Turbo m'galimoto. Mphamvu zambiri koma zovuta zambiri
Chiwerengero cha magalimoto okhala ndi turbocharger pansi pa hood chikukulirakulirabe. Timalangiza momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito galimoto yotereyi kuti tipewe kukonzanso kukonzanso kwamtengo wapatali.
Mitundu yambiri yamagalimoto atsopano imakhala ndi ma turbocharger. Compressor, i.e. mechanical compressors, ndizochepa. Ntchito ya onse awiri ndikukakamiza mpweya wowonjezera momwe mungathere mu chipinda choyaka cha injini. Mukasakaniza ndi mafuta, izi zimabweretsa mphamvu zowonjezera.
Chinthu china, zotsatira zofanana
Mu kompresa ndi turbocharger, rotor ili ndi udindo wopereka mpweya wowonjezera. Komabe, apa ndi pamene kufanana pakati pa zipangizo ziwirizi kumathera. Compressor yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito, mwa zina ku Mercedes, imayendetsedwa ndi torque kuchokera ku crankshaft, yofalitsidwa ndi lamba. Gasi wotulutsa kuchokera pakuyatsa amayendetsa turbocharger. Mwanjira imeneyi, makina a turbocharged amakakamiza mpweya wambiri kulowa mu injini, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti injiniyo ikhale ndi mphamvu komanso kuchita bwino. Onse ma boost systems ali ndi ubwino ndi kuipa kwawo. Tidzamva kusiyana pakuyendetsa ndi imodzi kapena imzake pafupifupi mutangokhazikitsa. Injini yokhala ndi compressor imakulolani kuti mupitirizebe kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu, kuyambira pa liwiro lotsika. M'galimoto ya turbo, tingadalire zotsatira za kuyendetsa pampando. The turbine imathandizira kufikitsa torque yapamwamba pa rpm yotsika kuposa mayunitsi omwe amafunidwa mwachilengedwe. Izi zimapangitsa injini kukhala yamphamvu kwambiri. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, kuti athetse zofooka za njira zonse ziwirizi, akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri panthawi imodzi. Kulimbitsa injini ndi turbocharger ndi kompresa kumapewa zotsatira za turbo lag, ndiye kuti, dontho la torque mutasunthira ku giya yapamwamba.
Makina opangira magetsi ndi owopsa kuposa kompresa
Kugwira ntchito kwa kompresa sikovuta. Amatengedwa ngati chipangizo chaulere. Inde, zimayika zovuta pa injini, koma ngati tisamala kuti tisinthe fyuluta ya mpweya ndikuyendetsa lamba nthawi zonse, pali mwayi woti udzakhalapo m'galimoto yathu kwa zaka zikubwerazi. Kulephera kofala kwambiri ndi vuto la kunyamula rotor. Nthawi zambiri amatha ndi kusinthika kwa kompresa kapena kusinthidwa ndi yatsopano.
Pankhani ya turbine, zinthu ndi zosiyana. Kumbali imodzi, sikunyamula injini, chifukwa imayendetsedwa ndi mphamvu ya mpweya wotulutsa mpweya. Koma momwe amagwirira ntchito amawonetsa kuti ali ndi katundu wambiri chifukwa chogwira ntchito pa kutentha kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudikirira mphindi zingapo kuti injiniyo izizizire musanayambe kuzimitsa injini yokhala ndi turbocharger. Kupanda kutero, kuwonongeka kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana kumatha kuchitika, kuphatikiza kusewera mu rotor yonyamula, kutayikira, komanso, chifukwa chake, mafuta a dongosolo loyamwa. Kenako turbine iyenera kusinthidwa ndi yatsopano kapena kusinthidwanso.
Kukonza Turbocharger - kusinthika kapena kusintha?
Mitundu yambiri imapereka ma turbocharger opangidwanso. Mtengo wa chigawo choterocho ndi wotsika kuposa chatsopano. Mwachitsanzo, pa mtundu wotchuka wa Ford Focus, mtengo wa turbocharger watsopano ndi pafupifupi. zloti. Idzakonzedwanso kwa anthu pafupifupi 5. PLN ndiyotsika mtengo. Ngakhale mtengo wotsika, khalidwe silotsika kwambiri, chifukwa ichi ndi gawo lobwezeretsedwa ndi nkhawa, yomwe imaphimbidwa ndi chitsimikizo chonse. Mpaka Ford ipangitsenso ma compressor patsamba, mutha kudalira izi kuchokera ku Skoda pazothandizira zanu. Pankhani ya m'badwo wachiwiri Skoda Octavia ndi 2 hp 105 TDI injini. turbo yatsopano imawononga 1.9 zł. PLN, koma popatsa wopanga compressor yakale, ndalamazo zimachepetsedwa mpaka 7. PLN. Pa nthawi yomweyo, kubadwanso pa ASO ndalama 4 zikwi. PLN kuphatikiza disassembly ndi mtengo wa msonkhano - pafupifupi 2,5 PLN.
