Phunziro: kuwunika ma magetsi ndi zamagetsi

Tiona momwe tingapezere ndi kuthana ndi mavuto pamagetsi amagetsi a batire, oyambira magetsi, poyatsira ndi kuyatsa. Ndi ma multimeter komanso malangizo oyenera, ntchitoyi siyovuta kwenikweni. Kuwongolera kwamakinaku kumabweretsedwa kwa inu ku Louis-Moto.fr.

Ngati mukukayika za kudziwa kwanu zamagetsi, tikukulangizani kuti dinani apa musanayambe phunziroli. Kuti mudziwe momwe mungayang'anire magetsi anu azamagetsi ndi zamagetsi, tsatirani izi.

Kuyang'ana ma magetsi a njinga yamoto

Sitata yamagetsi ikachita ulesi, zotsekemera zofunikira zimasonkhanitsidwa, nyali zoyaka zimatuluka, ndipo ma fuse amaphulika mothamanga kwambiri, uku ndi vuto ladzidzidzi kwa ma bikers ambiri. Pomwe zolakwika zamakina zimapezeka msanga, zolakwika zamagetsi, komano, sizimawoneka, zabisika, zimakhala chete ndipo nthawi zambiri zimawononga galimoto yonse. Komabe, ndi kuleza mtima pang'ono, multimeter (ngakhale yotsika mtengo), ndi malangizo ochepa, simukuyenera kukhala katswiri wamagetsi wamagalimoto kuti muwone zolakwika izi ndikupulumutsirani mitengo yayikulu pakampani.

Poyatsira, kuyatsa, zoyambira ndi ntchito zina zosiyanasiyana, njinga zamoto zambiri (kupatula ma enduros ochepa ndi mitundu yakale ya moped kapena moped) zimatulutsa mphamvu kuchokera pa batri. Batire ikatuluka, magalimoto amenewa azikhala ovuta kuyendetsa. 

M'malo mwake, batire yotulutsidwa ikhoza kukhala ndi zifukwa ziwiri: mwina kuzungulira komwe kulipoko sikumalipiranso batire mokwanira poyendetsa, kapena kulephera kwakanthawi kwinakwake pamagetsi. Ngati pali zizindikiro zosakwanira kulipira batire ndi alternator (mwachitsanzo, choyambira chimachita mwaulesi, nyali yayikulu imawala pamene mukuyendetsa galimoto, chizindikiro cha chiwongolero chimawala), perekani mwayi wopita ku zigawo zonse za dera loyendetsa kuti liwonedwe: zolumikizira pulagi. Kulumikizana pakati pa alternator ndi chowongolera kuyenera kulumikizidwa motetezeka komanso mwaukhondo, zingwe zofananira siziyenera kuwonetsa kusweka, abrasion, moto kapena dzimbiri ("kukhudzidwa" ndi dzimbiri lobiriwira), kulumikizana kwa batri kuyeneranso kuwonetsa kuti palibe zisonyezo za dzimbiri ( ngati (kofunikira, yeretsani pamwamba ndi mpeni ndikuyika mafuta kumalo omaliza), jenereta ndi chowongolera / chowongolera sayenera kukhala ndi zolakwika zamakina. 

Pitilizani kuwunika zinthu zosiyanasiyana, batire liyenera kukhala labwino komanso lodzaza. Ngati pali kulephera kwa chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zili m'dongosolo loyendetsa, onaninso zinthu zina zonse m'deralo kuti muwonetsetse kuti sizikuwonongeka.

Kuyang'ana dera lolipiritsa - tiyeni tiyambe

01 - Mphamvu yamagetsi

Kuyeza mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi kumawonetsa ngati dera loyendetsa likugwira ntchito bwino. Kwezani galimotoyo (makamaka injini yotentha) ndipo onetsetsani kuti muli ndi malo okwanira mabatire. Kwa ma volt 12-volt system, ikani multimeter pamiyeso yoyesa 20 V (DC) koyamba ndikuyilumikiza kuzinthu zabwino ndi zoyipa za batri. 

