Tanki yayikulu M6
Tanki yayikulu M6Heavy Tank T1.
Pakulankhulana kwakunja, wayilesi idayikidwa, panalinso intercom ya tank. Mapangidwe ake onse adalephera: zida, zofooka za thanki yolemera, kuyenda kochepa, kutalika kwambiri. Zotsatira zake, matanki pafupifupi 40 amtunduwu adapangidwa, ndipo akasinja a M26 adagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati olemera kwakanthawi.
Kumapeto kwa May 1940, Chief of Staff of the Infantry, akadali woyang'anira nkhani za akasinja mu US Army, anakonza zofunika magalimoto m'tsogolo chifukwa cha zochitika ku Ulaya, kumene asilikali a Germany anadutsa France mofulumira, kusonyeza bwino mmene. kugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto ankhondo. Nthawi yomweyo, akasinja angapo a Wehrmacht PzIV okhala ndi mizinga 75-mm adawonekera, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti magalimoto aku America okhala ndi mizinga 37-mm zisagwire ntchito. Kumayambiriro kwa June, zofunikira zogwirizana zinalandiridwa ndi ATC ndipo zinayambitsa lingaliro la mitundu iwiri ya akasinja. Mmodzi wa iwo anali M2A1, koma ndi mizinga 75 mamilimita, ndi MZ analengedwa kukhala lingaliro limeneli pa miyezi iwiri yotsatira.
Mtundu watsopano wachiwiri uyenera kukhala wolemera mu kalasi yolemera ya matani 80, mu phunziro loyamba ukanakhala ndi turrets ziwiri zokhala ndi mizinga 75 mm ndi ngodya yochepa yowombera, ma turrets awiri ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi cannon 37 mm mkati mwake, kuwonjezera 20 mm mfuti zamakina ndi 7,62 mm. Makulidwe ochepa a zida zankhondo malinga ndi mapulaniwo adafika 75 mm. Zofunikira izi zidasinthidwa posakhalitsa, kutanthauza kuyika mfuti yokulirapo m'chombocho, ndi mamilimita 37 ndi 50-mm kuphatikiza mfuti zisanu ndi zitatu mu turret. Zonsezi zinkawoneka ngati mtundu wokulirapo wa tanki ya M3.
Komabe, pofika mu October 1940, pamene ATS anali kumaliza kulinganiza koyambirira kwa thanki lolemera la T1, zofunikira zosinthidwa zaluso ndi luso zimaperekedwa kwa galimoto yolemera pafupifupi matani 50 "ochepa" okhala ndi zida za 75 mm, ndi mfuti 37 mm. mapasa mu turret, mfuti zinayi zamakina, injini ya Wright 925HP, kufala kwa Hydromatic ndi liwiro lapamwamba la 25 mph. Mu February 1941, kumanga magalimoto anayi oyesera kunaloledwa, pamene adakonzekera kupanga magalimoto 100 pamwezi.
Ma prototypes anayi adayenera kukhala ndi ma transmition osiyanasiyana ndi ma hull kuti asankhe njira yabwino kwambiri yopangira misa. T1E1 amayenera kukhala ndi thupi loponyedwa ndi kufala kwa magetsi, T1E2 - thupi loponyedwa ndi chosinthira makokedwe, T1E3 - thupi lopangidwa ndi torque, ndi T1E4 - thupi lopangidwa ndi injini ziwiri za dizilo ndi otembenuza makokedwe. Njira yomaliza idasiyidwa ndipo mu Marichi 1944 ntchitoyi idaimitsidwa. Mu July 1944, pamene kufunikira kwa akasinja olemera mu European Theatre of Operations kunawonekeranso, M6A2 imodzi inasinthidwa mwa kuika turret ndi mfuti ya 105-mm. Zinakonzedwa kuti zipereke 15 М6А2 ndi mfuti za 105-mm ku Ulaya, koma lingaliro silinavomerezedwe, ndipo ntchitoyi inaimitsidwa. Tanki yosinthidwa motere idasankhidwa M16A2E1. Mu December 1944, mndandanda wa M6 unanenedwa kuti ulibe ntchito.
