Zoyambitsa zitatu zatsopano zaku China
Zoyambitsa zitatu zatsopano zaku China
Pa Seputembara 19, 2015 nthawi ya 23:01:14,331:20 UTC (ku China inali kale Seputembara 07, 01:14:6), Galimoto yotsegulira ya Chang Zheng idakhazikitsidwa poyambitsa gawo lachisanu ndi chimodzi la Taiyuan Space. Pakati. (Chigawo cha Shanxi) 1 yokhala ndi nambala ya Y05. Kukhazikitsa kunali ndi code yamkati "operation 48-529. Mphindi khumi ndi zisanu chinyamuke, gawo lomaliza la roketi likuyenda kuzungulira Dziko Lapansi. Zinali zogwirizana ndi kayendedwe ka Dzuwa ndipo zinali ndi magawo otsatirawa: perigee - 552 km, apogee - 97,46 km, kupendekera - 915. Pakati pa 989 ndi XNUMX masekondi akuthawa, ma satelayiti khumi adachotsedwa pa adaputala yomwe inayikidwa pa gawo lachitatu. Anayi aiwo, m'masiku angapo otsatira, adayamba kutulutsa ma satelayiti ang'onoang'ono kuchokera m'matumbo awo, omwe chiwerengero chake sichidziwika bwino ndipo chimachokera ku sikisi mpaka khumi. Kodi kusatsimikizika kumeneku kumachokera kuti?
Chabwino, aku China sanasindikize mndandanda wa ma satelayiti omwe adakhazikitsidwa ndipo zambiri zimachokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana. Izi zikuphatikiza makampani kapena mayunivesite omwe adapanga ma satelayiti (eyiti ndi khumi ndi awiri, motsatana), miyeso yochokera ku American Object-in-Orbit Observation Network (NORAD), ndi zidziwitso zojambulidwa zamawayilesi amateur omwe adayikidwa pafupifupi theka, i.e. pa mfundo zisanu ndi zinayi zokwezeka. za chidwi. Magwero ambiri amavomereza kuti katundu wokwana makumi awiri adatengedwa (awiri mwa iwo, mwachiwonekere, chifukwa cha cholinga chawo, sanapatukebe ndi ena onse), a chikhalidwe choyesera ndi zamakono. Kulemera kwawo kumachokera ku 0,1 kg mpaka 130 kg, kotero amatha kugawidwa ngati ma pico-, nano-, micro- ndi mini-satellites. Kukula kwakung'ono kwa zakale kwakhala ndipo kumakhalabe vuto lalikulu pakuzindikirika kwawo ndi kuzizindikiritsa. Mndandanda wa malipiro osavomerezeka uli ndi zinthu izi:
1. Xinyang-2 (XY-2, Kaituo-2)
2. Žeda Pixing 2A
3. Zeda Pixing 2B
4. Tiantuo-3 (TT-3, Luliang-1)
5. XW-2A
6. XW-2B
7. XW-2С
8. XW-2Д
9. XW-2E, yochotsedwa ku 5.
10. XW-2F, kulumikizidwa ku 5.
11. DCBB (Kaituo-1B), moto 1.
12. LilacSat-2
13. NUDT-PhoneSat, yolumikizidwa ku 4.
14. Nasin-2 (NS-2)
15. Zijing-1 (ZJ-1), olekanitsidwa ndi 14.
16. Kongjian Shiyan 1 (KJSY-1), idatulutsidwa pa 14.
17. Xingchen-1, yochotsedwa ku 4.
18. Xingchen-2, yochotsedwa ku 4.
19. Xingchen-3, yochotsedwa ku 4.
20. Xingchen-4, yochotsedwa ku 4.
Yakwana nthawi yoti muwonetse roketi yatsopano yochokera ku China. Galimoto yoyambira ya Chang Zheng-6 (Long March) yopepuka yopepuka imagwiritsa ntchito dzina lamtundu wa banja la rocket yaku China, mogwirizana ndi miyambo yazaka 45, koma ndi ya m'badwo watsopano. Ndege zitatu - CZ-5, CZ-6 ndi CZ-7, kuyambira chaka chamawa, zidzakhala maziko a pulogalamu yamlengalenga ya dziko lamphamvu la Asia.
Mivi iyi ikhala ya:
□ kalasi yolemera (kunyamula mphamvu mu LEO, pafupi ndi Earth orbit 18-25 matani, mu GTO, kusintha kwa geostationary orbit 6-14 matani, malingana ndi Baibulo);
□ kalasi yopepuka (mphamvu 1500 kg mu LEO, mu SSO, 1080 kg synchronously ndi kayendedwe ka Dzuwa);
□ kalasi yapakati (kunyamula mphamvu LEO 18-25 t, kwa GTO 1,5-6 t malinga kusinthidwa).
Mapangidwe awa adzakhala osiyana kwambiri ndi mizere yam'mbuyomu ya zida zoponya kuchokera ku CZ-1 mpaka CZ-4. Kusiyana koyamba kwa kardinali kudzakhala modularity yawo osati mkati mwa mzere, komanso m'banja lonse. Izi zipangitsa kuti zitheke kusintha mphamvu yonyamula roketi kutengera zosowa, osagwiritsa ntchito magawo khumi ndi awiri kapena awiri osiyana komanso pafupifupi ma injini omwewo, koma ma module asanu okha ogwirizana omwe ali ndi mitundu itatu yokha ya injini. Kupambana kwina kudzakhala m'malo mwa mafuta omwe alipo / oxidizer awiri (nitrogen tetroxide ndi asymmetric dimethylhydrazine), yomwe imasungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali koma yowopsa kwambiri, yokhala ndi mapeyala awiri a parafini / madzi okosijeni omwe sakonda zachilengedwe, kapena ma cryogenic liquid hydrogen/madzimadzi a oxygen.
Kufunika kwa roketi yopepuka kudayamba chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo pantchito ya electro-optics. M'zaka zaposachedwa, ma satelayiti angapo ozindikira kapena ozindikira (osiyana ndi wina ndi mnzake makamaka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omaliza, koma osati kapangidwe kake kapena misa) adayambitsidwa m'njira za heliosynchronous pogwiritsa ntchito roketi za CZ-2 ndi CZ-4, zokhala ndi zolipira. mphamvu ya 1,5 rev.
Pakalipano, ma satelayiti amtunduwu ali ndi kulemera kosapitirira 500 kg, ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo ali ndi makhalidwe abwino kwambiri pazithunzithunzi. Zoneneratu zikuwonetsa kuti gawo la ma satelayiti opepuka pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi wowonera kutali lipitilira kukula, zomwe zapangitsa kuti mizinga yaku China yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka pano isakhale yopikisana pachuma.