Ngati batri ili bwino, magetsi osagwira ayenera kukhala pakati pa 12,5 ndi 12,8 V. Yambitsani injini ndikuwonjezera liwiro mpaka ikafika 3 rpm. Ngati gawo lolemera ndilabwino, magetsi akuyenera kukulirakulira mpaka kukafika pamalire, koma osapitilira.

Kutengera ndi galimotoyo, malirewa ali pakati pa 13,5 ndi 15 V; kuti mupeze phindu lenileni onani buku lazomwe mungapangire pagalimoto yanu. Ngati mtengowu udapitilira, woyang'anira magetsi (omwe nthawi zambiri amapanga gawo lokonzanso) amalephera ndipo sakuwongolera momwe magetsi amayendera molondola. Izi zitha kupangitsa, mwachitsanzo, kutayikira kwa asidi kuchokera pa batri ("kusefukira") ndipo, pakapita nthawi, kuwononga batri chifukwa chokwera kwambiri.

Kuwonetsedwa kwamitengo yayitali yamagetsi kumawonetsa kukonzanso komanso / kapena kusokonekera kwa jenereta. Ngati, ngakhale mukukwera liwiro la injini, simukuwona kuwonjezeka kwamagetsi, osinthira mwina sangakhale akupereka ndalama zokwanira; ndiye imafunika kufufuzidwa. 

02 - Kuyang'ana jenereta

Yambani pozindikira mtundu wa chosinthira chomwe chidayikidwa m'galimoto yanu ndikuwunika mfundo izi:

Kuwongolera maginito ozungulira maginito okhazikika

Ma alternator okhala ndi nyenyezi amagwira ntchito ndi maginito okhazikika omwe amazungulira kuti apangitse stator windings yakunja. Amathamangira kusamba kwamafuta, nthawi zambiri pama magazini a crankshaft. Nthawi zambiri, zovuta zimachitika ndikumangowonjezera kapena kutentha kwambiri kwa woyang'anira.

Kuwona ma voltage osakwanira

Imani injini ndi kuzimitsa poyatsira. Chotsani chitsulo china kuchokera pawongolera / chokonzanso. Kenako yeretsani magetsi molunjika pa jenereta (musanayese kuyeza mpaka 200 VAC).

Lumikizani zikhomo ziwiri za cholumikizira cha jenereta motsatana ndi mayesero a multimeter. Kuthamangitsani injini pafupifupi 3 mpaka 000 rpm.

Measure the voltage, set the motor, connect the test lead to a combination combination of connections, restart the motor for another measure, etc. mpaka mutayang'ana zonse zomwe zingaphatikizidwe. Ngati miyezo yomweyi ndiyofanana (makina oyendetsa njinga zamoto apakatikati nthawi zambiri amatulutsa pakati pa 50 ndi 70 volts; onani buku lothandizira pulogalamu yanu yamagalimoto pazinthu zenizeni), jenereta imagwira ntchito bwino. Ngati imodzi mwazomwezo ndiyotsika kwambiri, ndiye kuti ndiyolakwika.

Fufuzani zotseguka ndi zazifupi pansi

Ngati alternator sapereka mphamvu zokwanira zolipiritsa, ndizotheka kuti mafunde aphwanyidwa kapena pali njira yodutsa pansi. Yezerani kukana kuti mupeze vuto lotere. Kuti muchite izi, yimitsani injini ndikuzimitsa kuyatsa. Khazikitsani multimeter kuyeza kukana ndikusankha muyeso wa 200 ohms. Kanikizani kuyesa kwakuda pansi, kanikizani chowongolera chofiira motsatizana ndi pini iliyonse ya cholumikizira cha alternator. Dera lotseguka (kukana kopanda malire) siliyenera kukhazikitsidwa - apo ayi stator idzakhala yozungulira mpaka pansi.

