Kodi brake fluid ndi chiyani kuti muwone bwanji

Kukonza magalimoto kumaphatikizapo mndandanda wazinthu zosinthika. Chimodzi mwa izo ndikusintha ndi kuwunika kwa brake fluid (pano imatchedwa TJ). Izi zimafunika kuti mabuleki agwire bwino ntchito.

ТЖ imagwira ntchito yofunikira - kutumiza kwa mphamvu kukanikiza phula logwirira ntchito pazitsulo zogwirira ntchito. Ndiye kuti, pamene dalaivala amasindikiza chikhomo chanyema, madzimadzi amatulutsidwa kudzera pa mapaipi a mabuleki kuchokera ku master cylinder kupita ku ma brake kapena ma disc, pomwe, chifukwa chakusokonekera, galimoto imachedwetsa.

Ngati dalaivala sasintha nthawi yadzimadzi, zida zonse za makina amodzi zidzalephera. Izi zidzakhudza mwachindunji kuyendetsa galimoto.

Kodi brake fluid ndi chiyani ntchito zake

Madzi oyimitsa mgalimoto amatumiza mphamvu kuchokera ku GTZ (brake master cylinder) kupita ku mabuleki a gudumu lililonse. Zinthu zakumwa zamadzimadzi zimawalola kuti zizigwiritsidwa ntchito pama circuits otsekedwa posamutsa mphamvu kuchokera kumalekezero ena a mzere kupita kwina.

Njira yamagalimoto yamagalimoto imakhala ndi:

• brake limagwirira;
• ananyema galimoto (hayidiroliki, makina, magetsi, pneumatic ndi kuphatikiza);
• payipi.

Nthawi zambiri, bajeti komanso magalimoto apakatikati amakhala ndi ma hydraulic brake system, omwe mzere wawo umadzaza ndi TJ. M'mbuyomu, mafuta amtundu wa butyl komanso mafuta ena amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Iwo anali osakanikirana mofanana.

Madzi amakono ndi 93-98% yopangidwa ndi ether polyglycols. Opanga amagwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera zowonjezera kukonza ndi kudalirika kwa malonda awo. Chiwerengero chawo sichiposa 7%. Nthawi zina ma silicone amatengedwa ngati maziko azinthu zoterezi.

Brake master silinda

Hayidiroliki dongosolo ananyema ali okonzeka ndi yamphamvu ananyema. Gawo ili laikidwa pa chilimbikitso zingalowe ananyema. Magalimoto amakono awiri a GTZ amakono. Pamagudumu oyendetsa kutsogolo ndi magalimoto oyendetsa kumbuyo, dongosololi limagwira ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

• Gudumu loyenda kutsogolo. Nthawi zambiri, magalimoto oterowo amakhala ndi ma circuits awiri: imodzi imaphatikiza mabuleki a mawilo kumanja, ndipo inayo kumanzere.
• Kuyendetsa kumbuyo. Dera limodzi limalumikiza mabuleki a mawilo akumbuyo ndipo linalo limalumikiza matayala akutsogolo.

Magawo awiri a GTZ komanso kupezeka kwa madera awiri osiyanasiyana adapangidwa kuti azitetezedwa. Ngati kutayikira kwa TJ kudera limodzi, ndiye kuti mabuleki ena adzagwira ntchito. Zachidziwikire, izi zikhudza kwambiri kayendedwe ka mabuleki (kuyenda kwaulere kumakulirakulira mpaka nthawi yoyankha), koma mabuleki sadzatheratu.

Chida champhamvu chamabuleki chimaphatikizapo:

• Nyumba. Pamwamba pake pali thanki yokhala ndi TJ.
• Thanki yosungirako. Wopangidwa ndi pulasitiki wowonekera, kuti mutha kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa madzi osatsegula chivindikirocho. Kuti mukhale kosavuta, sikelo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakoma a thankiyo, kukulolani kuti muchepetse ngakhale kutayika kwakung'ono kwakanthawi.
• Kachipangizo msinkhu TZh. Ili mu chitsime. Mlingowu ukatsika kwambiri, nyali yoyang'anira imayatsa mwadongosolo (sikuti mitundu yonse yamagalimoto imakhala ndi alamu yotere).
• Pisitoni. Amapezeka mkati mwa GTZ motsatizana molingana ndi mfundo ya "locomotive". Ma pistoni onsewa amakhala atanyamula kasupe kuti abwerere pamalo awo oyambilira kumapeto kwa braking.
• Ndodo yopumulira. Amayendetsa pisitoni yoyamba, kenako mphamvu imafalikira kwachiwiri kudzera mu kasupe.

