Kuyika makompyuta pa bolodi - kukonzekera, pang'onopang'ono algorithm, zolakwika wamba
Zamkatimu
Pamagalimoto ambiri, data-waya imagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza kompyuta yomwe ili pa bolodi, mwachitsanzo, K-line, yomwe minibus imalandira chidziwitso chofunikira kwa dalaivala kuchokera ku ECU zosiyanasiyana.
Eni magalimoto amakono nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi vuto lomwe, pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa pakompyuta (BC, bortovik, minibus, kompyuta yapaulendo, MK) ya wopanga wina kapena kusintha kwina. Ngakhale aligorivimu ambiri zochita pa galimoto iliyonse, unsembe ndi kugwirizana kwa njira, pali ma nuances kuti zimadalira chitsanzo cha galimoto.
MK ndi chiyani?
Njira yowongolera imawongolera kuyendetsa bwino kwa dalaivala pazigawo zazikulu zagalimoto, chifukwa imasonkhanitsa zidziwitso kuchokera kuzinthu zonse zazikulu, kenako ndikuzimasulira kukhala mawonekedwe osavuta kwambiri ndikuziwonetsa pazenera. Zina mwazidziwitso zimawonetsedwa munthawi yeniyeni, pomwe zina zonse zimasungidwa m'chikumbukiro cha chipangizocho ndikuwonetsedwa pazenera palamulo loperekedwa pogwiritsa ntchito mabatani kapena zida zina zotumphukira.
Komanso, patsogolo diagnostics ntchito ya kachitidwe waukulu magalimoto adzakhala zothandiza dalaivala, ndi thandizo lake amalandira zokhudza boma zigawo zikuluzikulu ndi misonkhano, komanso deta pa mtunda otsala consumables:
- injini ndi mafuta opatsirana;
- lamba wanthawi kapena unyolo (njira yogawa gasi);
- ma brake pads;
- brake fluid;
- antifreeze;
- midadada chete ndi kuyimitsidwa mantha absorbers.
Yakhazikitsidwa pa bolodi kompyuta
Ikafika nthawi yosinthira zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, MK imapereka chizindikiro, kukopa chidwi cha dalaivala ndikumudziwitsa zomwe zimafunikira kusintha. Kuphatikiza apo, zitsanzo zokhala ndi ntchito yowunikira sizimangonena zosokonekera, komanso zikuwonetsa cholakwika, kuti dalaivala amatha kudziwa nthawi yomweyo chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli.
Njira kukhazikitsa BC
Kompyuta ya pa bolodi ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa m'njira zitatu:
- mu gulu la zida;
- ku gulu lakutsogolo;
- ku gulu lakutsogolo.
Mutha kukhazikitsa kompyuta pa bolodi pagulu la zida kapena gulu lakutsogolo, lomwe limatchedwanso "torpedo", pamakina okhawo omwe amagwirizana nawo. Ngati ikugwirizana kokha ndi ndondomeko yogwirizanitsa ndi ndondomeko zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, koma mawonekedwe ake sagwirizana ndi dzenje la "torpedo" kapena gulu la zida, ndiye kuti silingagwire ntchito kuti liyike pamenepo popanda kusintha kwakukulu.
Zipangizo zomwe zimapangidwira kuti zikhazikike pagulu la zida zimakhala zosunthika, ndikupatsidwa mwayi wowunikira (Kuwunikira pakompyuta), zida zotere zitha kukhazikitsidwa pamagalimoto amakono omwe ali ndi zida zowongolera zamagetsi (ECU).
Kulumikizana
Pamagalimoto ambiri, data-waya imagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza kompyuta yomwe ili pa bolodi, mwachitsanzo, K-line, yomwe minibus imalandira chidziwitso chofunikira kwa dalaivala kuchokera ku ECU zosiyanasiyana. Koma kuti mukhazikitse kuwongolera kokwanira pagalimoto, muyenera kulumikizana ndi masensa owonjezera, monga kuchuluka kwamafuta kapena kutentha kwa msewu.
