Kusweka ndi kugaya phokoso pa kuzizira kuyamba

Kumveka mokweza kapena kugwedezeka pansi pa hood kukakhala kuzizira nthawi zambiri kumakhala chizindikiro cha vuto mu injini yomweyi. injini kapena cholumikizira, kuphatikiza zololeza zoyikidwa molakwika, lamba wanthawi yayitali, alternator ndi mayendedwe apompo. Phokoso lomwe limatha pambuyo pakuwotha nthawi zambiri limasonyeza kuti kuwonongeka kuli m'magawo oyambirira ndipo ikhoza kuthetsedwabe ndi ndalama zochepa.

Mutha kudziwa momwe mungadziwire chifukwa chomwe phokoso lophwanyika limamveka mukayamba injini yoyaka mkati mwa ozizira komanso momwe mungakonzere vutoli, onani nkhaniyi.

Chifukwa chiyani mng'alu umawonekera pa injini yoyaka moto yamkati

Munthawi yopumira ya injini yoyaka mkati, mafuta amalowa mu crankcase, ndipo mipata yotentha m'malo olumikizirana ndi magawo otentha imakhala kunja kwa miyezo yoyenera. M'masekondi oyamba mutangoyamba, injiniyo imakhala ndi katundu wochuluka, choncho nthawi zambiri mng'alu wa injini yoyaka mkati umawonekera pa ozizira.

Chomwe chimayambitsa phokoso ndi magawo a gasi yogawa makina:

Kuyang'ana unyolo wanthawi kuti ukhale wovuta

• unyolo wanthawi yayitali;
• magiya ovala a crankshaft pulleys ndi camshafts;
• tensioner unyolo kapena damper;
• tensioner lamba nthawi;
• zonyamulira ma hydraulic zolakwika, zochapira zosankhidwa molakwika ndi zida zina zosinthira ma valve;
• camshaft imapanga phokoso lakuthwa pa ozizira pambuyo poyambitsa injini yoyaka mkati pamaso pa chitukuko m'mabedi ake;
• camshaft pulley yokhala ndi makina owongolera olakwika m'mainjini okhala ndi nthawi yosinthira ma valve (VVT, VTEC, VVT-I, Valvetronic, VANOS ndi machitidwe ena ofanana).

Zigawo za zida zomwe zalumikizidwa zitha kukhalanso gwero la kung'ung'udza ndi kunjenjemera pozizira:

Zovala za alternator

• zitsulo zonyezimira kapena zopanda mafuta;
• kuonongeka mphamvu chiwongolero mpope ndi mpweya kompresa;
• kuzirala pompa;
• zoyambira bendix ndi kuvala zovuta;
• chitetezo cha utsi wochuluka, chomwe chimagwirizana ndi kugwedezeka kwa injini, chingathe kugwedeza ndi zitsulo zachitsulo pa ozizira.

Mu injini yoyaka mkati yokha, vuto silimakhala locheperako, koma ndi mtunda wautali, ntchito zosayembekezereka komanso zosawoneka bwino, zotsatirazi zimatha kuzizira:

Zovala zazikulu zonyamula

• masiketi a pisitoni akugogoda pamasilinda chifukwa chakuwonjezeka kwa chilolezo;
• zikhomo za pistoni - pazifukwa zomwezo;
• zovala zazikulu.

Kuphatikiza pa injini yoyaka mkati, kufalitsa nthawi zina kumakhala gwero la kuphulika kozizira:

• diski yoyendetsedwa ndi clutch momwe akasupe amadzimadzi adaphwanyidwa kapena amavala m'mawindo awo;
• zovala gearbox athandizira shaft mayendedwe;
• zonyamula zida pa shaft yachiwiri ya gearbox;
• kusakwanira kwamafuta mu gearbox.