Mabuleki amafuna madzi

Pachitetezo pamsewu, galimoto iliyonse iyenera kukhala ndi mabuleki odalirika. Kuti mudzaze, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito madzi omwe ali ndi kapangidwe kapadera. Iyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za:

• malo otentha;
• mamasukidwe akayendedwe;
• zimakhudza mbali mphira;
• zotsatira pazitsulo;
• mafuta mafuta;
• chisokonezo.

Mfundo yophika

Pogwira ntchito mabuleki, madzimadzi akudzaza dongosololi amakhala otentha kwambiri. Izi ndichifukwa cha kutentha kwa kutentha kuchokera pama disc brake ndi ma pads. Nazi kuwerengera kwapakati pa kutentha kwa TJ, kutengera momwe zinthu zikuyendera:

Njira yoyendetsa:	Kutentha madzi ku toC
Tsata	60-70
Town	80-100
Msewu wamapiri	100-120
Kuwombera mwadzidzidzi (makina angapo motsatira)	Mpaka 150

Ngati dera lanu ladzaza ndi madzi wamba, ndiye kuti lizizizira mofulumira. Kukhalapo kwa mpweya m'dongosolo ndikofunikira kuti mabuleki agwire bwino ntchito (zojambulazo zidzalephera), chifukwa chake TJ iyenera kuphatikiza zinthu zomwe zimawonjezera malire otentha.

Madziwo sangakhale osasunthika, chifukwa chake kusunthika kolondola kumachokera ku pedal kupita mabuleki, koma ikatentha, thovu laling'ono limazungulira. Amakakamiza kuchuluka kwakumwa kwamadzi kubwerera. Dalaivala akagwiritsira ntchito mabuleki, kupanikizika kwa dera kumawonjezeka, mpweya umakanikizika, pomwe mabuleki samakanikiza ma pads molimba motsutsana ndi drum kapena disc.

Kusasamala

Popeza kukhazikika kwa dongosolo la mabuleki kumatengera kusungunuka kwa chinthu, kuyenera kusunga mawonekedwe ake osati pakatenthedwe kokha, komanso m'malo otentha kwambiri. M'nyengo yozizira, mabuleki amayenera kukhazikika monga nthawi yotentha.

TZ yochuluka imadumphadumpha pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimawonjezera nthawi yoyankhira njira zama braking. Poterepa, siziyenera kuloledwa kuti zikhale zamadzimadzi kwambiri, apo ayi zimawopseza kutayikira pamphambano za zigawo.

Mndandanda wa index ya mamasukidwe akayendedwe ka zinthu pa kutentha kwa +40 t^oC:

Standard:	Kukhuthala, mm2/ kuchokera
Mtengo wa SAE 1703	1800
ISO 4925	1500
DOT3	1500
DOT4	1800
DOT4 +	1200-1500
DOT5.1	900
DOT5	900

Kutentha kwa subzero, chizindikiro ichi sichiyenera kukhala choposa 1800 mm²/ s

Zotsatira pazigawo za raba

Pakugwira ntchito kwa mabuleki, zisindikizo zotanuka siziyenera kutaya katundu wawo. Kupanda kutero, ma cuff coarse amalepheretsa kuyenda kwa ma piston kapena kulola TJ kudutsa. Mulimonsemo, kupanikizika kwa dera sikungafanane ndi chizindikirocho, chifukwa - kuswa mabuleki.

Zotsatira pazitsulo

Ma brake fluid amayenera kuteteza magawo azitsulo ku oxidation. Izi zitha kubweretsa kuphwanya kwa galasi lamkati lamkati lama brake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi azidutsika kuchokera pakatikati pa pisitoni ndi khoma la TC.

Kusagwirizana komwe kumabweretsa kumatha kubweretsa kuvala msanga kwa zinthu za mphira. Vutoli limathandizira kuti mawonekedwe amitundu ina azioneka pamzere (zidutswa za raba kapena dzimbiri), zomwe zingakhudze kuyendetsa kwama hydraulic.

Mafuta opaka mafuta

Popeza kuyendetsa bwino kwa mabuleki agalimoto kumadalira mtundu wazinthu zosunthika zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi zida zawo, amafunikira mafuta amafuta nthawi zonse kuti aziyenda bwino. Pachifukwa ichi, kuwonjezera pa zinthu zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, TJ iyenera kuteteza kukanda pagalasi la malo ogwirira ntchito.

MaLumagani

Chimodzi mwamavuto amtunduwu wamadzi amisili ndimatha kuyamwa chinyezi kuchokera m'chilengedwe. Malo otentha ("onyowa" kapena "owuma" TZ) zimatengera kuchuluka kwa madzi amadzimadzi.