Ntchito zotsika mtengo kwambiri zimaperekedwa ndi mafakitale apadera omwe amangokonza ma turbocharger. Ngakhale zaka 10-15 zapitazo ntchito yotereyi inagulanso za 2,5-3 zikwi kuwonjezera pa ASO. zł, lero kukonza zovuta kumawononga ngakhale za 600-700 zł. "Ndalama zathu zokonzanso zikuphatikiza kuyeretsa, kuchotsa ntchito, kusintha ma o-ringing, zosindikizira, ma plain bearings, ndi kusinthasintha kwadongosolo lonse. Ngati kuli kofunikira kusintha shaft ndi gudumu lopondereza, mtengo umakwera kufika pafupifupi PLN 900, akutero Leszek Kwolek kuchokera ku turbo-rzeszow.pl. Kodi ndiyenera kusamala chiyani ndikabwezera turbine kuti ipangidwenso? Leszek Kwolek akulangiza kupewa kukhazikitsa komwe kumangokhala kuyeretsa ndi kusonkhanitsa popanda kusanja. Zikatero, kukonza kungakhale njira yochepa chabe yothetsera vutolo. Turbocharger yokonzedwanso bwino, malinga ndi ukadaulo wokonza wopanga, ili ndi magawo ofanana ndi atsopano ndipo imalandira chitsimikizo chomwecho.
Kudzilinganiza kokha ndi njira yomwe imatenga nthawi ndipo imafuna chidziwitso cha akatswiri, zida zolondola komanso anthu omwe akuchita njirayi. Ma workshops abwino kwambiri amakhala ndi zida zowonera momwe turbine imachitira zinthu zikavuta kwambiri ndikukonzekeretsa iwo ndikuwongolera bwino. Njira imodzi ndikugwiritsa ntchito liwiro lalikulu la VSR. Chipangizo choterocho chimapangitsa kuyang'ana khalidwe la makina ozungulira pansi pamikhalidwe yofanana ndi yomwe imakhalapo mu injini. Koma mayeso, liwiro rotational akhoza ziwonjezeke mpaka 350 zikwi. kwa mphindi imodzi. Pakadali pano, ma turbines mumainjini ang'onoang'ono amayenda pang'onopang'ono, mpaka 250 rpm. kamodzi pa miniti.
Komabe, kusinthika kwa turbine sizinthu zonse. Nthawi zambiri, zolephera zimachitika chifukwa cha zovuta ndi machitidwe ena omwe akugwira ntchito pansi pagalimoto yathu. Chifukwa chake, musanalumikizenso turbocharger yokonzedwa, iyenera kuchotsedwa. Kupanda kutero, chinthu chomwe chasinthidwa chitha kuwonongeka - mwachitsanzo, ngati turbine ilibe mafuta, imatha kusweka pakangopita nthawi.
Injini yothamanga kwambiri kapena yolakalaka mwachilengedwe?
Onse mayunitsi supercharged ndi mwachibadwa aspirated ali ndi ubwino ndi kuipa. Pankhani yoyamba, phindu lofunika kwambiri ndilo: mphamvu yochepa, yomwe imatanthawuza kuchepa kwa mafuta, kutulutsa mpweya ndi malipiro otsika kuphatikizapo inshuwalansi, kusinthasintha kwakukulu komanso kutsika mtengo kwa injini.
Xenon kapena halogen? Ndi magetsi ati omwe ali bwino kusankha
Tsoka ilo, injini ya turbocharged imatanthauzanso zolephera zambiri, mapangidwe ovuta kwambiri, ndipo, mwatsoka, moyo wamfupi. Choyipa chachikulu cha injini yofunidwa mwachilengedwe ndi mphamvu zake zazikulu komanso zocheperako. Komabe, chifukwa cha mapangidwe awo osavuta, mayunitsi oterewa ndi otsika mtengo komanso osavuta kukonzanso, komanso amakhala olimba. M'malo mokankhira mwambi, amapereka mphamvu yofewa koma yofananira popanda mphamvu ya turbo lag.
Kwa zaka zambiri, ma turbocharger adayikidwa makamaka mu injini zamafuta zamagalimoto zamagalimoto ndi dizilo. Pakadali pano, magalimoto otchuka okhala ndi injini zamafuta a turbocharged akuwonekera kwambiri m'malo ogulitsa magalimoto. Mwachitsanzo, mtundu wa Volkswagen Group uli ndi mwayi wochuluka. Wopanga waku Germany amakonzekeretsa VW Passat yayikulu komanso yolemetsa yokhala ndi injini ya TSI ya malita 1.4 okha. Ngakhale kukula kwake kukuwoneka kochepa, chipangizochi chimapanga mphamvu ya 125 hp. Pafupifupi 180 hp Ajeremani amafinya 1.8 TSI kunja kwa unit, ndipo 2.0 TSI imapanga mpaka 300 hp. Ma injini a TSI ayamba kuchita bwino kuposa ma turbodiesel otchuka a TDI.