Ngakhale kuphulika kumamveka kokha poyambitsa injini yoyaka mkati mwa kuzizira, ndipo mutatha kutentha kumapita, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti palibe zovuta. Kupanda kutero, kuwonongeka kwa magawo kumapita patsogolo mpaka gawo lomwe likugwira ntchito molakwika lisakhale adzalephera. Malangizo ndi matebulo omwe ali pansipa akuthandizani kuti muzindikire.

Mu zitsanzo zina, ndi VAZ ndi injini 8 vavu ndi kusintha pamanja chilolezo mavavu, camshaft chosiyana chisanu pa chisanu, kutha pambuyo kutenthetsa, ndi mbali kapangidwe ndi si kuganiziridwa kusweka.

Zomwe zimayambitsa cod m'galimoto pa chimfine

Mutha kudziwa komwe kuphulika pansi pa hood mpaka kuzizira ndi mtundu wa phokoso, malo ake, ndi momwe zimawonekera. Gome ili m'munsili likuthandizani kudziwa chomwe chikung'ambika, kapena kusiyanitsa kung'ung'udza kwa unyolo kukakhala kuzizira kuchokera ku clatter ya valve, phokoso la bendix, ndi zovuta zina.

Zimayambitsa cod pansi pa nyumba pa ozizira mkati kuyaka injini

Gulu la zida	Nodi yolephera	Zifukwa za cod	Zoti apange	Zotsatira
Njira yogawa mafuta	Osintha magawo	Chosungira chodetsedwa kapena chowonongeka ngati gawo la zida zowerengera nthawi	Yang'anani zida zanthawi ndi makina osinthira. Pamaso pa dothi ndi madipoziti - woyera, nadzatsuka. Pakawonongeka, konzani kapena kusintha gawo lonselo	Nthawi imasokonezedwa, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumawonjezeka, mphamvu zimasowa, ndipo chiopsezo cha kutenthedwa ndi kuphika chikuwonjezeka. Ndi kulephera kwathunthu kwa gawo losinthira, kuwonongeka kwa lamba wanthawi, kusweka kwake, msonkhano wa mavavu okhala ndi pistoni.
	Zonyamulira ma valve	Zonyamulira ma hydraulic otsekeka kapena ovala	Yang'anani zonyamula ma hydraulic, njira zawo zamafuta. Tsukani ngalande zoperekera mafuta pamutu wa silinda	Ngati zonyamula ma hydraulic zimang'ambika kuzizira kapena ma valve asinthidwa molakwika, kuvala kwa makamera a camshaft ndi ma pusher kumafulumizitsa.
	Chowongolera cha valve	Kusiyana kumawonjezeka mwachibadwa pamene injini ikuyenda.	Sinthani kutentha kwa mavavu pogwiritsa ntchito mtedza, ma washer kapena "makapu" pa izi.
	Njira yanthawi kapena magiya	Unyolo, wotambasulidwa kuchokera pakutha, umalendewera, umagunda makoma a chipikacho. Chifukwa cha kugunda kosamveka pa mano a pulleys, phokoso likuwonekeranso.	Sinthani unyolo wanthawi ndi/kapena magiya	Ngati munyalanyaza kung'ambika kwa unyolo kukazizira, idzapitiriza kufooka ndi kutambasula, "kudya" mano a gear. Dera lotseguka likhoza kuwononga ma pistoni ndi ma valve.
	Chain kapena lamba tensioner	Kupumula kwa unyolo chifukwa cha kutha kwa tensioner. Pa injini zama lamba, cholumikizira chokha chimakhala chaphokoso.	Bwezerani tensioner, sinthani tcheni kapena lamba
Njira yamafuta	Nozzles	Mbali za Nozzle zimavala	Ngati kugogoda kumawoneka kokha kozizira, ndipo injini yoyaka mkati imagwira ntchito mokhazikika, kumwa sikunachuluke - mutha kuyendetsa. Ngati pali zizindikiro zina za kusakwanira kwa utsi, ma nozzles ayenera kusinthidwa.	Majekeseni owonongeka amathira mafuta, kumwa kwake kumawonjezeka, mphamvu zimakula, pali chiopsezo cha coking cha injini yoyaka mkati chifukwa cha ntchito pa osakaniza olemera.