Zitsanzo zina zamakompyuta pa bolodi zimatha kuwongolera mayunitsi osiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, kuyatsa zimakupiza injini mosasamala kanthu za gawo lowongolera, ntchitoyi imalola dalaivala kusintha matenthedwe agalimoto popanda kuwunikira kapena kukonzanso mphamvu ya ECU.
Kulumikiza kompyuta pa bolodi
Chifukwa chake, chiwembu chosavuta cholumikizira kulumikizana ndi makompyuta apakompyuta chikuwoneka motere:
- chakudya (kuphatikiza ndi nthaka);
- data-waya;
- mawaya a sensor;
- mawaya a actuator.
Kutengera kasinthidwe ka mawaya agalimoto, mawayawa amatha kulumikizidwa ndi socket yowunikira, mwachitsanzo, ODB-II, kapena kudutsa pamenepo. Poyamba, kompyuta ya pa bolodi sayenera kuikidwa pamalo osankhidwa, komanso yolumikizidwa ndi chipika cholumikizira; chachiwiri, kuwonjezera pa kulumikiza chipikacho, iyeneranso kulumikizidwa ndi mawaya. ma sensor ogwirizana kapena ma actuators.
Kuti tisonyeze momveka bwino momwe mungayikitsire ndi kulumikiza kompyuta yomwe ili pa bolodi ku galimoto, tidzapereka malangizo a sitepe ndi sitepe, ndipo monga chithandizo chowonetsera tidzagwiritsa ntchito galimoto yosatha, koma yotchuka kwambiri ya VAZ 2115. Koma, iliyonse yotereyi kalozera limafotokoza mfundo wamba, pambuyo pa zonse, BCs ndi osiyana kwa aliyense, ndipo zaka zitsanzo woyamba wa magalimoto amenewa ndi pafupifupi zaka 30, kotero n'kutheka kuti mawaya kumeneko wakhala kukonzanso kwathunthu.
Kuyika mu socket yokhazikika
Mmodzi wa makompyuta n'zogwirizana kwathunthu pa bolodi, amene akhoza kuikidwa popanda kusintha ndiyeno olumikizidwa kwa VAZ 2115 jekeseni - BK-16 chitsanzo kuchokera Russian Mlengi Orion (NPP Orion). Minibus iyi imayikidwa m'malo mwa pulagi yokhazikika kutsogolo kwa galimotoyo, yomwe ili pamwamba pa gulu lowonetsera.
Kuyika mu socket yokhazikika
Nayi njira yofananira yoyika kompyuta pa bolodi ndikuyilumikiza kugalimoto:
- kuletsa batire;
- chotsani pulagi kapena tulutsani chipangizo chamagetsi chomwe chimayikidwa pagawo lolingana;
- pansi pa gulu lakutsogolo, pafupi ndi chiwongolero, pezani chipika cha mapini asanu ndi anayi ndikuchidula;
- tulutsani mbali yomwe ili kutali kwambiri ndi chiwongolero;
- kulumikiza mawaya a MK block ku chipika chagalimoto molingana ndi malangizo, imabwera ndi kompyuta yomwe ili pa bolodi (kumbukirani, ngati ma waya agalimoto asinthidwa, ndiye perekani kulumikizana kwa chipikacho kugalimoto yodziwa zambiri. wamagetsi);
- kulumikiza mawaya a mafuta mlingo ndi masensa kutentha kunja;
- kulumikiza mosamala ndi kudzipatula kukhudzana waya, makamaka mosamala kulumikiza K-line;
- fufuzaninso zolumikizira zonse mogwirizana ndi chithunzicho;
- gwirizanitsani mbali zonse za chipika cha galimoto ndikuziyika pansi pa gulu lakutsogolo;
- kulumikiza chipika ku njira;
- kukhazikitsa kompyuta pa bolodi mu kagawo yoyenera;
- kulumikiza batire;
- kuyatsa moto ndi kuyang'ana ntchito ya bortovik;
- yambitsani injini ndikuyang'ana momwe minibus ikugwirira ntchito pamsewu.
