Kapangidwe ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka camshaft position sensor

Makina amakono ali ndi mawonekedwe ovuta kwambiri ndipo amayang'aniridwa ndi makina oyang'anira zamagetsi potengera zikwangwani zamagetsi. Chojambulira chilichonse chimayang'anira magawo ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mota pakadali pano, ndikupereka chidziwitso ku ECU. M'nkhaniyi, tikambirana chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakuwongolera injini - camshaft position sensor (DPRV).

Kodi DPRV ndi chiyani

Chidule cha DPRV chimayimira Camshaft Position Sensor. Mayina ena: Nyumba yamagetsi, gawo la gawo kapena CMP (chidule cha Chingerezi) Kuchokera pa dzinali zikuwonekeratu kuti amatenga nawo mbali pakugwiritsa ntchito njira yogawa mafuta. Makamaka, pamaziko a deta yake, dongosololi limawerengera mphindi yoyenera ya jakisoni wamafuta ndi poyatsira.

Chojambulira ichi chimagwiritsa ntchito 5 volt reference voltage (mphamvu) ndipo gawo lake lalikulu ndi sensor ya Hall. Iye sanadziwe nthawi ya jekeseni kapena poyatsira, koma amangotumiza zidziwitso za nthawi yomwe pisitoniyo idafika pa silinda yoyamba ya TDC. Kutengera ndi izi, nthawi ya jakisoni ndi kutalika kwake kumawerengedwa.

Pogwira ntchito, DPRV imagwirizanitsidwa ndi crankshaft position sensor (DPKV), yomwe imathandizanso pakuyendetsa bwino. Ngati pazifukwa zina sensa ya camshaft yalephera, chidziwitso chazomwe chimachokera ku chojambulira cha crankshaft chidzaganiziridwa. Chizindikiro chochokera ku DPKV ndichofunikira kwambiri pakuyatsira ndi kuyatsa; popanda iyo, injini sizingagwire ntchito.

DPRV imagwiritsidwa ntchito painjini zonse zamakono, kuphatikiza mainjini oyaka amkati okhala ndi nthawi yosinthira yama valve. Imaikidwa pamutu wamphamvu, kutengera kapangidwe ka mota.

Camshaft udindo kachipangizo kachipangizo

Monga tanenera kale, sensa imagwira ntchito potengera momwe Hall imathandizira. Izi zidapezeka m'zaka za zana la XNUMX ndi wasayansi wa dzina lomweli. Adazindikira kuti ngati chingwe chodutsa chimadutsa pa mbale yopyapyala ndikuyika maginito okhazikika, ndiye kuti kusiyana komwe kumachitika kumatha kumapeto kwake. Ndiye kuti, poyambitsa maginito, gawo lama elekitironi limasokonekera ndikupanga magetsi ang'onoang'ono (Hall voltage) mbali ina ya mbaleyo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mbendera.

DPRV imakonzedwa mofananamo, koma mwa mawonekedwe apamwamba kwambiri. Lili ndi maginito okhazikika ndi semiconductor komwe olumikizana anayi amalumikizidwa. Mphamvu yamagetsi imatumizidwa kudera laling'ono lophatikizidwa, komwe imakonzedwa, ndipo olumikizana wamba (awiri kapena atatu) akutuluka kale m'thupi la sensa. Thupi limapangidwa ndi pulasitiki.

Momwe ntchito

Camshaft moyang'anizana ndi DPRV imayikidwa pa master disk (wheel wheel). Komanso, pa camshaft master disk pamapangidwa mano apadera kapena ziyerekezo. Pakadali pano zotulutsira izi zimadutsa mu sensa, DPRV imapanga chikwangwani cha digito cha mawonekedwe apadera, omwe akuwonetsa kupsyinjika kwamakono muzipilala.

Ndiko kulondola kwambiri kulingalira za ntchito ya camshaft sensor pamodzi ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka DPKV. Kusintha kwama crankshaft awiri kumabweretsa kusintha kwamphamvu kwa camshaft. Ichi ndiye chinsinsi chofanizira machitidwe a jakisoni ndi poyatsira. Mwanjira ina, DPRV ndi DPKV zimawonetsa mphindi yakukakamira koyambirira mu silinda yoyamba.