		Kutsekeka kwa njira yobwezera mafuta kumabweretsa kusefukira kwamafuta komanso kuyaka kwake koopsa.	Sambani ndi kutsuka nozzles	Kuvala kwa injini yoyaka mkati kumathamanga chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa katundu.
	Zida zowongolera	Majekeseniwa akusefukira mafuta chifukwa cha kulephera kwa mpope wa jakisoni.	Sinthani kapena kusintha zigawo zolakwika.
Kulumikiza ndodo ndi gulu la pistoni	Pistoni, zikhomo kapena zolumikizira ndodo	Valani chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri, scuffing, kusowa mafuta	Pamafunika kukonzanso kwathunthu kwa injini yoyaka mkati, mwina yayikulu	Ngati injini yoyaka yamkati sinakonzedwe mu nthawi, idzalephera, ikhoza kupanikizana popita.
		Zojambula	Gwiritsani ntchito mafuta abwino omwe amakwaniritsa zomwe wopanga amapanga. Ndikoyenera kudzaza ma viscous ochepa m'nyengo yozizira (mwachitsanzo, 5W30 kapena 0W30)	Palibe zotsatira zoonekeratu
Zophatikiza	Bendix ya choyambira kapena korona wa flywheel	Bendix yoyambira imakhala yakuda kapena yomatira. Mano a flywheel anagwetsa pansi	Chotsani choyambira, yang'anani mkhalidwe wa bendix ndi korona wa flywheel. Ngati pali kuipitsidwa, yeretsani ndi kuthira mafuta; ngati wavala, sinthani gawolo.	Ngati choyambitsacho chimagwira ntchito ndi kuzizira pa chimfine, ndi kuvala kwina, bendix sichingagwirizane bwino, ndipo korona ikhoza kusweka. Makina sangayambike.
	Compressor clutch	Clutch chifukwa chakuvala, kusokonekera kwa solenoid, sikupereka chinkhoswe chokhazikika, zozembera	Bwezerani zowakira	Ngati phokoso silingathetsedwe panthawi yake, mpweya wa compressor udzalephera, mpweya wozizira sudzagwira ntchito. Lamba womangirira akhoza kuthyoledwa.
	Air conditioning compressor	M'badwo mu mayendedwe kapena mu njira yobwereza ya kompresa	Konzani kapena kusintha kompresa.
	Jenereta kapena mpope wowongolera mphamvu	Kuvala kuvala	Bwezerani m'malo mwa ma alternator kapena ma bearing pump chiwongolero, kapena cholumikizira.	Ngati simuchotsa phokoso la jenereta pamene kuli kozizira, chipangizocho chikhoza kupanikizana ndipo lamba womangirira akhoza kuthyoka. Pampu yowongolera mphamvu iyamba kutsika ndipo ikhoza kulephera kwathunthu.
Kutumiza	Clutch disc	Kuchokera pa katundu, akasupe a damper, mipando pa disk hub yatha.	Kuwonongeka kwa bokosi la gear ndikofunikira kuti muyang'ane chimbale cha clutch, kumasulidwa kwa clutch. Node yolakwika iyenera kusinthidwa ndi ina.	Ndi kulephera kwathunthu, clutch ya gearbox ndi injini idzazimiririka, galimotoyo sichitha kusuntha pansi pa mphamvu yake.
	Zojambula za Gearbox	M'kati mwa chitukuko, mipata pakati pa malo otsutsana imakula, ndipo mafuta amakula pamene galimoto ilibe kanthu.	Amafunikira kuwongolera kwa gearbox ndikuzindikira kuti ali ndi kavalidwe	The gearbox watha, kupanikizana mbali zake n'zotheka. Pamene mavuto akupita patsogolo, amatsagana ndi kugogoda kosalekeza ndi kulira, kuthawa kwa magiya payekha ndizotheka, kuphatikizika kwawo kosauka.