Tsegulani oyang'anira dera

Kenaka fufuzani zosakaniza zonse zomwe zingatheke za zikhomo wina ndi mzake pogwiritsa ntchito njira zoyesera - kukana koyezera kuyenera kukhala kochepa komanso kofanana (nthawi zambiri <1 ohm; onani bukhu lokonzekera loyenera lachitsanzo cha galimoto yanu pamtengo weniweni).

Ngati mtengo woyezedwa ndi waukulu kwambiri, njira yodutsa pakati pa ma windings ndi yosakwanira; ngati mtengo woyezera ndi 0 ohm, dera lalifupi - muzochitika zonsezi stator ndi yolakwika. Ngati ma alternator windings ali bwino, koma voteji ya alternator pa alternator ndi yotsika kwambiri, rotor mwina ndi demagnetized.

Woyang'anira / wokonzanso

Ngati magetsi omwe amayesedwa pa batri amaposa malire oyikika pagalimoto pomwe injini ikukula (kutengera mtundu wamagalimoto, voliyumu iyenera kukhala pakati pa 13,5 ndi 15 V), mphamvu ya kazembeyo ndiyolakwika (onani Gawo 1). kapena ikufunika kusinthidwanso.

Zitsanzo zakale komanso zapamwamba zokha zomwe zili ndi mtundu wowongolera uwu - ngati batire silinaperekedwe mokwanira ndipo miyeso yoyezera yamagetsi osasinthidwa ndi yolondola, muyenera kusinthanso.

Kuti muyese chokonzanso chimodzi, chotsani kaye pamagetsi amagetsi. Ikani multimeter kuti muyese kukana ndikusankha mtundu wa 200 ohms. Kenaka yesani kulimbana pakati pa waya wokonzanso pansi ndi kulumikizana konse ndi jenereta, komanso pakati pa chingwe chotulutsa chowonjezera ndi kulumikizana konse mbali zonse (kotero polarity iyenera kusinthidwa kamodzi molingana).

Muyenera kuyeza mtengo wotsika mbali imodzi ndi mtengo osachepera kakhumi kuposa winayo (onani Chithunzi 10). Ngati muyesa mtengo womwewo munjira zonsezo ndi njira yolumikizira (mwachitsanzo, ngakhale utasinthidwa polarity), wokonzanso ndi wolakwika ndipo ayenera kusinthidwa.

Kuyang'ana wopanga ndalama

Magudumu osonkhetsa samapereka zamakono kudzera kumaginito okhazikika, koma chifukwa cha ma elekitiromagnetism azokoka zakunja. Zamakono zimachotsedwa kwa osonkhanitsa ozungulira ndi maburashi a kaboni. Jenereta yamtunduwu nthawi zonse imawuma, mwina mbali ya crankshaft ndi kazembe wakunja, kapena ngati gawo loyimirira lokha, lomwe nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi kazembe wofunikira. Nthawi zambiri, zolakwitsa zimayamba chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kapena kuwoloka komwe kumachitika chifukwa chothamangitsa mozungulira kapena kupsinjika kwamatenthedwe. Maburashi a kaboni ndi osonkhanitsa amatopa pakapita nthawi.

Disassemble generator with many manfolds, especially from a motorcycle, asanayang'ane ambiri (chotsani batri kaye) kenako ndikuwadula.

Mphamvu zamagetsi zosakwanira zimatha kuyambitsidwa, mwachitsanzo, ndi kuvala kwa wokhometsa. Chifukwa chake, yambani kuyang'ana mphamvu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi akasupe a burashi, ndiye kutalika kwa maburashi a kaboni (sinthanitsani magawo obvala ngati kuli kofunikira). Sambani zobwezedwa ndi mafuta kapena mabuleki zotsukira (degreased); ngati kuli kotheka, kambiranani ndi pepala lokongola la emery. Kutalika kwa poyambira kwa wokhometsa kuyenera kukhala pakati pa 0,5 ndi 1 mm. ; ngati kuli kotheka, ayambitseni ndi mpeni wa macheka kapena sinthanitsani ndi malembedwe ozungulira pamene malire azovala afikika kale.