Crankshaft master disk ili ndi mano 58 (60-2), ndiye kuti, gawo lomwe lili ndi phazi la mano awiri likadutsa pa chojambulira cha crankshaft, dongosololi limayang'ana chizindikirocho ndi DPRV ndi DPKV ndikuwonetsetsa mphindi ya jekeseni mu silinda yoyamba . Pambuyo 30 mano, jakisoni amapezeka Mwachitsanzo, mu yamphamvu lachitatu, ndiyeno chachinayi ndi chachiwiri. Umu ndi momwe kulumikizana kumachitikira. Zizindikiro zonsezi ndi nyemba zomwe zimawerengedwa ndi gawo loyang'anira. Amatha kuwoneka pa oscillogram yokha.

Zizindikiro

Tiyenera kunena nthawi yomweyo kuti ndi cholakwika cha camshaft, injini ipitiliza kugwira ntchito ndikuyamba, koma ndikuchedwa.

Kulephera kwa DPRV kumatha kuwonetsedwa ndi izi:

• kuchuluka mafuta, popeza dongosolo jekeseni si maloboti;
• galimoto ikuyenda mosasunthika, ikutha mphamvu;
• Magetsi akuwonongeka, galimoto sitha kuthamanga kwambiri;
• injini sayamba pomwepo, koma ndi kuchedwa kwa masekondi 2-3 kapena masheya;
• dongosolo poyatsira ntchito ndi misfires, misfires;
• kompyuta yomwe ili pa board ikusonyeza cholakwika, Check Engine ikuwala.

Zizindikirozi zitha kuwonetsa DPRV yosagwira bwino ntchito, koma imatha kuwonetsanso zovuta zina. Ndikofunika kuti muzindikire momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito matendawa.

Zina mwazifukwa zolephera kwa DPRV ndi izi:

• kukhudzana ndi mavuto a zingwe;
• Pakhoza kukhala kachipangizo kapena kukhotetsa pakuyenda kwa master disk, potero sensa imatha kuwerenga zolakwika;
• kuwonongeka kwa sensa yokha.

Yokha, chida chaching'onochi chimalephera kawirikawiri.

Njira zoyendera

Monga sensa ina iliyonse kutengera zotsatira za Hall, DPRV siyingayang'ane poyesa magetsi pamalumikizidwe ndi multimeter ("kupitiriza"). Chithunzi chonse cha ntchito yake chingaperekedwe mwa kufunsa ndi oscilloscope. The oscillogram iwonetsa nyemba ndi mavi. Kuti muwerenge zambiri kuchokera pa oscillogram, muyeneranso kukhala ndi chidziwitso komanso chidziwitso. Izi zitha kuchitika ndi katswiri waluso pamalo operekera chithandizo kapena kumalo operekera chithandizo.

Ngati vuto likupezeka, sensa imasinthidwa kukhala yatsopano, palibe kukonza komwe kumaperekedwa.

DPRV imagwira gawo lofunikira pakuyatsira ndi jekeseni. Kulephera kwake kumabweretsa mavuto pakugwiritsa ntchito injini. Ngati zizindikiro zapezeka, ndibwino kuti mupezeke ndi akatswiri oyenerera.

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

ГKodi camshaft position sensor ili kuti? Zimatengera chitsanzo cha mphamvu yamagetsi. Mu zitsanzo zina, ili kumanja, pamene ina ili kumanzere kwa injini. Nthawi zambiri imakhala pafupi ndi pamwamba pa lamba wa nthawi kapena kumbuyo kwa mutu.

Momwe mungayang'anire sensor ya camshaft? Multimeter imayikidwa kuti iyese DC panopa (pazipita 20 V). Chip cha sensor chachotsedwa. Mphamvu mu chip palokha imawunikidwa (ndi kuyatsa). Voltage imayikidwa pa sensor. Pakati pa olumikizana payenera kukhala pafupifupi 90% ya voteji kuchokera pa chizindikiro choperekera. Chinthu chachitsulo chimabweretsedwa ku sensa - voteji pa multimeter iyenera kutsika mpaka 0.4 V.

Kodi camshaft sensor imachita chiyani? Kutengera chizindikiro cha sensa iyi, gawo lowongolera limazindikira kuti ndi liti komanso silinda yomwe ikufunika kupereka mafuta (tsegulani nozzle kuti mudzaze silinda ndi VTS yatsopano).