Pamagalimoto ena, phokoso la phokoso, kugogoda kapena kulira m'nyengo yozizira kumatha chifukwa cha kutetezedwa kwa kutentha kwa mpweya wambiri. Pamene ikuwotcha, imakula pang'ono, imasiya kugwira mapaipi ndipo phokoso limatha. Vuto silikuwopseza ndi zotsatira zowopsa, koma kuti muchotse phokosolo, mutha kupindika pang'ono chishango.

Momwe mungadziwire komwe mng'alu umachokera pakuyamba kozizira

Electronic stethoscope ADD350D

Si khalidwe lokha lomwe liri lofunika, komanso malo omwe phokoso lachilendo limafalikira. Kuti mudziwe chomwe chayambitsa vutoli, choyamba muyenera kudziwa mng'alu ukuchokera kuti poyambitsa injini yoyaka mkati mwa ozizira, kutsegula hood ndikumvetsera ntchito ya injini yoyaka mkati ndi zomata. Chida chomwe chingathandize kudziwa komwe kumachokera cod chidzakhala stethoscope.

Malangizo opezera komwe kuyambika kozizira kumachokera

• Kuphulika kuchokera pansi pa chivundikiro cha valve ndi mafupipafupi pamwamba pa liwiro la crankshaft, ndikuzimiririka masekondi angapo mutangoyamba kuzizira, kumasonyeza mavuto mu gawo lowongolera. Nthawi zina injini yoyaka yamkati imatha kuyimitsa pakuyesa koyamba, koma imayambanso yachiwiri. Vuto liyenera kuthetsedwa, koma sizofunikira, chifukwa gawo lowongolera limasungidwa pamalo ogwirira ntchito ndi kuthamanga kwamafuta pa injini yothamanga.
• Kuphulika kwachitsulo kopanda phokoso kuchokera pansi pa chivundikiro cha valve nthawi zambiri kumakhala chizindikiro chakuti zonyamula ma hydraulic kapena ma valve osinthidwa molakwika amasweka akatenthedwa. Pankhaniyi, mutha kupitiriza kusuntha, koma musachedwe kukonzanso kwa nthawi yayitali.
Phokoso lochokera ku ma valve ndi ma hydraulic lifters limasokonezeka mosavuta ndi kulira kwa majekeseni amafuta, omwe amakhala pafupi ndi chivundikiro cha valve. Ndicho chifukwa chake kuli kofunika kuzindikira bwino lomwe gwero la kufalitsa komveka.

Majekeseni amafuta otsekeka

• Kuphulika kwachitsulo kumbali yolowera kungasonyeze majekeseni amafuta owonongeka kapena pampu yamafuta yosagwira ntchito. Nthawi zambiri, jekeseni wa dizilo amasweka, chifukwa amagwira ntchito movutikira kwambiri pamenepo. Injector yolephera imayeza mafuta molakwika, zomwe zimakulitsa magwiridwe antchito a injini ndikufulumizitsa kuvala kwake, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kukonza vutoli mwachangu.
• Kugunda kwamphamvu kapena kulira, kolumikizana ndi magwiridwe antchito a injini yoyaka mkati, kuchokera kumbali yanthawi, kukuwonetsa kusakhalapo kwa kupsinjika kwa unyolo, kuvala kwake kapena kusweka kwa tensioner / damper. Ngati unyolo wathyoka kapena kudumpha pa maulalo angapo, ma pistoni amatha kukumana ndi ma valve. Vuto losakhala lovuta ndilokha ngati ming'alu ikuwoneka mwachidule mu chisanu, ndipo imasowa pamene ikuwotha. Mu chisanu choopsa (m'munsimu -15 ℃), ngakhale dera logwira ntchito bwino limatha kupanga phokoso pambuyo pozizira.
Kuzindikira kwa phokoso loyambira mu injini yoyatsira mkati pogwiritsa ntchito makina a stethoscope: kanema