Front Panel Mounting
Mmodzi mwa makompyuta ochepa pa bolodi amene akhoza kuikidwa pa galimoto iliyonse carburetor, kuphatikizapo woyamba zitsanzo VAZ 2115, ndi BK-06 kwa Mlengi yemweyo. Imagwira ntchito zotsatirazi:
- imayang'anira liwiro la crankshaft;
- kuyeza voteji mu netiweki pa bolodi;
- chizindikiro cha nthawi ya ulendo;
- amasonyeza nthawi yeniyeni;
- amasonyeza kutentha kunja (ngati sensa yoyenera yaikidwa).
Timatcha chitsanzo ichi cha BC kuti chigwirizane pang'ono chifukwa sichigwirizana ndi mpando uliwonse wakutsogolo, kotero njirayo imayikidwa pa "torpedo" pamalo aliwonse abwino. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyika kwake kumatanthawuza kulowererapo kwakukulu pamawaya agalimoto, chifukwa palibe cholumikizira chimodzi chomwe mungalumikizane ndi onse kapena osachepera ambiri.
Kuyika pa "torpedo"
Kuti muyike ndikulumikiza kompyuta yomwe ili pa bolodi, chitani izi:
- sankhani malo oti muyikemo kompyuta pa bolodi;
- kuletsa batire;
- pansi pa gulu lakutsogolo, pezani mawaya amphamvu (kuphatikiza batri ndi nthaka) ndi waya wamakina amagetsi (amachoka kwa wogawa kupita ku switch);
- kulumikiza mawaya akutuluka mu rauta kwa iwo;
- kudzipatula kukhudzana;
- ikani rauta pamalo;
- kulumikiza batire;
- kuyatsa poyatsira ndikuyang'ana ntchito ya chipangizo;
- yambani injini ndikuyang'ana ntchito ya chipangizocho.
Kulumikiza kompyuta pa bolodi ku magalimoto ena
Mosasamala kanthu za kupanga ndi chitsanzo cha galimotoyo, komanso chaka cha kutulutsidwa kwake, ma algorithm ambiri a zochita ndi ofanana ndi magawo omwe tafotokozedwa pamwambapa. Mwachitsanzo, kukhazikitsa ndi kulumikiza BC "State" UniComp-600M kuti "Vesta", chitani zotsatirazi:
- kulumikiza chipangizo kutsogolo gulu kutonthoza malo aliwonse yabwino;
- ikani chingwe cha mawaya kuchokera pakompyuta pa bolodi kupita ku chipika cholumikizira;
- kukhazikitsa ndi kulumikiza chojambulira kutentha kunja;
- gwirizanitsani sensor level mafuta.
Njira yomweyi imagwiranso ntchito pamagalimoto aliwonse amakono akunja.
Kuyika minibus pamagalimoto a dizilo
Magalimoto oterowo ali ndi injini zomwe zilibe njira yoyatsira mwachizolowezi, chifukwa kusakaniza kwamafuta a mpweya mkati mwake sikumawotchedwa ndi spark, koma ndi mpweya wotenthedwa ndi kuponderezedwa. Ngati galimoto ili ndi galimoto yokhala ndi makina opangira mafuta, ndiye kuti palibe chovuta kuposa BK-06 chomwe chingayikidwe pa icho chifukwa cha kusowa kwa ECU, ndipo zambiri zokhudza chiwerengero cha kusintha zimatengedwa kuchokera ku crankshaft position sensor. .
Pakompyuta pa BK-06
Ngati galimotoyo ili ndi ma nozzles oyendetsedwa ndi magetsi, ndiye kuti BC iliyonse yapadziko lonse idzachita, komabe, kuti minibus iwonetsere zambiri zokhudza kuyesa machitidwe onse a galimotoyo, sankhani galimoto yomwe ili pamtunda yomwe ikugwirizana ndi chitsanzo ichi.
Pomaliza
Mukhoza kukhazikitsa kompyuta pa bolodi osati jekeseni wamakono, kuphatikizapo magalimoto dizilo, komanso zitsanzo zakale okonzeka ndi carburetor kapena jekeseni mafuta makina. Koma, minibus idzabweretsa phindu lalikulu ngati muyiyika pa galimoto yamakono yokhala ndi zida zamagetsi zamakina osiyanasiyana ndi basi imodzi yodziwitsa, mwachitsanzo, CAN kapena K-Line.
