Toyota Avensis 3

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Zinali chimodzimodzi (komanso) za Avensis, zomwe (kupatula zinthu ziwiri zomwe zatchulidwazi) sizidawonekere m'mibadwo iwiri yapitayi. Makamaka, aku Europe amayenera kukhala okhudzidwa ndi mawonekedwe ndi "mawonekedwe" omwe amawoneka mwa kukhudza. Ku Toyota, ali pang'onopang'ono (ndipo izi zikugwiranso ntchito ngati tiwonjezera Carino E yapitayi) kuntchito zina zomwe timaziwona mu kontinenti yakale.

Nthawi ino, kuwonjezera pa ntchito ya m'badwo wachitatu wa Avensis, adagwiritsa ntchito akatswiri awo aku Europe: koyambirira, adagwira ntchito limodzi ndi anzawo aku Japan ku Japan, kenako adasamutsira ku Europe ndikumaliza; kuchokera pakupanga ndi ukadaulo pokonzekera kupanga.

Ndipo Avensis iyi imayenera kukhala yatsopano kuyambira kumutu mpaka kumapazi. Gudumu lamagalimoto silinasinthe, monganso kutalika kwake, kokha m'lifupi ndi kutsogolo kutsogolo kwakula ndi mamilimita (nthawi zonse ndi chimodzimodzi 50). Koma nsanjayo ndiyatsopano kwambiri, ndipo chasisi ndiyatsopano kwambiri, ngakhale izi m'mawu (ndipo mwina pachithunzichi) zikufanana ndi ukadaulo wa m'badwo wakale.

Toyota ikufuna kuti Avensis yatsopano isunthire kuchokera pakatikati mpaka kumtunda chapakatikati, ndipo ndimitundu yamphamvu kwambiri komanso yokhala ndi zida zokwanira, ikuyembekezeranso kufikira gawo labwino kwambiri lofanana. Ichi ndichifukwa chake Avensis imagogomezera kwambiri zatsopano, kuyendetsa zosangalatsa ndi mawonekedwe. Kunja ndi mkati.

Ngakhale sichimasintha mapangidwe, Avensis iyi imawoneka yolimba mtima, kaya ndi sedan kapena ngolo (van). M'mbali zingapo zakuthwa, ntchafu zazitali ndi denga lokhala ndi mawonekedwe olowera pamasewera nthawi yomweyo zimakopa maso ndikupatsa galimoto mawonekedwe owoneka bwino. Malo atsopanowa ndi ocheperako pang'ono, koma pali masensa amtundu wa Optitron ndi zida zofewa zomwe zimakupatsani chidwi.

Mkati mwake mumatha kukhala wakuda kapena toni yamiyala iwiri, pakati pa bolodiyo ikhoza kumaliza ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso kumaliza kumtunda, ndipo ngakhale wina atakhala kuti sakonda mawonekedwe, atamanda kapangidwe kake, kapangidwe kake ndi zida zake. Kuphatikiza apo, ndimiyeso yofananira yakunja, adapeza danga lochulukirapo mkati, adasunga thunthu la van kuti likwere mosavuta (ndipo nthawi yomweyo adakulitsa voliyumu pang'ono) ndikupatsa dalaivala mpando wotsika pang'ono wokhala ndi chiwongolero chowongoka pang'ono .

Ma injini a Avensis amachokera ku makina odziwika bwino, koma iwo, makamaka a petulo, adutsa njira yowonjezereka yokonzanso. Zomwe Toyota imalongosola kuti Toyota Optimal Drive ndiukadaulo wa injini wodziwika komanso wotsimikiziridwa wam'badwo wam'mbuyomu, wosinthidwa bwino. Pankhani ya injini za petulo, kusintha kwina kwaukadaulo kwawonjezeredwa ku "double VVT-i" system (camshaft angle adaptability) - Valvematic (frame).

Kwa ma turbo dizilo, zinthu zingapo zasinthidwa (ma jekeseni a piezo, mafuta okwanira 2.000 bar, mawonekedwe oyaka chipinda ndi kutembenuka kwa magawo osunthika kukhala mafuta osakanikirana pang'ono) kuti apititse patsogolo magwiridwe antchito ndikuchepetsa kagwiritsidwe ka mpweya ndi mpweya. Potero, adakwanitsa, koposa zonse, makokedwe apamwamba othamanga kwambiri, pafupifupi 1.400. Zina mwa injini zamphamvu kwambiri ndi yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi yaposachedwa.

Kuyambira tsopano, onse Avensis ali ndi muyezo asanu ndi liwiro Buku HIV, komanso mitundu iwiri ya HIV. Pankhani ya injini zamafuta a 1, 8 ndi 2 malita, amadalira kufala kwamayeso oyeserera (CVT) oyeserera, omwe amathanso kutsanzira liwiro lachisanu ndi chiwiri (zodziwikiratu, koma koma ndi kusintha kwa zida zamagetsi). ), ndipo ali otsimikiza kwambiri kuti amalosera zamtsogolo za Toyota (makamaka ndi injini ya mafuta), ngakhale akuwunikiranso poyera kuthekera kopatsirana.

Dizilo ya turbo (mphamvu yapakatikati yokha) ili ndi mitundu yamagalimoto achikale (6) omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi gearchanging, ndi pulogalamu yamasewera, yotsekera kuchokera pagiya yachiwiri komanso nthawi yocheperako pang'ono kuphatikiza ndi injini za dizilo.