Nayi tebulo lofanizira lamalo otentha amadzimadzi onse omwe mungasankhe:

Standard TJ	Ziwiritsa "zowuma" pa toC	"Wet" (kuchuluka kwa madzi 2%), zithupsa pa toC
Mtengo wa SAE 1703	205	140
ISO 4925	205	140
DOT3	205	140
DOT4	230	155
DOT4 +	260	180
DOT5.1	260	180
DOT5	260	180

Monga mukuwonera, ngakhale kuwonjezeka pang'ono kwa chinyezi (mkati mwa awiri mpaka atatu peresenti), malo otentha amasunthira madigiri 65-80 kutsika.

Kuphatikiza pa izi, chinyezi mu HF chimawonjezera kuvala kwa ziwalo za raba, kumadzetsa dzimbiri pazinthu zachitsulo, komanso kumakulira kwambiri kutentha pang'ono.

Monga mukuwonera, ma brake fluid yamagalimoto amayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira kwambiri. Ichi ndichifukwa chake woyendetsa galimoto aliyense ayenera kutsatira malangizo a wopanga posankha ma TAs obwezeretsa ena.

Kodi mabuleki amadzimadzi amatani "zaka"?

Chofala kwambiri ndi DOT4 brake fluid. Katunduyu ali ndi zida zofunikira kwambiri, motero opanga amalangiza kuti nthawi ndi nthawi ayang'ane kapangidwe kake ndikuwongolera makilomita 40-60 iliyonse. mtunda. Ngati galimotoyo imayendetsa pafupipafupi, ndiye kuti makinawa ayenera kuthandizidwa pakatha zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu.

Monga gawo la TJ, kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kumatha kuwonjezeka ndipo ma tinthu akunja amawonekera (kuthamanga kwa njirayi kumadalira momwe magalimoto akugwirira ntchito). Kupezeka kwa omalizira kumatha kuwonedwa pakuwunika kowonera - madziwo azikhala mitambo. Izi ndichifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwachilengedwe kwa ziwalo za mphira ndikupanga dzimbiri (ngati mwiniwake wamagalimoto nthawi zambiri amanyalanyaza malamulo osinthidwa).

Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi sikungakhale kowoneka bwino (m'malo osiyanasiyana njirayi imachitika mwachangu), chifukwa chake tikulimbikitsidwa kuti nthawi ndi nthawi muziyang'ana chizindikiro ichi pogwiritsa ntchito woyesa wapadera.

Kodi ma brake fluid akuyenera kuyang'aniridwa kangati mgalimoto?

Okonda magalimoto ambiri samvetsa kuti chisamaliro cha galimoto chimafunikira choyamba paokha. Akatswiri amalangiza mwamphamvu kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi ndi mtundu wake. Mukanyalanyaza malangizowa - dongosolo lama brake limakhala lonyansa.

Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti mtundu wa "mabuleki" umatengera zinthu zambiri: nyengo, chinyezi m chilengedwe, boma la mabuleki.

Pofuna kupewa mavuto panjira, yang'anani mabuleki amadzimadzi kawiri pachaka, ndi mulingo wake - kamodzi pamwezi (nthawi zambiri).

Kuwona kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi

Chifukwa chake, monga tidalemba kale, muyenera kuwunika milingo yama brake kamodzi pamwezi. Kuphatikiza apo, izi sizitenga nthawi yanu yambiri.

Chizindikiro choyamba cha "brake" yotsika ndikulephera kwakukulu kwa brake pedal. Ngati dalaivala awona kuyenda kofewa kwambiri, muyenera kuyimitsa galimoto ndikuwona kuchuluka kwa TJ:

• Tsegulani nyumba ya makina. Chitani izi pamalo athyathyathya kuti mfundozo zizidziwike bwino.

• Pezani silinda yoyimitsira mabuleki. Nthawi zambiri, imayikidwa kumbuyo kwa chipinda chama injini, mbali ya woyendetsa. Mudzawona posungira pamwamba pamiyala.

• Onetsetsani kuchuluka kwa madzi. M'magalimoto amakono kwambiri, ndi ma Soviet nawonso, thankiyo ndiyowonekera ndipo ili ndi "min" ndi "max" pamenepo. Mulingo wa TJ uyenera kukhala pakati pazizindikirozi. Ngati galimoto yanu idapangidwa chaka cha 1980 chisanafike, dziwe lingakhale lachitsulo (osati chowonekera). Izi zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kuchotsa chivundikirocho kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe alipo.

