Sefa yamafuta
Fyuluta yamafuta m'magalimoto ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pamakina amafuta omwe amasefa tinthu tating'ono ta dzimbiri ndi fumbi, komanso kuwalepheretsa kulowa mu mzere wamafuta. Popanda fyuluta komanso ndi malo ang'onoang'ono othamanga mu mzere wa mafuta, tinthu tating'ono ta fumbi ndi dzimbiri zimatseka dongosolo, kuteteza kuperekedwa kwa mafuta ku injini.
The fyuluta dongosolo lagawidwa magawo awiri kusefera. Gawo lalikulu ndi loyamba la kuyeretsa mafuta ndi kuyeretsa kolimba, komwe kumachotsa tinthu tambiri tambiri pamafuta. Gawo lachiwiri lakuyeretsa ndikuyeretsa mafuta bwino, fyuluta iyi imayikidwa pakati pa tanki yamafuta ndi injini imakulolani kuchotsa tinthu tating'ono ta dothi.
Mitundu ndi magulu a zosefera
Kutengera dongosolo lamafuta, fyuluta yabwino imasankhidwa pazifukwa zomwe fyuluta iliyonse yamafuta aliwonse imakhala yosiyana ndi mapangidwe.
Chifukwa chake, tili ndi mitundu itatu ya zosefera kutengera dongosolo loperekera mafuta:
- Carburetor;
- Jekeseni;
- Dizilo.
Zosefera amagawidwa m'magulu awiri: chachikulu (iwo ali mu mzere mafuta okha (mwachitsanzo: gululi mu thanki), komanso submersible - iwo anaika mu thanki pamodzi ndi mpope.
Chosefera chokulirapo chamafuta ndi sefa ya mauna, komanso chowunikira, mauna amakhala ndi mkuwa ndipo salola kuti tinthu tokulirapo kuposa 0,1 mm tilowe. Chifukwa chake, fyuluta iyi imachotsa zonyansa zazikulu pamafuta. Ndipo gawo losefera palokha lili mugalasi, lomwe limamangiriridwa ndi mphete yaying'ono ndi ma bolts. Paronite gasket imatseka kusiyana pakati pa galasi ndi thupi. Ndipo pansi pa galasi pali pacifier yapadera.
Chifukwa chake, fyulutayo imatsuka mafuta asanalowe mumafuta. Komanso, fyuluta yamafuta imagwiritsa ntchito valavu yochepetsera jekeseni, yomwe imayang'anira kuthamanga kwa ntchito mu dongosolo la mafuta, zonsezi zimayikidwa kuwonjezera pa jekeseni mwachindunji. Ndipo mafuta ochulukirapo amatha kubwereranso ku thanki yamafuta. M'dongosolo la dizilo, fyuluta imagwiritsidwa ntchito mofananamo, koma imakhala ndi mapangidwe osiyana.
Ngati fyuluta yamafuta iyenera kusinthidwa nokha, choyamba muyenera kudziwa malo a fyulutayo. Mwachikhazikitso zidzakhala:
- Pansi pansi pa galimoto;
- mu thanki yamafuta (ma mesh mu thanki);
- Chipinda cha injini.
Fyuluta yamafuta imatha kusinthidwa mosavuta popanda kuthandizidwa ndi akatswiri, koma ngati mukukayikira luso lanu, mutha kufunsa malangizo kwa oyendetsa odziwa zambiri kapena kufunsa akatswiri. Komanso, akatswiri amanena kuti muyenera kusintha mafuta fyuluta iliyonse 25000 Km. Koma zimatengeranso mafuta omwe mumagwiritsa ntchito, ngati mafutawo ndi otsika, ndiye kuti izi zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zizichitika pafupipafupi.
Zosefera Zotsekera
Zizindikiro zazikulu zosonyeza kuti fyuluta yatsekedwa:
- Mukamayendetsa mtunda, zimakugwedezani kwambiri;
- Kutsika kwakukulu kwa mphamvu ya injini;
- Injini nthawi zambiri imayima;
- Kuchulukitsa kwamafuta;
- Kuyendetsa galimoto pamene mukuyendetsa.