• Pa ma motors okhala ndi lamba woyendetsa nthawi, cholumikizira champhamvu chimakhala gwero la phokoso. Kuti muwone, muyenera kuchotsa chivundikiro cha lamba wanthawi, yang'anani kugwedezeka kwake, komanso kumasula kukangana ndikupotoza wodzigudubuza ndi dzanja. Ngati chonyamuliracho chatsekedwa kapena kuwonongedwa, lamba akhoza kudumpha ndikusweka. Chotsatira chake, makinawo adzakhala osasunthika, pa injini zina lamba wosweka wa nthawi adzatsogolera kukhudzana ndi kuwonongeka kwa pistoni ndi mavavu.
• Pamene phokoso limachokera ku kuya kwa injini, pali kutaya mphamvu, kuwonongeka kwa kayendetsedwe ka galimoto, vuto likhoza kukhala logwirizana ndi ma pistoni kapena ndodo zogwirizanitsa (mphete, zala, zomangira). Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuyendetsa galimoto, chifukwa injini yoyaka mkati imatha kupanikizana nthawi iliyonse. Kupatulapo ndi zitsanzo zina (mwachitsanzo, VAZ yokhala ndi pistoni yopepuka), yomwe phokoso lotere mu chisanu ndilovomerezeka.

Kukula kwa korona woyambira
• Mng'alu ndi kunjenjemera kuchokera kumbali yoyambira, zimangomveka poyambira pomwe fungulo likutembenuzidwira kapena batani la "Yambani" likanikizidwa, kuwonetsa kukwatiwa kapena kuvala koyambira, kapena kukula kwa korona. Ngati n'kotheka, mukhoza kuyesa kuyendetsa galimoto popanda kugwiritsa ntchito choyambira (pamtunda, kuchokera pa tow, etc.). Pa galimoto yokhala ndi injini yoyatsira mkati yodutsamo, komwe kupeza koyambira sikuli kovuta, mutha kuyichotsa nthawi yomweyo kuti muyang'ane mano a bendix ndi korona. Poyenda, vutoli silikuwopseza chilichonse, koma kuyambitsa kulikonse kungakhale koopsa mwa kuthyola korona kapena kuwononganso mano. Injini yoyatsira mkati ikayamba kugunda poyambira pagalimoto, vuto litha kukhalanso poyambira, pomwe bendix yake sibwereranso kumalo osalowerera ndale, kapena mphete yovunda.
• Ngati kuphulika kwa chimfine kumawoneka kokha pamene clutch ikukhumudwa kuti iyambe kuyambitsa, izo zimasonyeza kuvala kwa kutulutsa kumasulidwa. Ndikofunikira kuthetsa cholakwikacho posachedwa, chifukwa ngati chiwonongeko sichingatheke kuyatsa kufalitsa. Mutha kufika pamalo okonzera apafupi poyesa kugwiritsa ntchito chopondapo chocheperako.

Wosweka damper kasupe pa clutch disc

• Ngati kuwomba ndi kuwomba m'malo mwake, kulibe pamene clutch ikukhumudwa, koma ikuwoneka ikatulutsidwa, vuto liri mu gearbox kapena mu clutch disc. Izi zitha kukhala kuvala kwa akasupe ocheperako ndi mipando yawo, kusowa kwamafuta mu gearbox kapena kutsika kwake, kuvala kwa zinyalala za shaft kapena magiya achiwiri. Malingana ngati vuto silikudziwonetsera lokha likamatentha, galimotoyo ndi yothandiza. Ngati phokosolo likupitirirabe ngakhale kutentha, maulendo ayenera kupeŵa.
• Mukhoza kudziwa kuti phokoso limachokera ku jenereta pochotsa lamba. Magwero a kung'ung'udza nthawi zambiri amakhala ma fani a shaft omwe amatsuka mafuta.
• Ngati kompresa mpweya wolumikizidwa ndi clutch crackles, sipadzakhala phokoso pamene dongosolo nyengo kuzimitsidwa. Ndi air conditioner yazimitsidwa, makina amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanda chiopsezo cha zotsatira zoopsa. Compressor yopanda clutch imathanso kung'ambika ndikuzimitsa mpweya.
• Kumveka kwachete komanso ngakhale kung'ambika kwa mpope wowongolera mphamvu kukazizira kumakhala kwachilendo pamagalimoto ena, makamaka nyengo yozizira. Chizindikiro chowopsa ndi mawonekedwe a kuphulika kwa kuphulika kapena kugwedezeka, kugaya injini ikatentha.