• Onjezerani madzi posungira ngati kuli kofunikira. Bwezerani TZ mosamala. Ngati dzanja lanu limanjenjemera ndikutsanulira madzi, pukutani nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa ndi owopsa komanso owononga.

• Sinthanitsani chivundikirocho ndi kutseka nyumbayo.

Zifukwa zowunika momwe madzi amadzimadzi aliri

Popita nthawi, "mabuleki" amasintha mawonekedwe ake, izi zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa magwiridwe antchito a mabuleki onse. Simusowa kuti mufufuze zifukwa zoyesera TJ. Koma kwa iwo omwe akuyesera kuwapeza, timapereka mndandanda wawung'ono:

• "mabuleki" amatenga chinyezi ndikunyowa. Ngati ndiopitilira 3%, zinthu zonse zabwino zamadzimadzi zitha.

• madontho otentha (izi zimabweretsa "kusowa" kwa mabuleki)

• kuthekera kwakuti kuwonongeka kwa njira zama brake

Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti kusintha mabuleki amadzimadzi ndikofunikira monga kusintha mafuta amafuta kapena ozizira. Chifukwa chake, pogula galimoto, konzekerani kuti pambuyo pazaka ziwiri zogwira ntchito, ndikofunikira kusintha TZ. Mukapitiliza kugwiritsa ntchito madzi "akale", zinthu zake zopindulitsa zidzatayika.

Kodi kuwunika katundu wa madzimadzi ananyema?

"Brake" iyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi zisonyezo ziwiri:

• mulingo;

• khalidwe.

Njira iliyonse imatha kuchitika pawokha. Yoyamba, tafotokozapo kale pamwambapa, yachiwiri idapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera:

• macheka;
• mapepala oyesa.

Ananyema kuyesera kwamadzimadzi

Chipangizocho chimafanana ndi chikhomo, pathupi pake pali magetsi angapo owonetsa kuchuluka kwa chinyezi chomwe chimakhala mumadzimo. Pali ma elekitirodi awiri okhala ndi faifi tambala pansi pa kapu ya woyeserera.

TZ ili ndi magetsi ake. Madzi ataphatikizidwa, chizindikirochi chimachepa. Woyesera amayendetsedwa ndi batri. Mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa elekitirodi imodzi. Popeza magetsi amatsata njira yocheperako, kutaya kumadutsa pakati pamaelekitirodi. Kuwerengedwa kwamagetsi kumalembedwa ndi ndodo yachiwiri, yosinthidwa ndi zamagetsi za woyesa, ndikuwala kofananira kumabwera.

Kuti muwone TZ kuti mulibe madzi, ingoyatsani woyeserera ndikutsitsa. Pambuyo pa masekondi angapo, kuwalako kudzawala, kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa chinyezi. Pafupifupi 3%, ndikofunikira kusintha madzi akumwa ndi atsopano, chifukwa madzi omwe amawonekawo azithandizira kuchepa kwa dongosololi.

Mtengo wa chida choyesera mtundu wa madzi amadzimadzi

Mtengo wa refractometer wa bajeti uli m'madola 5-7. Zidzakhala zokwanira kuti zidziwike m'malo opendekera. Mutha kuwona ngati izi ndizolondola motere.

Pazitsulo zakhitchini (kapena zodzikongoletsera), 50g imayesedwa. "Wouma" (mwatsopano, wotengedwa kuchokera ku chidebe) madzi amadzimadzi. Woyesa yemwe adayikidwapo adzawonetsa 0%. Ndi syringe wamba, gawo limodzi la madzi limaphatikizidwa (0,5 g). Pambuyo pakuwonjezera kulikonse, woyesayo ayenera kuwonetsa 1% (0,5 g wamadzi); 2% (1,0 gr. Madzi); 3% (1,5 gr. Madzi); 4% (2,0 gr. Madzi).

Nthawi zambiri, zotsika mtengo zotsika mtengo zimakhala ndi zolondola zokwanira kuti zitsimikizire mtundu wa TOR pagalimoto yakunyumba. Mitundu yotsika mtengo imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo opezera kuyeza kwamadzi. Mtengo wazida zotere umasiyanasiyana 40 mpaka 170 USD. Miyeso yapanyumba sifunikira kulondola koteroko, kotero kuyesera chikhomo kosavuta ndikokwanira.

Kuwona madzimadzi osweka ndi zingwe zoyesa

Palinso njira ina yowerengera ndalama yoyezera mtundu wa ma tAs. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mizere yoyesera kuti muchite izi. Amayikidwa ndi mankhwala apadera a reagent omwe amachita ndi madziwo. Amachita mogwirizana ndi mayeso a litmus.