Chassis imatsatira mfundo yomwe tikudziwa kuchokera ku m'badwo wachiwiri wa Avensis ndipo zosintha zofunika ndi njira yotakata, mawilo akuluakulu, chiwongolero chowongolera (kutsogolo) komanso kukhazikika kwabwino (kumbuyo). Ma stabilizers amakhazikitsidwa mosiyana ndipo chiwongolero cha mphamvu yamagetsi chimapereka chiwongolero chabwino kwambiri. Anawonjezera yogwira bwererani dongosolo, amene makamaka noticeable pa liwiro lapansi.

Chassis nawonso wakhala chete, komanso kuti ayende bwino (zikafika phokoso ndi kunjenjemera) kutsekereza mawu (mawindo onse, chitetezo chowonjezerapo chipinda chama injini ndi zolimbitsa thupi) zakonzedwa bwino, chifukwa Avensis ikufunanso kupikisana ndi mbiri yabwino kwambiri magalimoto m'gulu lake lamagalimoto.

Pankhani yachitetezo cha okwera, Toyota ikuyembekeza nyenyezi zisanu pamayeso ovuta a Euro NCAP (chaka chamawa), ndipo Avensis imakhala yofanana ndi ma airbags asanu ndi awiri, ABS ndi VSC + kukhazikika (mibadwo yonse yaposachedwa) komanso zoletsa pamutu. Makina ochenjeza oyendetsa (magetsi oyatsa mabuleki ofulumira) amakhalanso ofanana, ndipo nyali zowunikira za bi-xenon zimapezeka ngati njira.

Zida zotonthoza zilinso pamlingo wokhutiritsa - monga momwe zilili kale (pamanja) ma air conditioning, ma windshields osinthika ndi magetsi, makina omvera omwe ali ndi CD player (komanso mp3) ndi ziwongolero zowongolera, komanso mabuleki amagetsi.

Phukusi la Sol likuyembekezeka kukhala lodziwika kwambiri ku Europe (wachiwiri kuchokera pansi mpaka pamwamba, ndikutsatiridwa ndi Executive, lachitatu pamzere anayi), ndipo zolosera, mwina adzagulitsa mafuta ochulukirapo a Avensis, pafupifupi atatu. kotala Buku kufala ndi za theka-sedans. Ndipo chifukwa ali pamtunda wolimba, amayembekeza zambiri kuchokera kugulitsa Avensis kwa okwatirana okalamba (pafupifupi theka) ndipo ndithudi makampani - makamaka chifukwa cha kudalirika kwambiri komanso (koma osati kokha) ndalama zochepetsera zosamalira.

Ngakhale teknoloji ndi ubwino wina wa Avensis, maonekedwe ake ndi otheka - ndipo nthawi ino kwa nthawi yoyamba - kukopa makasitomala atsopano. Uwu ndiye mtundu wopeza womwe pamapeto pake umawonetsedwa pazogawana zamsika ndi (zachuma) magwiridwe antchito. Munthawi zovuta zino, izi zikhaladi zofunika kwambiri.

Pre-kugunda dongosolo - zabwino ndi zoipa mbali

Makina otetezera kugunda omwe ali ndi sensa amayembekezera kugundana ndipo amalowererapo moyenera: amathandizira oyimilira lamba wokhala pampando ndipo (popanda lamulo loyendetsa dalaivala) mabuleki mwamphamvu kuti achepetse zovuta zakugunda. Avensis imaphatikizaponso Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC), Lane Departure Warning (LDW) ndi Lane Keeping Assist (LKA).

Mbali yabwino ndikuti imateteza okwera bwino, koma mbali yoyipa ndi yakuti dongosololi limapezeka kokha ndi mtundu wa 2.2 D-4D (150) A / T umafunika (mtengo wokwera mtengo kwambiri wa zida) - pamtengo wowonjezera. Pa Toyota, ngakhale mtundu umodzi wokha ndi wolungamitsidwa ndi chakuti dongosolo amafuna kufala basi ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri.

Valvematic - kwa injini zamafuta

Ndi njira yomwe imasinthira kutalika kwa ma valve oyamwa kutengera zomwe zikufunika pakadali pano. Njirayi ndiyosavuta komanso yosakanikirana ndipo m'malo mwake imalowetsa valavu yamagetsi panthawi yogwira ntchito. Popeza mavavu samatseguka nthawi zonse pamlingo wofanana, mphamvu zofunikira kukweza mavavu zimachepa (ndiye) ndikuwononga zoperewera zimachepetsedwa chifukwa cha magwiridwe antchito. Valvematic imapangitsa kuti mafuta aziyenda bwino, amachepetsa kutulutsa mpweya, amachulukitsa mphamvu zamainjini ndikuthandizira kuyankha kwa injini.

Izi zimapatsa injini ya 1 litre mphamvu zowonjezera 6% (poyerekeza ndi injini yofananira m'badwo wakale), makokedwe 20 a Newton mita ndi 10% yocheperako mpweya woipa. Kwa injini ya 12-lita, izi (mwa dongosolo lomwelo) ndi 1%, 8 Newton metres, ndi 14% (kapena 10 yotenga zodziwikiratu), ndi injini ya malita awiri (komwe magwiridwe antchito ndi zochepa) magawo atatu, zero newton- mita ndi 10 peresenti kapena 16 kuphatikiza ndi kufalitsa kwadzidzidzi.

Vinko Kernc, chithunzi: Tovarna