Mafuta otumizira a Kama Automobile Plant

Gear mafuta opangidwa mogwirizana ndi zofunikira luso GOST 17479.2-85 zimatsimikizira ntchito odalirika mayunitsi onse magalimoto kufala. Mwa mitundu ya mafuta oterowo, malo ofunikira ndi TSP-15k (TM-3-18) mafuta, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu gearbox yamagalimoto omwe amatumiza torque yayikulu. Awa makamaka ndi magalimoto olemera ndi ma trailer.

makhalidwe a

Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimatsimikizira momwe amagwirira ntchito pamakina otengera magalimoto ndi:

1. Kutentha kwambiri pamalo olumikizana.
2. Mabanja ofunikira omwe amagawidwa mosagwirizana kwambiri pakapita nthawi.
3. Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi ndi kuipitsa.
4. Kusintha makulidwe amafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yomwe simukugwira ntchito.

Pazifukwa izi, mafuta opatsirana a TSP-15k adapangidwa, omwe amagwira ntchito bwino pamakina, pomwe zovuta zolumikizana ndizomwe zimakhala zazikulu. Kujambula kwamtundu: T - kutumiza, C - mafuta, R - kwa magalimoto oyendetsa galimoto, 15 - kukhuthala kwadzina ku cSt, K - kwa magalimoto a banja la KAMAZ.

Mafuta a giya ali ndi zigawo ziwiri: mafuta oyambira ndi zowonjezera. Zowonjezera zimapereka zinthu zomwe mukufuna ndikupondereza zosafunikira. Phukusi lowonjezera ndilo maziko a ntchito yamafuta, ndipo maziko olimba amapatsa woyendetsa ntchito yofunikira ya injini, amachepetsa kutaya kwa torque chifukwa cha mikangano ndikuteteza malo okhudzana.

Makhalidwe a mafuta a TSP-15, komanso mafuta ena a kalasi iyi (mwachitsanzo, TSP-10), amaonedwa kuti akuwonjezeka kukhazikika kwa kutentha ndi kukana kwa okosijeni pa kutentha kwakukulu. Izi kupewa mapangidwe sludge zolimba kapena phula, zosapeweka zoipa mankhwala a kutentha makutidwe ndi okosijeni. Kuthekera kumeneku kumadalira kutentha kwamafuta amagetsi. Choncho, pa 100 ° C kuwonjezereka kwa kutentha kwa mafuta kufika pa 60 ° C, njira zowonongeka zimakula pafupifupi kawiri, ndipo ngakhale kutentha kwambiri.

The chachiwiri khalidwe mbali kufala mafuta TSP-15k ndi luso kupirira katundu wapamwamba kwambiri. Chifukwa cha izi, mano a magiya omwe ali m'makina a gear amalepheretsa olumikizana kuti asadutse. Osavomerezeka kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pamagalimoto okhala ndi ma automatic transmission.

Ntchito

Pogwiritsa ntchito lubricant TSP-15k, dalaivala ayenera kudziwa kuti mafuta ali ndi mphamvu yowonongeka, amatha kuchotsa chinyezi chochulukirapo polekanitsa zigawo za immiscible. Kusiyana kwa kachulukidwe kumapangitsa kuti mafuta a giya achotse bwino madzi mu gearbox. Ndi chifukwa cha izi kuti mafuta oterowo amathiridwa nthawi ndi nthawi ndikusinthidwa.

Malinga ndi gulu lapadziko lonse lapansi TSP-15k ndi mafuta a gulu la API GL-4, omwe ndi ofunikira kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pamagalimoto onyamula katundu wolemera. Mafuta oterowo amalola kuti pakhale nthawi yayitali pakati pa kukonza kwanthawi zonse, koma kumangotsatira mosamalitsa kapangidwe kake. Komanso, m'malo kapena kuwunika momwe mafuta alili, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa asidi, komwe kumatsimikizira mphamvu ya oxidizing yamafuta.

Kuti muchite izi, ndikwanira kutenga osachepera 100 mm3 a mafuta omwe agwiritsidwa kale ntchito kale ndikuwunika ndi madontho angapo a potaziyamu hydroxide KOH osungunuka mu 85% ya ethanol yamadzi. Ngati mafuta oyambirira ali ndi kukhuthala kwakukulu, ayenera kutenthedwa mpaka 50 ... 600C. Kenako, osakaniza ayenera yowiritsa kwa mphindi 5. Ngati itatha kuwira imakhalabe ndi mtundu wake ndipo sichikhala ndi mitambo, ndiye kuti chiwerengero cha asidi cha chinthu choyambirira sichinasinthe ndipo mafuta ndi oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Apo ayi, yankho limakhala lobiriwira; mafuta awa ayenera kusinthidwa.

katundu

Magwiridwe ntchito mafuta kufala TSP-15k:

• mamasukidwe akayendedwe, cSt, pa kutentha kwa 40 ° C - 135;
• mamasukidwe akayendedwe, cSt, pa kutentha kwa 100 ° C - 14,5;
• kuthira mfundo, ºС, osati kuposa -6;
• kung'anima, ºС - 240…260;
• kachulukidwe pa 15 ° С, kg/m3 — 890…910.

Pogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse, mankhwalawa sayenera kuwononga zisindikizo ndi ma gaskets ndipo sayenera kuthandizira kupanga mapulagi a phula. Mafuta ayenera kukhala yunifolomu udzu-chikasu mtundu ndi mandala kwa kuwala. Kuyesa kwa dzimbiri mkati mwa maola atatu kuyenera kukhala kolakwika. Pazifukwa zachitetezo, mankhwalawa sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika.

Mukataya mafuta amtundu wa TSP-15k, ndikofunikira kukumbukira za kupewa kuipitsidwa kwa chilengedwe.

Ma analogue apafupi kwambiri akunja ndi Mobilube GX 80W-90 mafuta ochokera ku ExxonMobil, komanso Spirax EP90 yochokera ku Shell. M'malo mwa TSP-15, amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ena, omwe amafanana ndi TM-3 ndi GL-4.

Mtengo wamakono wamafuta omwe akufunsidwa, kutengera dera lomwe akugulitsa, amachokera ku 1900 mpaka 2800 rubles pa chidebe cha 20 lita.