Pedal yolimba kapena yofewa. Chifukwa chake ndi chotani

Dongosolo la braking ndi gawo lofunikira pagalimoto iliyonse. Okonza magalimoto amasamalira kwambiri mabuleki, pozindikira kuti chitetezo pamsewu ndi miyoyo ya anthu zimadalira ntchito yawo yabwino. Mabuleki a magalimoto amakono ndi odalirika, komabe, tisaiwale kuti mbali iliyonse yogwira ntchito imagonjetsedwa ndi makina, matenthedwe, mankhwala ndi mitundu ina ya katundu, motero amatha ndipo akhoza kulephera. Mbali za ma brake system ndizosiyana, pokhapokha ngati mtengo wa zowonongeka ukhoza kukhala wokwera kwambiri.

Zizindikiro zina zomwe zimawonekera panthawi ya braking zimatha kuchenjeza kuti pali vuto ndi mabuleki - kumveka kopitilira muyeso kapena kugwedezeka kwamphamvu, kukokera m'mbali mwagalimoto, kusalinganika kapena kuchepa kwachangu kwa mabuleki komanso mtunda wokwera kwambiri.

Koma chinthu choyamba chomwe amatchera khutu ndi machitidwe a brake pedal. Itha kukhala yolimba kwambiri, kotero kuti iyenera kukanikizidwa ndi mphamvu, kapena, m'malo mwake, imatha kukhala yofewa kwambiri, kapena kulephera kwathunthu. Zonsezi complicates kukhazikitsa mabuleki ndipo zingabweretse mavuto aakulu. Zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro zotere komanso momwe angachitire zinthu ngati izi, ndipo tidzakambirana mwatsatanetsatane.

Zimachitika kuti chopondapo chopondera cholimba kwambiri chingakhale mawonekedwe amitundu ina yamagalimoto. Nuance iyi iyenera kumveka bwino ngati mwangogula galimoto kapena mukuyiyesa musanagule.

Ngati zonse zinali bwino, koma nthawi ina munawona kuti chopondapo mwadzidzidzi chinakhala "chamatabwa" ndipo muyenera kukakamiza ndi khama lalikulu, ndiye kuti kulephera kumagwira ntchito kumakhudzana ndi chowonjezera cha vacuum brake. Ndi chipangizochi chomwe chapangidwa kuti chichepetse mphamvu zolimbitsa thupi zomwe zimafunikira pakuwotcha.

Kumasuka kwa kukanikiza pedal kumachitika chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya ndi zipinda za vacuum za amplifier. Pakati pa zipinda pali diaphragm yokhala ndi ndodo yomwe imakankhira pisitoni ya silinda yaikulu ya brake (MBC), yomwe, imapopera mu mizere ya dongosolo ndi kupitirira. Vacuum mu chipinda chopumuliramo amapangidwa ndi pampu yamagetsi, ndipo mu injini zoyatsira zamkati za petulo gwero la vacuum nthawi zambiri limakhala lochulukirapo.

Mu gawo loyambirira, makamera amalumikizidwa wina ndi mnzake. Pamene pedal ikanikizidwa, chipinda cha vacuum chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi gwero la vacuum kudzera mu valve yowunikira, ndipo chipinda cha mumlengalenga chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mlengalenga kudzera mu valve ya mpweya. Zotsatira zake, diaphragm yokhala ndi ndodo imakokedwa m'chipinda cha vacuum. Chifukwa chake, mphamvu yofunika kukanikiza pisitoni ya GTZ imachepetsedwa. Vacuum amplifier imatha kupangidwa ngati chinthu chosiyana kapena kupanga gawo limodzi ndi GTZ.

Chinthu chomwe chili pachiwopsezo kwambiri pano ndi payipi ya rabara yomwe imalumikiza cholowera kuchipinda cholowera. Choncho, choyamba, kukhulupirika kwake kuyenera kuzindikiridwa ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, m'malo mwake.

Kuphwanya kukanika kumatha kutsagana ndi machitidwe osakhala anthawi zonse a injini yoyaka mkati mkati mwa braking - katatu, kuchuluka kapena kuchepa kwa liwiro. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuyamwa kwa mpweya kudzera pa hose yowonongeka ndi kulowa kwa chosakaniza chowonda mu masilinda a injini yoyaka mkati.

Ngati vacuum imapanga pampu ya vacuum, muyenera kudziwa momwe imagwirira ntchito.

Mu vacuum booster yokha, fyuluta ya mpweya ikhoza kutsekedwa, diaphragm ikhoza kuonongeka, kapena imodzi mwa mavavu akhoza kutaya kuyenda kwake.

Ngati ndi kotheka, mutha kugula yatsopano kapena kuyesa kukonza yomwe ilipo. Samalani pochotsa - pali kasupe mkati, komanso magawo angapo omwe ndi osavuta kutaya. Ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti pakukonzanso pambuyo pa kukonza sikutheka nthawi zonse kuonetsetsa kuti kukhazikika kumakhala kokwanira, motero kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa chipangizocho.

Mukalowa m'malo mwa vacuum booster, sikuyenera kusokoneza GTZ, chifukwa chake, palibe chifukwa chokhetsa magazi.

Mabuleki amathanso kukhala olimba chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa ma cuffs mu GTZ kapena masilinda ogwirira ntchito ndipo, chifukwa chake, kugunda kolimba kwa ma pistoni mwa iwo. Kuchiza ndikusintha mbali zowonongeka kapena masilinda okha.

