikidwa mgalimoto ndi magalimoto opepuka.

Zomwe zimayendetsa makina opangira ndi monga:

• chingwe zowalamulira;
• zowalamulira ngo;
• zowalamulira kumasulidwa foloko;
• kumasula kuchitira;
• makina osinthira.

Chingwe cholumikizira ndichofunikira kwambiri pagalimoto. Chingwe cholumikizira chimamangiriridwa ndi foloko komanso kupindika kwa chipinda chonyamula. Pakadali nthawi yokhumudwitsa woyendetsa, zomwe zimachitika zimafalikira kudzera pachingwe kupita pa foloko ndikumasula kutengera. Zotsatira zake, injini yamagalimoto idachotsedwa pakufalitsa ndipo, chifukwa chake, zowalamulira zalekanitsidwa.

Njira yosinthira imaperekedwa pakulumikiza chingwe ndi zoyendetsa, zomwe zimapereka maulendo aulere omenyera.

Kuyenda kwa clutch ndikoyenda kwaulere mpaka pagalimotoyo itayamba. Mtunda woyenda ndi pakhosi osachita khama ndi driver pomwe akakamizidwa ndiulendo waulere.

Ngati kusintha kwa zida kumayendera limodzi ndi phokoso, ndipo koyambirira kwa kayendedwe pali tinthu tating'onoting'ono tamagalimoto, ndiye kuti m'pofunika kusintha kupweteketsa.

Chilolezo cha clutch chiyenera kukhala mkati mwa 35-50 mm ya kuyenda kwaulere. Miyezo yazizindikirozi imawonetsedwa muzolemba zaukadaulo zagalimoto. Ulendo woyenda pansi umasinthidwa ndikusintha kutalika kwa ndodo ndi mtedza wosintha.

M'magalimoto, osati chingwe, koma chiwongolero chogwiritsira ntchito chimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Ubwino woyendetsa makina ndi awa:

• kuphweka kwa chipangizocho;
• mtengo wotsika;
• kudalirika pakugwira ntchito.

Chosavuta chachikulu chimawerengedwa kuti ndichoperewera poyerekeza ndi hayidiroliki yoyendetsa.

Hayidiroliki zowalamulira pagalimoto

Ma hydraulic drive ali ndi kapangidwe kovuta kwambiri. Zinthu zake, kuwonjezera pa kutulutsa kotulutsa, foloko ndi pedal, zimaphatikizanso mzere wama hayidiroliki, womwe umalowetsa chingwe cholumikizira.

M'malo mwake, mzerewu ndi wofanana ndi mabuleki amadzimadzi omwe amakhala ndi ma hydraulic ndipo ali ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:

• zowalamulira mbuye yamphamvu;
• clutch kapolo yamphamvu;
• mosungira ndi payipi wokhala ndi madzi amadzimadzi.

Chipangizo cha mbuye yamphamvu zowalamulira ikufanana ndi yamphamvu ya brake master. Clutch master cylinder ili ndi pisitoni yokhala ndi pusher, yomwe ili munyumba. Mulinso nkhokwe yamadzi ndi mphete zosindikizira.

Chingwe cholimbira kapolo, chomwe chimakhala ndi kapangidwe kofanana ndi cholembera chachikulu, chimakhalanso ndi valavu yochotsera mpweya m'dongosolo.

Magwiridwe antchito a hydraulic drive ndi ofanana ndi amakanika, mphamvu yokha imafalikira mothandizidwa ndi madzi omwe ali mu payipi, osati kudzera pachingwe.

Pamene dalaivala akukanikiza ngozo, mphamvuyo imafalikira kudzera mu ndodo kupita pachimake cholimbira. Kenako, chifukwa cha katundu wosamveka wamadzimadzi, cholumikizira champhamvu cha akapolo ndi cholembera choyendetsa chimayendetsedwa.

Zinthu zotsatirazi zitha kusiyanitsidwa ngati ma hydraulic drive:

• zowalamulira hayidiroliki amalola kufala mphamvu pa mtunda ndithu ndi dzuwa;
• Kukaniza kusefukira kwamadzimadzi mu ma hydraulic drive kumathandizira kuti zinthu ziziyenda bwino.

Chosavuta chachikulu cha hayidiroliki ndi kukonza kovuta poyerekeza ndi makina. Kutayikira kwamadzimadzi ogwirira ntchito komanso kulowa kwa mpweya mumayendedwe oyendera ma hydraulic mwina ndizowonongeka zomwe mbuye ndi akapolo akapolo angadzitamandire nazo.

Hayidiroliki ntchito mu galimoto zonyamula ndi magalimoto ndi zonyamula takisi.

Maonekedwe abwino a zowalamulira

Madalaivala nthawi zambiri amayanjanitsa kusagwirizana komanso kuyenda kosayenda bwino ndi zovuta zina. Malingaliro awa ndi olakwika nthawi zambiri.

Mwachitsanzo, galimoto ikasintha magiya kuyambira woyamba mpaka wachiwiri, imatsika kwambiri. Si clutch yokha yomwe ili ndi vuto, koma clutch pedal position sensor. Ili kumbuyo kwa ngo zowalamulira zokha. Zovuta za sensa zimachotsedwa ndi kukonza kosavuta, pambuyo pake zowalamulirazo zidzagwiranso ntchito bwino osagwedezeka.

Vuto lina: posintha magiya, galimoto imagwedezeka pang'ono, ndipo poyambira imatha kuyima. Chingakhale chifukwa chiyani? Valve yochedwetsa nthawi zambiri imakhala yolakwa. Valavuyi imathamanga mwachangu momwe ndegeyo imagwirira ntchito, ngakhale zitaponyedwa pang'onopang'ono. Kwa madalaivala a novice, ntchitoyi ndiyofunikira chifukwa Valavu yochedwa kutsekemera imalepheretsa kuvala kwambiri pamwamba pa disk.