Kuti muwone kutalika kwaufupi mpaka pansi ndi kutseguka kwa stator, ikani multimeter kuti muyese kukana ndikusankha muyeso wa 200 ohms. Gwirani chiwongolero cha mayeso musanayambe kuyeserera pambuyo polowera m'munda motsatana - muyenera kuyeza kukana kochepa (<1 ohm; onani buku la eni ake lachitsanzo chagalimoto yanu kuti mupeze mtengo wake weniweni). Ngati kutsutsa kuli kwakukulu, dera limasokonezedwa. Kuti muyese zazifupi mpaka pansi, sankhani mulingo wapamwamba kwambiri (Ω). Kanikizani chiwongolero chofiira motsutsana ndi mafunde a stator ndi kuyesa kwakuda kuwongolera nyumba (pansi). Muyenera kuyeza kukana kopanda malire; mwinamwake, dera lalifupi mpaka pansi (lalifupi). Tsopano yesani kukana pakati pa masamba awiri a rotor commutator, motsatana, ndi zonse zomwe zingatheke (kuyezetsa: wina 200 ohms). Kukana kochepa kuyenera kuyesedwa nthawi zonse (kuchuluka kwake nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa 2 ndi 4 ohms; onani bukhu lokonzekera lolingana ndi chitsanzo cha galimoto yanu kuti mupeze mtengo weniweni); ikakhala ziro, dera lalifupi limachitika; ngati kukana kuli kwakukulu, dera limasokonezedwa ndipo rotor iyenera kusinthidwa.

Kuti muyese zazifupi mpaka pansi, sankhaninso mulingo wapamwamba kwambiri (Ω). Gwirani chiwongolero chofiyira motsutsana ndi lamella pamitundu yambiri ndi kuyesa kwakuda kutsogolere pa axis (nthaka) motsatana. Muyenera kuyeza kukana kosatha molingana; mwinamwake, dera lalifupi kupita pansi (rotor yolakwika).

Simusowa kuti mutsegule zobwezerani zingapo zomwe mwasonkhana. kumapeto kwa crankshaft kuti ayang'ane. Kuti muwone zobwezedwa, zozungulira ndi stator, zonse muyenera kuchita ndikulumikiza batiri ndikuchotsa chivundikirocho.

Zochulukirazo zilibe ma grooves. Kugwira ntchito molakwika kwa jenereta kumatha kubwera chifukwa cha kuipitsidwa kwamafuta m'mabwinja, mabasiketi owonongeka a kaboni, kapena akasupe oponderezana. Chipinda cha jenereta chiyenera kukhala chopanda mafuta a injini kapena madzi amvula (sinthanitsani ma gaskets oyenera ngati kuli kofunikira). Chongani stator kumulowetsa lotseguka kapena lalifupi pansi mu kugwirizana kugwirizana waya monga tafotokozera pamwambapa. Yang'anani mozungulira ma rotor pakati pamiyala iwiri yamkuwa ya wokhometsa (pitilizani monga tafotokozera). Muyenera kuyeza kutsutsana kotsika (pafupifupi 2 mpaka 6 ohms; onani buku lowerengera pamtundu wamagalimoto anu molondola); ikakhala zero, dera lalifupi limachitika; pa kukana kwambiri, ndi kumulowetsa yopuma. Kumbali inayi, kulimbana komwe kumayesedwa motsutsana ndi nthaka kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kwambiri.

Woyang'anira / wokonzanso : onani gawo 2.

Ngati chosinthacho chili ndi vuto, muyenera kulingalira ngati kuli koyenera kukakonzekera ku msonkhano wapadera kapena kugula gawo loyambirira, kapena ngati mungapeze gawo logwiritsidwa ntchito. Ntchito / kuyang'aniridwa ndi chitsimikizo kuchokera kwa omwe akupereka ... nthawi zina zimakhala bwino kufananiza mitengo.