Chinthu choyamba ndikuchita cheke. Onetsetsani kuti palibe kutayikira kwamadzimadzi a brake komanso kuti nyumba yolimbikitsayo ilibe vuto. zindikirani kukhulupirika kwa ma hoses ndi kulimba kwa kulumikizana kwawo ndi zolumikizira. Limbitsani zomangira ngati kuli kofunikira.

Kuyimba komwe kumachitika pakanikiziridwa ma brake pedal kungasonyeze kutayikira. Kuyimba koteroko nthawi zambiri kumakhalabe kwa nthawi yayitali injini itazimitsidwa, ndiyeno imatha kumveka bwino.

Pali njira zingapo zodziwira momwe vacuum amplifier imagwirira ntchito.

1. ICE iyenera kuyimitsidwa. Kanikizani ma brake pedal 6-7 motsatana kuti mufanane ndi kukanikiza m'zipinda zolimbikitsira, kenako ndikutsitsa brake njira yonse ndikuyambitsa injini pamalo awa. Ngati amplifier ikugwira ntchito, vacuum idzawonekera mu dongosolo. Chifukwa cha kupanikizika kwa nembanemba, tsinde lidzasuntha, kukoka pusher pamodzi ndi izo. Ndipo popeza chopondera chimalumikizidwa ndi pedal, chimatsika pang'ono, ndipo mutha kuchimva mosavuta ndi phazi lanu. Ngati izi sizichitika, ndiye kuti palibe vacuum mu dongosolo. Ngati mukukayika, yesani njira yachiwiri.

2. Yatsani injini, mulole kuti ikhale yopanda ntchito kwa mphindi zingapo, kenako muzimitsa. Kutsitsani kwathunthu brake kawiri kapena katatu ndikumasula chopondapo. Ngati chowonjezera cha vacuum chikugwira ntchito bwino ndipo palibe kuyamwa mpweya, ndiye kuti makina osindikizira amodzi kapena awiri adzakhala ofewa, ndipo zotsatira zake zidzakhala zolimba kwambiri. Ngati simukuwona kusiyana kulikonse pamayendedwe a pedal, ndiye kuti pali zovuta ndi amplifier.

3. Injini ikugwira ntchito, tsitsani chopondapo cha brake ndipo, mukachigwira, zimitsani injiniyo. Ngati tsopano muchotsa phazi lanu pa pedal, liyenera kukhala lotsika kwakanthawi, chifukwa cha vacuum yotsalayo mu chipinda chopumulira cha amplifier.

Ngati kukanikiza chopondapo kwakhala kofewa kwambiri, ndiye kuti pali thovu la mpweya mu ma hydraulics ndiyeno dongosolo liyenera kukhetsedwa, kapena kutayika kwamadzimadzi. Chinthu choyamba ndikuyang'ana mlingo wa brake fluid. Ngati ili pansi pa mlingo wovomerezeka, dongosolo la hydraulic liyenera kuzindikiridwa mosamala kuti likutuluka. Kuphwanya zolimba n'zotheka pa mphambano ya machubu ndi zovekera chifukwa bwino clamped clamps, ndi payipi okha akhoza kuonongeka. Madzi ogwira ntchito amathanso kutayika mu masilindala a ma wheel brake ngati zisindikizo zawonongeka. Kutayikirako kutatha kukonzedwa, padzakhalanso kofunikira kukhetsa magazi ma hydraulic a brake system kuti muchotse mpweya.

Ngati mabuleki amadzimadzi ndi abwino kwambiri, oipitsidwa kapena sanasinthe kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo ataya katundu wake, ndiye kuti kutentha panthawi ya braking mwadzidzidzi kumatha kuyambitsa kuwira, ndiyeno mabuleki amakhala "ubweya wa thonje". ndipo galimotoyo idzakhala yosayendetsedwa bwino. TJ yakale, yauve, kapena yosatsatira ingayambitse kugwidwa kwa silinda ya brake, kulephera kusindikiza, ndi mavuto ena. Mapeto ndi zoonekeratu - tcherani khutu mkhalidwe wa ananyema madzimadzi ndi kusintha mu nthawi yake.

Chifukwa chinanso cha kufewa kwa brake pedal ndi ma hoses, omwe amapangidwa ndi mphira ndikutha pakapita nthawi, kukhala omasuka. Kuthamanga kwa hydraulic kukachuluka panthawi ya braking, amangowonjezera. Zotsatira zake, mabuleki amakhala ofewa kwambiri, ndipo mabuleki sagwira ntchito.

Mawonekedwe owopsa komanso owopsa a mabuleki ofewa ndikulephera kwa pedal. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kutayikira kwakukulu kwa TJ kapena zolakwika mu O-rings mu GTZ.

Chopondaponda chofewa kwambiri, komanso kulephera kwake, kumafuna yankho lachangu pavutoli. Muyenera kusiya nthawi yomweyo, braking ndi injini kapena handbrake, ndiyeno kupeza ndi kukonza vuto.

Mavuto ena ndi ma brake system amathekanso - kuvala kapena kuthira mafuta, ma discs ndi ng'oma, kupanikizana kwa ma silinda amagudumu ndi owongolera. Koma chinthu chimodzi ndi chomveka - dongosolo braking amafuna maganizo kwambiri. Kuwunika pafupipafupi, kupewa komanso kusinthidwa kwa TJ, kuyankha mwachangu kumavuto komanso kuthetsa mavuto munthawi yake kudzakuthandizani kuti mukhale ndi chidaliro panjira ndikupewa zinthu zambiri zosasangalatsa komanso zoopsa.

Gwiritsani ntchito zida zapamwamba zokha, ndipo kuti musakumane ndi zabodza, ziguleni kwa odalirika.