Kulimbikitsa asitikali opepuka - Mobile Protected Firepower

Malingaliro a General Dynamics Land Systems mu pulogalamu ya MPF-Griffin. Zida zake zazikulu ndi "kuwala" 120-mm XM360 cannon, yogwiritsidwa ntchito pansi pa pulogalamu ya Future Combat Systems.

Kwa nthawi yayitali, malingaliro adakhalapo ku United States kuti Asitikali aku US adzamenya nkhondo makamaka ndi mdani wofooka kwambiri m'mbali zonse, pomwe magulu ankhondo "akunoledwa". Osati kokha kusintha kwa geopolitical padziko lonse lapansi, komanso mikangano ya asymmetric yokakamizidwa kuyesa malingaliro olakwika.

Kutha kwa Cold War kudapangitsa "kukula" kwankhondo m'maiko a NATO, kuphatikiza United States. Pambuyo pa kugwa kwa USSR ndi "kupuma" komwe chuma cha Japan chinagwera, zinkawoneka kuti gulu lankhondo ndi lachuma la United States silinagwedezeke. Inde, palibe amene anali ndi zonyenga zilizonse kuti nkhondo zonse zatha. Komabe, mikangano yaikulu yokhudzana ndi magulu ofanana, omwe analibe zida za nyukiliya zokha, komanso zida zambiri zamakono zamakono, ziyenera kukhala mbiriyakale. Mbali imodzi inali yoti ikhale yamphamvu kwambiri, ndiko kuti, US monga "wapolisi wapadziko lonse", nthawi zina amathandizidwa ndi ogwirizana, ndipo winayo dziko kapena gulu la mayiko omwe amawopseza zofuna za hegemon ndi gulu la co- mayiko olamulira. Pambuyo pa kugonjetsedwa kwachangu kwa "boma lachifwamba" (onani ntchito "Ufulu wa Iraq"), asilikali amphamvu adayenera kupita kumalo otchedwa Stabilization Mission. Pochita izi, izi zikutanthauza "kukhazikitsidwa" kwa maulamuliro atsopano odalira kwathunthu ndi ntchito ya dziko logonjetsedwa kuti asunge olamulira atsopano. Zochitika zam'mbali zimayenera kukhala zotsika mtengo komanso zotayika.

Asilikali opepuka ndi opepuka kwambiri

Chida chachikulu chogwiritsira ntchito ndondomeko yotereyi chinali kukhala magulu ankhondo opepuka komanso apakatikati a US Army - IBCT ndi SBCT (zambiri muzolemba za Armored Brigade Combat Team - lingaliro la zida zankhondo ndi zida zankhondo za US Army ku WiT 2 /2017 ndi Msewu wopita ku Stryker Dragoon transporter pa WiT 3/2017), chifukwa cha njira zawo zapamwamba, zogwirira ntchito komanso zanzeru. Chifukwa cha izi, amayenera kukhala oyamba kupita kutsogolo ndikutha kulimbana ndi mdani muzochitika zilizonse. Zida zoyambira za IBCT zinali zokhala magalimoto opepuka amtundu uliwonse wa banja la HMMWV ndi magalimoto a FMTV, mfuti zokoka ndi matope, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zikanapangitsa kuti mayendedwe apamlengalenga aziyenda munthawi yochepa kwambiri. Kuthekera kwa SBCT kumayenera kuperekedwa makamaka ndi magalimoto okhala ndi zida za Stryker, pomwe galimoto yothandizira moto ya M1128 MGS yokhala ndi cannon ya 105 mm inali ndi chowotcha kwambiri. Komanso, pamene iwo analengedwa, chimodzi mwa zofunika kwambiri anali mkulu njira kuyenda, amene akanayenera kuchepetsa mlingo wa zida.

Zowona za mikangano ku Iraq ndi Afghanistan zidatsimikizira malingaliro awa mwachangu. Magalimoto okhala ndi zida zochepa komanso opanda zida sizinapereke chitetezo chokwanira kwa asitikali aku America (chifukwa chake adasinthidwa ndi magalimoto amtundu wa MRAP), chifukwa chake sakanatha kugwira ntchito zomwe adapatsidwa. Nthawi zambiri, zigawenga zachisilamu ku Middle East zidabweretsa mavuto ambiri kwa Asitikali aku US. Zinali zowopsa osati pomenyana mwachindunji pogwiritsa ntchito zida zolimbana ndi akasinja, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri migodi ndi zida zophulika (IEDs).

Monga chikhumbo choyamba, Achimereka adatsindika kwambiri kuposa kale pa mgwirizano pakati pa IBCT ndi SBCT ndi ABCT kotero kuti, ngati kuli kofunikira, asilikali a mapangidwe opepuka alandire chithandizo cha akasinja a Abrams ndi magalimoto omenyana ndi makanda a Bradley. Kuonjezera apo, kufunikira kwa kufufuza kwa mlengalenga kwawonjezeka chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwa kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa magalimoto osayendetsedwa ndi ndege komanso kufalikira kwa zithunzi za satellite. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, malingaliro oyambirira a tsogolo la "modular brigade" anayesedwa, omwe amayenera kukhala maziko a dongosolo la US Army pambuyo pa kukhazikitsa pulogalamu ya FCS. Pamapeto pake, mu 2009, FCS idatsekedwa, ndipo m'malo mwake adasankha kukweza zida zomwe zidalipo, makamaka powonjezera kukana (onani, makamaka, WiT 5/2016). Nthawi yomweyo, mapulani adayamba kusintha mibadwo ya zida zankhondo zaku US kwa nthawi yayitali. Wotsatira wa HMMWV adzakhala JLTV (Joint Light Tactical Vehicle) kapena Oshkosh L-ATV yothandizidwa ndi GMV yopepuka koma yowonjezereka (Ground Mobility Vehicle). Chotsatiracho chidzawonjezeredwa ndi LRV (galimoto yowunikira kuwala). GMV ndi LRV ziyenera kuyambitsidwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito mu nthawi yotchedwa medium term, mwachitsanzo, mu 2022-2031. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, galimoto yosinthira theka, kubwereranso ku malingaliro akale, iyenera kuperekedwa - Mobile Protected Firepower (MPF, yomasuliridwa momasuka Armored Fire Support Vehicle), thanki yowunikira kwa asilikali oyendetsa ndege.