Kuyang'ana dera loyatsira batire - tiyeni tiyambe

01 - Ma coil poyatsira moto, spark plug lead, zingwe zoyatsira moto, ma spark plugs

Ngati njinga yamoto sakufuna kuyambitsa pomwe oyambira ayipitsa injini ndikusakanikirana kwa mafuta ndi mpweya mu injini ndikolondola (pulagi yamoto imanyowa), vuto limabwera chifukwa cha kusayenda bwino kwa magetsi a injini. ... Ngati pali mphamvu yamagetsi yotsika pang'ono kapena yopanda mphamvu konse, choyamba yang'anani kulumikizana kwa waya, mapulagi, ndi ma plug a plug. Ndibwino kuti musinthe ma plugs akale kwambiri, ma terminals ndi zingwe zoyatsira mwachindunji. Gwiritsani ntchito mapulagi amtundu wa iridium poyambira magwiridwe antchito (kuyaka kwamphamvu kwaulere, pulagi yamphamvu kwambiri). Ngati thupi la coil lili ndimizere ing'onoing'ono yomwe imawoneka yopsa, iyi itha kukhala mizere yotayikira chifukwa cha kuipitsidwa kapena kutopa kwa zinthu za koyilo (kuyeretsa kapena kusintha).

Chinyezi chitha kulowanso koyilo yoyatsira kudzera ming'alu yosawoneka ndikupangitsa ma circuits afupikitsa. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti ma coil akale oyatsira amalephera injini ikatentha ndipo amayambiranso kugwira ntchito ikangoyamba kuzizira, ndiye kuti zonse zomwe muyenera kuchita ndikusintha zinthu.

Kuti muwone ngati moto wayaka bwino, mutha kuwona ngati pali poyatsira ndi woyesa.

Kuthetheka kukakhala kolimba mokwanira, kuyenera kuyenda osachepera 5-7mm kuchokera pa waya woyatsira mpaka pansi (pomwe koyilo ndiyabwino, kuthetheka kumatha kuyenda osachepera 10mm). ... Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti tulole kuyaka pansi kwa injini popanda woyeserera kuti asawononge bokosi loyatsira komanso kupewa ngozi yamagetsi mukamagwira chingwe m'manja mwanu.

Mphamvu yoyatsira moto yocheperako (makamaka m'magalimoto akale) imatha kufotokozedwa ndi kutsika kwamagetsi pagawo loyatsira (mwachitsanzo ngati waya wachita dzimbiri - onani pansipa kuti mutsimikizire). Ngati mukukayika, timalimbikitsa kuti zoyatsira ziwunikidwe ndi akatswiri ophunzirira.

02 - Bokosi lamoto

Ngati mapulagi, mapulagi omangoyaka, ma coil oyatsira moto, ndi zolumikizira ma waya zili bwino pomwe kuthetheka kukusowa, ndiye kuti poyatsira bokosi kapena zoyendetsa zake ndizolakwika (onani pansipa). Bokosi loyatsira, mwatsoka, ndichinthu chodula kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa mu garaja yapadera pogwiritsa ntchito woyeserera wapadera. Kunyumba, mutha kungoyang'ana ngati kulumikizana kwa chingwe kuli bwino.

Pini yoloza, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakwezedwa pagazini ya crankshaft ndikuyambitsa koilo yokhala ndi jenereta ya pulse ("slip coil"), imatumiza kugunda kwamagetsi amagetsi. Mutha kuwona coil wokhometsa ndi multimeter.

Sankhani muyeso wa 2 kΩ kuti muyese kukana. Lumikizani koyilo yotsetsereka, kanikizani nsonga zoyezera motsatizana ndi zolumikizira ndikuyerekeza mtengo woyezedwa ndi buku lokonzekera la mtundu wagalimoto yanu. Kukaniza komwe kuli kwakukulu kumasonyeza kusokonezeka, ndipo kukana komwe kuli kochepa kwambiri kumasonyeza dera lalifupi. Kenako ikani ma multimeter anu kukhala 2MΩ osiyanasiyana ndikuyesa kukana pakati pa mafunde ndi pansi - ngati si "zopanda malire" ndiye zazifupi mpaka pansi ndipo koyilo iyenera kusinthidwa.