Makamaka madalaivala azachuma amayesa kunyenga ndikutsuka fyuluta ndi madzi ndikuyiyikanso. Izi sizingatsogolere ntchitoyi, popeza dothi limalowetsedwa mu ulusi wa mauna ndipo sikophweka kulitsuka. Koma pambuyo kuyeretsa koteroko, fyulutayo imataya mphamvu zake, zomwe zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kwa galimotoyo.
Izi zimafuna kudalira khalidwe, kotero tikukulangizani kuti mugwiritse ntchito magawo oyambirira, apa pali ena mwa opanga zida za Toyota: ACDelco, Motorcraft ndi Fram.
Ndikoyenera kusintha fyuluta pokhapokha panja, utsi wamafuta ndi wowopsa kwa thanzi ndipo ungayambitse moto, tikulimbikitsidwa kukonzekera chozimitsira moto musanayambe ntchito. Osasuta kapena kuyatsa moto pafupi ndi makinawo. Tikukulangizani kuti mutsegule batire kuti mupewe zopsereza. Ndikulimbikitsidwanso kuyang'anira kuthamanga kwa dongosolo.
Kuchotsa fyuluta
Chifukwa chakuti zosefera ndizosiyana pamapangidwe, ma aligorivimu m'malo mwake adzakhala osiyana. Komabe, mwachitsanzo, anasankha galimoto - Toyota Yaris. Choyamba, timachepetsa kupanikizika m'dongosolo. Kuti tichite izi, tidzachotsa fusesi ya pampu yamafuta, yomwe ili pafupi ndi giya. Njirayi yayimitsa mpope ndipo tsopano titha kuyambitsa injini. Pambuyo podikirira mphindi 1-2, injiniyo idzayima, yomwe idzakhala chizindikiro chodziwikiratu cha kuchepa kwa mphamvu mu dongosolo la mafuta. Tsopano tiyeni tipitirire ku gudumu lakumanja, kumene fyuluta yokha ili. Ili kumanja, pafupi ndi thanki yamafuta. Tsegulani mpope mwa kukanikiza latches. Chotsani fyuluta yakale. Samalani mukayika, muvi pa fyuluta uyenera kupita kumayendedwe amafuta. Timabwezera fusesi yamafuta ndipo, ngati kuli kotheka, "kuyatsa" galimoto. Chifukwa cha kusalinganizika kwa kupanikizika kwamafuta, galimotoyo sidzayambanso nthawi yoyamba, muyenera kudikirira mpaka kupanikizika kwadongosolo kukhazikika.
Tiyeni tizindikire kuti panalibe fyuluta pa magalimoto akale ndipo woyendetsa amayenera kulumikiza yekha. Mlandu wokhazikika ndi pamene izi zidachitika mu gawo la mzere woyamwa, kutsogolo kwa mpope wamafuta. Ndikoyenera kuganizira kuti pali zitsanzo zamakono zopanda fyuluta, komanso zomwe zili ndi jekeseni zilibe mapampu. Mwachitsanzo, Ford Focus ndi Mondeo anali opanda zosefera kuyambira pachiyambi pomwe, ndipo gawoli silinaphatikizidwe ku Renault Logan pafupifupi zaka zisanu zapitazo. Ngati mungafune, mutha kubwezeretsanso dongosololo nokha, koma mumitundu yamakono izi zilibe kanthu: zatsimikiziridwa mwamphamvu kuti gululi limatha pafupifupi nthawi imodzi ndi mpope wokha. M'mawonekedwe awa, msonkhano uyenera kusinthidwa kwathunthu, womwe umakhala wosangalatsa wokwera mtengo, komanso wovuta komanso wovuta, popeza mpope nthawi zambiri umakhala pamalo osokonekera, ndipo palibe ukadaulo waukadaulo.
Ngakhale pali zitsanzo zopanda zosefera, zitsanzo zimathanso kukhala ndi makonzedwe osiyanasiyana. Fyuluta ikhoza kukhala kutali; kapena pitani ndi cartridge yosinthika, yomwe ili mwachindunji pampopi yamafuta. Malangizo ochotsedwa mosavuta ndi chinthu cholumikizira cha mzere wamafuta. Kuti muwachotse, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito pliers-mphuno yozungulira.