Chikhalidwe cha maonekedwe ake akhoza mwachindunji kuwunika mlingo wa ngozi ya nsomba za nsomba. Ngati simunamvepo chilichonse chonga ichi, phokosolo linayamba kuwonekera mwadzidzidzi komanso momveka bwino, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuti musachedwetse matenda ndi kukonza. Ngati crackles adamveka kale, ndipo ndi chimfine chozizira amangokulirakulira pang'ono, chiopsezo cha kulephera mwadzidzidzi kwa mfundo zina ndizochepa kwambiri.

Popeza zigawozo zimakonzedwa bwino kwambiri pansi pa hood ndi mkati mwa injini, chifukwa cha kuphulika pamene mukuyamba injini yoyaka moto yamkati sizingadziwike nthawi zonse ndi khutu. Kuti muzindikire bwino komwe gwero limachokera, ndikofunikira kuwunika pafupipafupi machitidwe onse.

Nthawi zina, kung'amba ndi rhythmic kumatha kukhala kwabwinobwino pakatentha kwambiri (-20 ℃ ndi pansi). Izi ndichifukwa choti m'masekondi oyamba pambuyo poyambira, mbalizo zimagwira ntchito popanda mafuta. Kukanikizidwa kwadongosolo kukakwera kuzinthu zogwirira ntchito, mafuta amayamba kutentha, ndipo mipata yotentha imabwerera mwakale - amachoka.

Mavuto amtundu wa cod pamagalimoto otchuka

Magalimoto ena amatha kukhala ndi phokoso lozizira kuposa ena. Nthawi zina, phokoso losasangalatsa limasonyeza mavuto, ndipo nthawi zina ndi mawonekedwe omwe samakhudza ntchito. Gome lidzakuthandizani kudziwa chifukwa chake ming'alu imawonekera pambuyo pozizira, momwe zimakhalira zoopsa komanso momwe mungathanirane nazo.

Mitundu yamagalimoto yotchuka yomwe imadziwika ndi kusweka panthawi yozizira.