Kuyang'ana dera loyambira - tiyeni tipite

01 - Kuwombera koyambira

Ngati mukumva kuwonekera kapena kung'ung'udza pamene mukuyesera kuyambitsa, pamene choyambira sichikugwedeza injini ndipo batire ili ndi mphamvu, choyambira chimakhala choipa. Woyambira amatha kutulutsa mawaya ndi chosinthira choyambira. Kuti muwone, chotsani cholumikizira. Khazikitsani ma multimeter kuti muyeze kukana (muyezo: 200 ohms). Lumikizani mayeso amatsogolera ku cholumikizira wandiweyani pa batire ndi cholumikizira chakuda mpaka choyambira. Gwirani kulumikiza kochotsa kwa batire ya 12V yodzaza kwathunthu kumbali yoyipa ya cholumikizira (onani Chithunzi cha Wiring cha mtundu wanjinga yamoto) ndi kulumikizana kwabwino kumbali yabwino ya relay (onani Chithunzi cha Wiring - nthawi zambiri kulumikizana ndi batani loyambira) .

Relay iyenera tsopano "kudina" ndipo muyenera kuyeza 0 ohms.

Ngati kukana kuli kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa 0 ohms, kulandirana ndikulakwitsa ngakhale kutuluka. Ngati kulandirana sikukutha, kuyeneranso kusinthidwa. Ngati mungapeze zosintha mu bukhu la msonkhano wa mtundu wamagalimoto anu, mutha kuwunikanso kulimbana kwamkati kwa kulandirana ndi ohmmeter. Kuti muchite izi, gwirani nsonga zoyeserera za woyesayo pazolumikizana ndendende ndikuwerenga mtengo.

02 - Woyamba

Ngati sitata sichigwira ntchito ndi sitata yoyambira yogwira ntchito ndi batire lokwanira, yang'anani batani loyambira; pa magalimoto akale, kukhudzana nthawi zambiri kumasokonekera chifukwa cha dzimbiri. Poterepa, tsambulani pamwamba ndi sandpaper ndi kutsitsi pang'ono. Fufuzani batani loyambira poyesa kulimbana ndi multimeter ndikumangirira chingwe. Ngati muyesa kulimbana kwakukulu kuposa 0 ohms, kusinthana sikugwira ntchito (konzaninso, kenako muyesenso).

Kuti muwone sitata, yikani pa njinga yamoto (chotsani batri), kenako nkusokoneze.

Yambani poyang'ana mphamvu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi akasupe a burashi ndi kutalika kwa burashi ya kaboni (sinthanitsani maburashi obvala). Sambani zobwezedwa ndi mafuta kapena mabuleki zotsukira (degreased); ngati kuli kotheka, kambiranani ndi pepala lokongola la emery.

Kutalika kwa poyambira kwa wokhometsa kuyenera kukhala pakati pa 0,5 ndi 1 mm. ; dulani ndi tsamba locheka ngati kuli kofunikira (kapena sinthanitsani ndi rotor).

Kuti muwone ngati pali kanthawi kochepa komanso kotseguka, choyamba yesani njira yoyeserera yosinthira: choyamba ikani multimeter pamayeso a 200 ohms ndikuyezera kulimbana pakati pa masamba awiri a osonkhanitsa ozungulira ndi zophatikiza zonse zotheka.

Kukana kochepa kuyenera kuyesedwa nthawi zonse (<1 ohm - tchulani bukhu lokonzekera lachitsanzo cha galimoto yanu pamtengo weniweni).

Pamene kutsutsa kuli kwakukulu, dera limasweka ndipo rotor imalephera. Kenako sankhani muyeso wofikira 2 MΩ pa multimeter. Gwirani chiwongolero chofiyira motsutsana ndi lamella pamitundu yambiri ndi kuyesa kwakuda kutsogolere pa axis (nthaka) motsatana. Muyenera kuyeza kukana kosatha molingana; Apo ayi, dera lalifupi kupita pansi limapezeka ndipo rotor ilinso yolakwika.