Kuti muwone, muyenera kutsegula thanki ku GTZ, tulutsani mzerewo ndikuviika m'madzi kwa mphindi. Nthawi ino ndikwanira kuti mapangidwe amomwemo amathandizira. Mzerewo udzasintha mtundu. Chiwerengerochi chikuyerekeza ndi zitsanzo zomwe zili phukusili.

Kodi mungasinthe bwanji madzi amadzimadzi?

Ngati diagnostics anasonyeza kufunika kothandiza dongosolo ananyema, ndiye magazi ikuchitika motere.

• Fotokozerani kuti ndi mtundu wanji wa TJ womwe akulimbikitsidwa ndiopanga galimotoyi (nthawi zambiri ndi DOT4). Pafupipafupi, chidebe cha lita chimakwanira kuthana ndi vutoli.
• Jambulani kumbuyo chakumanja (komwe magalimoto akuyenda) gawo ndikuchotsa gudumu.
• Tsitsani makinawo pa stanchion kuti kuyimitsidwa kukhale pamlingo woyenera makinawo ali pama mawilo onse.
• Tulutsani nthiti ya magazi (ndibwino kuti muchite izi ndi wrench kapena mutu, osati wrench yotseguka, kuti musasokoneze m'mphepete). Ulusiwo ukakhala "wophikidwa", zingagwiritsidwe ntchito zowonjezera mafuta (mwachitsanzo WD-40). Kuyambira pano, simungathe kuchita popanda wothandizira. Ayenera kutulutsa TAS kuchokera posungira pamwamba pa GTZ ndi jekeseni, ndikutsanulira madzi atsopano pamenepo.
• Thupi loyera limayikidwa pakhosi la magazi (limakwanira kuchokera pakukoka), mbali ina syringe imayikidwa (kapena imatsitsidwa mchidebe).
• Wothandizirayo akuyambitsa galimotoyo, kukanikiza chinsalu chanyema ndikuigwirizira. Pakadali pano, koyenera kumasulidwa mosamala ndi theka lakotembenuka. Timadziti tina takale timapopera m'jekeseni. Kuyenerera kumapindika. Njirayi imabwerezedwa mpaka madzi amadzi atalowa mu syringe.
• Gudumu imayikidwa.
• Masitepe omwewo amachitidwa ndi gudumu lakumbuyo lakumanzere ndi gudumu lakumanja kutsogolo. Kutulutsa magazi pamabuleki kuyenera kumalizidwa pambali pa driver.
• Munthawi yonseyi, ndikofunikira kuwunika momwe mabuleki amathandizira kuti mpweya usalowe.

Popeza madzi amadzimadzi amakhala ndi mankhwala ovuta, ayenera kutayidwa ngati zinyalala zowopsa (musaziponyere mumtsuko wazinyalala kapena kutsanulira pansi, koma lemberani ntchito yoyenera).

Kodi madzi amadzimadzi amasinthidwa kangati?

Ziwerengero zakuchulukitsa kwa ma tAs sizitengedwa kumutu, zimayendetsedwa ndi wopanga, kutengera kapangidwe kake ndi katundu wake. Nthawi zambiri, kusintha kwa TJ kumachitika pamaso pa 30-60 km.

Koma osati mileage imakhudza mtundu wa madzi amadzimadzi. Chizindikiro chofunikira pakusintha kwake ndi mtundu, womwe ungadziwike pogwiritsa ntchito mizere yoyesa. Akatswiri amalangiza kulabadira dongosolo lonse la mabuleki. Ngati ili ndi nkhawa, ndiyofunika kusintha TZ.

Mafunso wamba:

Kodi brake fluid ndi chiyani? Mabuleki amadzimadzi amaperekedwa mgalimoto iliyonse yama hydraulic braking system. Chifukwa cha kutseka kwa mabuleki otsekedwa, kuthamanga kwamadzimadzi, kupindika kwa mabuleki kukapwetekedwa mtima, kumalola masilindala ogwirira ntchito kukanikiza zikhadabozo polimbana ndi ng'oma kapena zimbale.

Kodi mumakonda kusintha kangati madzi pagalimoto yanu? Zaka ziwiri zilizonse, mosasamala za mtunda. Mabuleki amadzimadzi ndiosakanikirana, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti pang'onopang'ono amapeza chinyezi ndikusiya katundu wake.

Chifukwa chiyani kuli kofunika kusintha madzi amadzimadzi? Monga madzi amtundu uliwonse, madzi amadzimadzi amakhala ndi zowonjezera zomwe zimatopa pakapita nthawi. Poterepa, mabuleki amadzimadzi amaipitsidwa pang'onopang'ono, mawonekedwe ake amatayika mpaka kuwira.