Mtundu wamagalimoto	Chifukwa chiyani ikusweka	Kodi izi ndizabwinobwino/zowopsa bwanji?	Zoti apange
Kia Sportage 3, Optima 3, Magentis 2, Cerate 2, Hyundai Sonata 5, 6, ix35 yokhala ndi injini ya G4KD	Chifukwa cha kugogoda ndi cod mu ozizira ndi khunyu mu masilindala. Nthawi zambiri wolakwa wawo ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta chotolera chogwa, chomwe chimalowetsedwa m'zipinda zoyaka moto.	Vutoli ndilofala ndipo limasonyeza kuti galimoto ikulephera. Pali chiopsezo chochepa cha kugwedezeka kwa injini, koma kutengera ndemanga, madalaivala ena amayendetsa makilomita zikwizikwi ndi kugogoda.	Kuthetsa vutoli - kukonzanso kwakukulu (liner, m'malo mwa pistoni, ndi zina zotero) za injini ndi kubwezeretsa (kapena kuchotsedwa) kwa chothandizira. Ngati vutoli silikukuvutitsani kwambiri ndipo limangowoneka kuzizira, mutha kuyendetsa, kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwamafuta pafupipafupi ndikuwonjezera ngati kuli kofunikira.
Kia Sportage, Hyundai ix35, Creta ndi zitsanzo zina zokhudzana ndi kufala kwamanja	Mng'alu amawonekera pa kuzizira pa liwiro lokwera (kutentha). Zimachokera kumbali ya gearbox, zimasowa pamene clutch ikuvutika maganizo. Phokosoli limawoneka chifukwa cha zolakwika zamapangidwe mu gearbox (mwina zotengera shaft) ndi kuchepa kwamafuta.	Kuperewera sikupita patsogolo, chifukwa chake sikumayambitsa chiwopsezo.	Kuonjezera mafuta ku gearbox kungathandize kuthetsa kapena kusokoneza phokoso.
Volkswagen Polo sedan	Pa VW Polo sedan, zonyamula ma hydraulic valves zimagogoda pozizira	Kuvala kwa camshaft pang'ono	Kusintha mafuta. Ngati onyamula ma hydraulic agogoda kwa nthawi yayitali (kupitilira mphindi 1-2 atayamba), kapena phokoso likuwoneka lotentha, sinthani HA.
	Ma pistoni amagogoda chifukwa cha kuvala kwachilengedwe	Kuvala kwa injini yoyaka mkati kukuthamanga, koma ndizosatheka kunena motsimikiza ndi kuchuluka kwake. Ndemanga zambiri zimasonyeza ntchito yachibadwa ya injini kuyaka mkati ngakhale pambuyo 50-100 zikwi Km pambuyo maonekedwe kugogoda pa kuzizira.	Gwiritsani ntchito mafuta abwino. Yang'anirani mlingo ndikuwonjezera ngati kuli kofunikira. Mutha kuyika ma pistoni amakono (ndi siketi yayitali), koma pambuyo pa 10-30 km kugogoda kungabwerere.
Chowonetsero cha Subaru	Kugogoda kumatulutsidwa ndi chitetezo cha mapaipi otulutsa amitundu yambiri.	Phokoso limasowa pamene likuwotha ndipo silikuwoneka nthawi zonse, silikuwopseza ndi zotsatira zoopsa.	Ngati zimachitika nthawi zonse, pindani pang'ono chitetezo, ngati zichitika nthawi zina, mukhoza kunyalanyaza.
Lada Granta	Pa injini za 8-valve, camshaft imagogoda pazitsulo chifukwa cha mipata yayikulu yotentha.	Popeza mipata ikuwonjezeka pa injini yozizira, camshaft clatter ndichizolowezi. Ngati phokoso silitha ngakhale kutentha, mipata imasweka.	Yezerani zovomerezeka ndikusintha mavavu
	Ma pistoni amanjenjemera pa omwe ali ndi ma injini okhala ndi pistoni yopepuka ya Lada Granta.	Ngati phokoso likuwoneka mu chisanu ndipo limatenga mphindi zosapitirira 2, izi ndizovomerezeka.	Pofuna kupewa, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta apamwamba kwambiri, kuyang'ana zosintha m'malo, kuti muchepetse kuvala kwa pistoni, mphete ndi masilindala.
Hyundai Solaris	Pa Hyundai Solaris, kuphulika kwa jenereta mu kuzizira kumawoneka chifukwa cha kuvala pa tensioner pulley ya lamba woyendetsa galimoto.	Wodzigudubuza akhoza kulephera, chifukwa chomwe lamba lidzatha mofulumira ndi kutsetsereka.	Bwezerani m'malo cholumikizira lamba.
Ford Focus	Pa Ford Focus yokhala ndi injini ya 1,6, zonyamula ma hydraulic zimagogoda pozizira.	Pambuyo pa nthawi yopuma, nyengo yozizira, kugogoda ndikovomerezeka kwa injini yoyaka mkati yomwe ili ndi mtunda wa makilomita oposa 100 zikwi.	Ngati vuto likuwonekeranso pakatentha, fufuzani zowongolera ma hydraulic kapena ma valve clearance. Ngati kugogoda kumangochitika mphindi zingapo zoyambirira kuzizira, simuyenera kudandaula, kugogoda sikowopsa, koma ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta apamwamba kwambiri.
	Pa ma motors opanda ma hydraulic lifters, camshaft imatha kugogoda pa zonyamulira valavu, zikhomo za pistoni, camshaft yokha pamabedi. Chifukwa chake ndi kupanga kwachilengedwe.
Toyota Corolla	Pa Toyota Corolla (ndi zitsanzo zina za kampaniyo), phokoso lopweteka poyambira likuwonekera chifukwa cha VVT-I (gawo losintha) lomwe likuyenda kwa masekondi angapo oyambirira popanda mafuta.	Ngati kung'ung'udza kumawoneka mu chisanu pansi -10, ndiye kuti palibe vuto, phokoso ndilovomerezeka. Ngati zikuwoneka nyengo yotentha, muyenera kudziwa injini.	Chitani diagnostics ndi troubleshooting wa gawo regulator, ngati n'koyenera, m'malo.
Toyota yokhala ndi 3S-FE, 4S-FE ICE	Lamba wanthawi yotayirira	Pa 3S-FE ndi 4S-FE, valavu simapindika pamene lamba wa nthawi akusweka, choncho pamenepa galimotoyo idzangosiya kuyendetsa.	Yang'anani mkhalidwe wa chogudubuza nthawi, sungani lamba ndi torque yoyenera.
Peugeot 308	Pa Peugeot 308, mng'alu kapena kugogoda pa chimfine kumawoneka chifukwa cha lamba wolumikizira	kawirikawiri, palibe choopsa. Ngati pali kumenyedwa kwa wodzigudubuza wolimbana kapena imodzi mwa ma pulleys, kuvala kwa lamba kumathamanga.	Yang'anani kuthamanga kwa lamba wolumikizira, yang'anani ma pulleys kuti athawe.