Ngati sitata stator ili ndi zokutira m'munda m'malo mwa maginito okhazikika, onaninso kuti palibe gawo lalifupi mpaka pansi (ngati kulimbana pakati pa nthaka ndi kumunda sikungokhala kopanda malire, sinthani kumulowetsa) ndikuyang'ana kotseguka. (Kulimbikira mkati kumulowetsa kuyenera kukhala kotsika, onani pamwambapa).

Kuyang'ana ma waya, masiwichi, ndi zina zotero - Tiyeni Tipite

01 - Zosinthira, zolumikizira, maloko oyatsira, ma waya

Kwa zaka zambiri, dzimbiri ndi kuipitsidwa kungayambitse kukana kwambiri kudutsa zolumikizira ndi masiwichi, ma waya omwe "atsekeredwa" (owonongeka) ndi oyendetsa bwino. Zoyipa kwambiri, izi "zimayimitsa" gawolo, pomwe kuwonongeka kocheperako kumachepetsa magwiridwe antchito a ogula, monga kuyatsa kapena kuyatsa, mokulira kapena kuchepera. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokwanira kuyang'anira zigawozo kuti ziwonedwe: zolumikizira zowonongeka ndi zolumikizana ndi nkhungu pa masiwichi ziyenera kutsukidwa ndi kuzipala kapena kuzipanga mchenga, ndikuziphatikizanso pambuyo pothira pang'ono. Sinthani zingwe ndi waya wobiriwira. Pa njinga yamoto, chingwe choyezera chingwe cha 1,5 nthawi zambiri chimakhala chokwanira, chingwe chachikulu chachikulu chiyenera kukhala chokulirapo pang'ono, cholumikizira cha batri ku choyambira choyambira ndi chingwe choyambira chimakhala ndi miyeso yapadera.

Kuyesa kwamayeso kumapereka chidziwitso chotsimikizika chazomwe zimachitika. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani batiri, ikani multimeter pamayeso 200 Ohm, pezani maupangiri oyeserera motsutsana ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tolumikizira kapena cholumikizira (sinthani malo ogwirira ntchito). Miyeso yolimbirana yoposa 0 ohms imawonetsa zolakwika, kuipitsidwa, kapena kuwonongeka.

Muyezo wa kutsika kwa magetsi umaperekanso chidziwitso cha mphamvu ya gawolo. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani muyeso wa 20 V (DC voltage) pa multimeter. Lumikizani zingwe zabwino ndi zoipa kwa wogula, gwirani nsonga yakuda yoyezera pa chingwe chotsutsa ndi nsonga yofiira pa chingwe chamagetsi chabwino. Mphamvu yamagetsi ya 12,5 volts iyenera kuyeza (ngati kuli kotheka, mphamvu ya batri siinachepe) - zotsika zikuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa zotayika.

02 - Mafunde akutuluka

Simunatulutse njinga yamoto yanu masiku angapo ndipo batire latulutsidwa kale? Wogwiritsa ntchito wochenjera ndiye ali ndi vuto (mwachitsanzo, wotchi yoyendetsedwa ndi netiweki), kapena kutulutsa kwakanthawi kukutulutsa bateri yanu. Kutulutsa koteroko kungachitike, mwachitsanzo, chifukwa cha chiwongolero, chosinthira cholakwika, kulandirana, kapena chingwe chomwe chakakamira kapena kutha chifukwa chotsutsana. Kuti mudziwe kutayikira kwamakono, yesani zomwe zikuchitika ndi multimeter.

Kumbukirani kuti kuti mupewe kutenthedwa, ndizoletsedwa kutulutsa ma multimeter pazomwe zilipo zoposa 10 A (onani Malangizo a Chitetezo ku www.louis-moto.fr). Chifukwa chake, ndizoletsedwa kuyeza kuchuluka kwa chingwe cholowera kumayendedwe oyambira, pa chingwe cholimba cha batri kulumikizana ndi sitata yoyambira kapena jenereta!

