Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi "Falcon jump".
Kuyandikira pafupi kwa Dutch C-130H-30, yomwe nthawi zonse imakhala pamutu wa ndege zoyendera zomwe ma paratroopers amatera.
Pa Seputembala 9-21, 2019, monga chaka chilichonse, masewera olimbitsa thupi a Falcon Jump amachitika ku Netherlands. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi zidakonzedwa ndi gawo la 336 la Royal Netherlands Air Force ndi gulu lankhondo la 11 la Royal Land Forces. Cholinga chachikulu cha masewerawa ndi kuphunzitsa ogwira ndege ndi pansi potera ndi kuponya ndege. Aparatroopers adakonzekeranso chikondwerero chapachaka cha Operation Market Garden. Inde, chiwerengero cha paratroopers omwe adagwira nawo ntchito ndi chikondwerero cha opareshoni sichinali chachikulu ngati chiwerengero cha omwe adatenga nawo mbali mwachindunji. Komabe, ngakhale kulumpha 1200 kunali vuto lalikulu, monga chaka chilichonse.
Pambuyo pofika ku Normandy pa June 6, 1944, ndi chitukuko cha Allied zonyansa kwambiri ku France, British Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery anayamba kuyesetsa kudutsa kutsogolo kwa Germany mwamsanga momwe angathere. Ankakhulupirira kuti asilikali a Germany atagonjetsedwa ku France, Germany anali atagonjetsedwa kale. M'malingaliro ake, nkhondoyo itha kutha mwachangu podutsa dziko la Netherlands ndikuukira gawo la Germany. Ngakhale zinali zokayikitsa, Mtsogoleri Wapamwamba Wogwirizana ku Ulaya, General Dwight Eisenhower, adavomereza kuti achite Operation Market Garden.
Cholinga cha ntchito yaikulu kwambiri ya Allied airborne inali kudutsa gawo la Netherlands, lomwe, monga mukudziwa, limadulidwa ndi mitsinje yovuta ndi ngalande. Choncho, choyamba, kunali koyenera kudziwa milatho kudutsa zotchinga madzi - pa mitsinje ya Meuse, Vaal (mtsinje wa Rhine) ndi Rhine ku Netherlands. Cholinga cha opaleshoniyi chinali kumasula dziko lakum'mwera kwa Netherlands ku ukapolo wa Germany Khrisimasi 1944 isanachitike ndikutsegula njira yopita ku Germany. Opaleshoniyi inkakhala ndi chinthu choyendetsa ndege (Msika) kuti igwire milatho ndi kuukira kwa zida kuchokera ku Belgium (Zachisoni) pogwiritsa ntchito milatho yonse kuti igwire Rhine bridgehead m'gawo la Germany.
Dongosololi linali lofuna kwambiri ndipo kukhazikitsidwa kwake mwachangu kunali kofunika kwambiri kuti apambane. Ntchito ya XXX British Corps inali yogonjetsa mtunda wochokera kumalire ndi Belgium kupita ku mzinda wa Arnhem pamalire ndi Germany m'masiku atatu. Izi zikanatheka ngati milatho yonse yomwe ili panjirayo sinawonongeke. Bungwe la US 101st Airborne Division (DPD) linali loti ligwire milatho pakati pa Eindhoven ndi Vegel. Gawo lachiwiri la ku America, 82nd DPD, linali loti litenge milatho pakati pa Grave ndi Nijmegen. British 1st DPD ndi Polish 1st Independent Parachute Brigade anakumana ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri. Anayenera kulanda milatho itatu m’gawo la adani pa Lower Rhine pafupi ndi Arnhem. Ngati Operation Market Garden ikanakhala yopambana, madera ambiri a Netherlands akadamasulidwa, kudula asilikali a Germany kumpoto kwa dzikolo, ndipo msewu wa makilomita 100 wopita ku Germany ukadawonongedwa. Kuchokera kumeneko, kuchokera pa bridgehead ku Arnhem, Allies anayenera kulowera kummawa ku Ruhr, malo opangira mafakitale ku Germany.
Kulephera kwa dongosolo
Pa September 17, 1944, kutera koyamba kunachitika popanda vuto lililonse. Komabe, mavuto aakulu ndi zopinga zinabuka nthaŵi yomweyo. Malo otsetsereka a Britain anali kutali kwambiri kumadzulo kwa Arnhem ndipo gulu limodzi lokha linafika pa mlatho waukulu. XXX Corps idayima madzulo ku Valkensvärd chifukwa mlatho wa ku Sona unaphulitsidwa ndi a Germany. Sipanafike pa September 19 pamene mlatho watsopano wongoyembekezera unamangidwa. Anthu a ku America omwe anafika ku Groesbeck sanachite bwino kulanda mlatho wa Nijmegen. Patsiku lomwelo, a British, atalimbikitsidwa ndi mafunde ena akutera, adayesa kudutsa pamlatho wa Arnhem, koma adanyansidwa ndi mayunitsi a Germany omwe adalowa mofulumira. Ma scrapyards angapo adatayika ndipo zotsalira za 1 DPD zidabwezeredwa ku Oosterbeek.
Pa Seputembara 20, Achimereka adawoloka Mtsinje wa Waal m'mabwato ndipo mlatho wa Nijmegen adagwidwa ndi iwo. Komabe, zidachitika kuti izi zidachitika mochedwa kwambiri, popeza Ajeremani adazungulira gulu lankhondo pafupi ndi Arnhem ndipo mlathowo adautenganso. Gulu lankhondo la ku Poland linafika ku Driel pa 21 September ndikuyembekeza kuti bridgehead ya Oosterbeek ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati njira ina yodutsa ku Lower Rhine, koma izi sizinali zenizeni. A British anali pafupi kugwa, ndipo kupereka kwa asilikali mu khonde kuchokera ku Eindhoven kupita ku Arnhem kunasokonezedwa mwadongosolo ndi kuukira kwa Germany kuchokera kumbali. Chifukwa chake, msewu wanjira ziwiri No. 69 pakati pa Eindhoven ndi Arnhem umatchedwa "njira yopita ku gehena".
Pa September 22, 1944, asilikali a Germany anathyola kanjira kakang'ono kogwirizana pafupi ndi mudzi wa Vegel. Izi zinapangitsa kuti magulu ankhondo a Allied ku Arnhem agonjetse, popeza Ajeremani adaletsanso a Briteni pakati pa Arnhem. Chifukwa chake, Operation Market Garden idathetsedwa pa 24 Seputembala. Usiku wa 25/26 September, asilikali omaliza a 2000 ochokera ku Oosterbeek anasamutsidwa kuwoloka mtsinjewo. Kupambana kumeneku kunalola Ajeremani kuti adziteteze kwa miyezi ina isanu ndi umodzi. Kugonjetsedwa kumeneku kunanenedwa kuti ndi "mlatho wakutali kwambiri", m'mawu otchuka a British General Browning.