Mayankho a mafunso omwe amafunsidwa nthawi zambiri

• Chifukwa chiyani injini yoyaka mkati imagwedezeka ikazizira koyambirira, pomwe zonse zili bwino?

  Kuphulika koyambirira kozizira kumayamba chifukwa chakuti mafuta amathira mu crankcase ndipo mfundo zomwe zili kumtunda kwa injini yoyaka mkati zimakhala zopanda mafuta poyamba. Pampu yamafuta ikangotulutsa mafuta, ma node amatha kugwira ntchito bwino ndipo sipadzakhalanso phokoso poyambiranso.

• Ndi chiyani chomwe chikuphulika pansi pa hood ya injini yoyaka mkati ngati unyolo wanthawi sunatambasulidwe?

  Ngati ndondomeko yoyendetsera nthawi ili bwino, zotsatirazi zikhoza kusweka pansi pa hood:

  • sitata;
  • hydraulic compensators;
  • ma valve osasinthika;
  • gawo regulator;
  • zomata: jenereta, mpope chiwongolero mphamvu, mpweya kompresa, etc.

• Chifukwa chiyani injini yoyaka yamkati imanjenjemera ikazizira ikayamba kuchokera ku autorun?

  Mukangoyambira pagalimoto, clutch imakhalabe yogwira ntchito, chifukwa chake choyambiracho chiyenera kusinthasintha ma shafts a gearbox, omwe amawonjezera katundu. Nthawi zambiri, vutoli limalumikizidwa ndi kuipitsidwa ndi / kapena kuvala kwa bendix, korona woyambira pa flywheel.

• Injini ikugwedezeka pambuyo pa kusintha kwa mafuta?

  Ngati injiniyo idayamba kugunda pozizira pambuyo posintha mafuta, mwachiwonekere idasankhidwa molakwika kapena kuchuluka kwake kunali kotsika kwambiri. Ngati nthawi yosinthira ipitilira kwa nthawi yayitali, kuchotsedwa kwa zonyansa ndikutsekeka kwa ngalande zamafuta agawo losinthira ndi ma hydraulic compensators ndizotheka.