Choyamba zimitsani poyatsira, ndiyeno kusagwirizana chingwe negative ku batire. Sankhani muyeso wa milliamp pa multimeter. Gwirani chiyeso chofiyira pa chingwe chopanda chingwe cholumikizidwa ndi choyesa chakuda pa batire yolakwika. Pamene mphamvu ikuyesedwa, izi zimatsimikizira kukhalapo kwa mpweya wotuluka.

Zolakwa zambiri

Kodi mchira wanu umawalira pang'onopang'ono mukayatsa siginecha yanu? Ntchito zamagetsi sizikugwira ntchito mokwanira? Misa yagalimoto yanu mwina ndiyolakwika. Nthawi zonse onetsetsani kuti chingwe cha pansi komanso cholumikizira chimalumikizidwa bwino ndi batri. Dzimbiri (lomwe silimawoneka nthawi zonse nthawi yomweyo) pamapeto pake lingayambitsenso mavuto olumikizana nawo. Chotsani zodetsa zakuda zotsogola ndi mpeni wothandiza. Kuwala coating kuyanika mafuta kudwala amateteza dzimbiri zinabadwa.

Kuti mupeze gwero, chotsani ma fuse pa njinga yamoto nthawi imodzi. Dera lamagetsi lomwe lama fuyusi ake "amalepheretsa" mita ndiyomwe imayambitsa kutuluka kwanthawi ndipo iyenera kufufuzidwa mosamala.

Malangizo a bonasi kwa okonda DIY enieni

Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika gawo loyendetsa

Chowongolera chazowongolera sichinapangidwe kuti chikhale ndi vuto la ogwiritsa ntchito magetsi osiyanasiyana. Komabe, imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zina zamoto. Ngakhale kunyamula kumagwira ntchito yabwino kwambiri pochita izi, sizabwino. Nthawi zina, mpangidwe wa 10 A kapena kupitilirapo ukhoza kupangika, kupangitsa mayendedwe kukhala ofunda ndikupanga ma welds ang'onoang'ono pamipira ndi ma roller. Chodabwitsa ichi chimakulitsa kuvala. Kuti muthane ndi vutoli, yendetsani waya wochepa kuchokera pa pulagi kupita pachimango. Vutoli lathetsedwa!

... Ndipo injini imayima pakati potembenukira

izi zitha kuchitika pomwe kachipangizo kameneka kayambitsidwa. Izi nthawi zambiri zimazimitsa injini pokhapokha pangozi. Chojambulira chamtunduwu chimagwiritsidwa ntchito panjinga zamoto zosiyanasiyana. Kusintha kwa magalimoto amenewa ndi msonkhano wosayenera kumatha kubweretsa zovuta zina zomwe zitha kukhala zowopsa. Amatha kubweretsa imfa.

Zolumikiza za pulagi ziyenera kukhala zopanda madzi.

Mwachilungamo, zolumikizira ma plug zomwe sizikhala zopanda madzi zimapangitsa kusiyana kwakukulu. M'nyengo youma ndi yotentha, amatha kugwira ntchito yawo bwino. Koma nyengo yamvula ndi yamphepo, zinthu zimakhala zovuta! Chifukwa chake, pazifukwa zachitetezo, ndibwino kuti m'malo mwa zolumikizazo musakhale madzi. Ngakhale mkati komanso mutatha kusamba bwino!

Louis Tech Center

Pamafunso onse amisili okhudza njinga yamoto yanu, lemberani malo athu aluso. Kumeneku mudzapeza kulumikizana kwa akatswiri, ma adilesi ndi ma adilesi osatha.

Maliko!

Malangizo pamakina amapereka malangizo omwe sangakhudze magalimoto onse kapena zinthu zonse. Nthawi zina, zatsambali zimatha kusiyanasiyana kwambiri. Ichi ndichifukwa chake sitingapange chitsimikizo pakulondola kwa malangizo omwe aperekedwa pakuwongolera kwamakina.

Zikomo chifukwa chakumvetsa kwanu.