M6A2E1, komanso makina achiwiri otembenuzidwa mofanana pakati pa 1945, adagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyesa mfuti, phiri lamfuti, zida ndi makonzedwe amkati a chipinda chomenyera nkhondo ya T29 yolemera kwambiri ndi mfuti ya 105 mm. Panthawi ya chitukuko, M6 idali thanki yolemera kwambiri komanso yokhala ndi zida zamphamvu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, posakhalitsa idadutsa magalimoto ena amtundu womwewo. Chiphunzitso cha zida zankhondo zaku America m'zaka zoyambilira za nkhondoyo zidatsatira chitsanzo cha Germany ndikuyang'ana magalimoto othamanga, kotero kuti mu 1942 akasinja olemera sanadzutse chidwi kwambiri ndi zida zankhondo. Koma chodabwitsa chinali chakuti pamene asilikali a Germany ndi America anamenyana mu 1944, Germany anali atatembenukira kale ku akasinja olemera a Tiger kapena Panther. Panthawiyi, M6 inali itachoka kale ndipo M26 yatsopano inali kupangidwa kuchokera ku banja la T20 la akasinja apakati. Pa M6, njira zopangira zidayesedwa, monga kufala kwa Torkyumatic ndi mawilo oyendetsa kumbuyo.
Mgwirizano wopanga ma prototypes adaperekedwa kwa Baldwin, ndipo T1E2 yoyamba idamalizidwa mu Disembala 1941, tsiku lotsatira kuukira kwa Pearl Harbor. Mayeso ku Aberdeen Proving Ground adawulula kufunikira kokonzanso mabuleki owongolera ndi kuziziritsa. Pamene ntchito imeneyi bwinobwino anamaliza mu April 1942, ndi T1E2 anaikidwa mu utumiki pansi pa dzina Mb. Pakadali pano, T1E3 idayesedwa, yomwe idatengedwa ngati M6A1, yomwe idasiyanitsidwa panja ndi chotchinga chowotcherera. Chomaliza chomwe chinasonkhanitsidwa chinali T1E1, chomwe chinakonzedwa kuti chiyesedwe (ku Fort Knox) pofika June 1943, koma sichinayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ngakhale kuti M6A2 imatchulidwa kawirikawiri.
Ma prototypes oyamba atayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito mchaka cha 1942, ATS idakonza zopanga magalimoto opitilira 250 pamwezi, kulumikiza zida zankhondo za Grand Blanc (kampani ya Fischer) ndi Baldwin ngati kontrakitala wachiwiri. Kwa America, awa anali masiku avuto, pomwe pulezidenti wa "Victory Program" adafuna kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa asilikali ndi kuyesayesa kwakukulu pa zomangamanga. Pofika September 1942, pulogalamu yatsopano yoperekera asilikali inakhazikitsidwa, yomwe ndalama zomanga akasinja zinadulidwa pofuna kuwonjezera kupanga ndege zankhondo. M6 idakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi njirayi ndipo mapulani opangira adachepetsedwa kuchoka pa 5000 mpaka 115.
Pakadali pano, kulamula kwa asitikali ankhondo, atayesa M6, mu lipoti la Disembala 7, 1942, adazindikira kuti sizinapambane - zolemetsa, zopanda zida, zowoneka bwino - ndipo adafuna kupititsa patsogolo kufalikira. Chifukwa cha zophophonya izi ndi mphamvu momveka bwino zochepa nkhondo M6, sanaone kufunika kuyitanitsa akasinja lolemera la chitsanzo ichi. Ndiye mu March 1943, ATS anachepetsa dongosolo kwa magalimoto 40 - 8 MB, 12 M6A1 ndi 20 M6A2. Zonsezi zidamangidwa ndi Baldwin kuyambira Novembala 1942 mpaka February 1944. Magalimoto amtundu wa M6 sanagwiritsidwepo ntchito pomenya nkhondo, koma pophunzitsa komanso kuyesa ntchito. Makhalidwe aukadaulo ndiukadaulo:
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M6 thanki anapangidwa mndandanda ang'onoang'ono mu 1941 ndi 1942. Zidazo zinali ndi mfuti ziwiri za 76,2-mm ndi 37-mm, mfuti ziwiri zamakina zolemetsa komanso mfuti yolimbana ndi ndege. M'kati mwa makinawo, mawiri ang'onoang'ono 8 a mawilo otsekedwa adagwiritsidwa ntchito pabwalo ndi kuyimitsidwa kokhala ndi akasupe opindika. Thankiyo idapangidwa ndi masinthidwe osiyanasiyana: kusinthidwa koyambira kwa MB kunali ndi chojambula, pomwe zosintha za M6A1 ndi M6A2 zinali ndi chiboliboli chowotcherera. Pa M6 ndi M6A1, mtundu wamagetsi wa hydromechanical unayikidwa, ndipo pa M6A2, magetsi. Tanki turret imayikidwa. Kulinganiza dongosolo la mfuti zamapasa, mbali yakumbuyo ya turret idatalikitsidwa. Turret ili ndi kapu ya olamulira okhala ndi zida zowonera komanso bulaketi yamfuti yamakina odana ndi ndege.
