Opanga 10 apamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi opanga feteleza

Feteleza ndi gawo lofunikira pazaulimi zonse. Kaya mukufuna kuwonjezera zokolola kapena kuwonjezera zokolola, feteleza amatenga gawo lofunikira lomwe silingakanidwe pamtengo uliwonse. Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza moyenera kungathe kuonjezera zokolola, kupereka zotsatira zodabwitsa.

Ngakhale kuti padziko lonse pali makampani ambiri a feteleza omwe amaonetsetsa kuti alimi akwaniritsa zosowa zawo, ndi ochepa amene angadalire. Tiyeni tiwone mwachangu makampani opanga feteleza apamwamba padziko lonse lapansi mu 2022.

10. SAFCO

Yakhazikitsidwa mu 1965 ku Saudi Arabia ndi SAFCO, Saudi Arabian Fertilizer Company ili ndi mwayi wokhala kampani yoyamba ya petrochemical mdziko muno. Anatsegulidwa ngati mgwirizano pakati pa nzika za dziko lino ndi boma la dzikolo kuti apititse patsogolo chitukuko cha chakudya ndi ndalama wamba. Panthawiyo, idachita bwino kwambiri ndipo posachedwa idadzikhazikitsa ngati imodzi mwamakampani abwino kwambiri a feteleza padziko lapansi. Amatsimikizira mtundu wazinthu komanso kukhutira kwamakasitomala ndikuchita nawo mbali.

9. K+S

K+S AG, yomwe kale inali Kali ndi Salz GmbH, ndi kampani yaku Germany yomwe ili ku Kassel. Kuwonjezera pa feteleza wa mankhwala ndiponso amene amagulitsa kwambiri potaziyamu, ndi imodzi mwa mayiko amene amapanga mchere wambiri padziko lonse. Kugwira ntchito ku Ulaya ndi ku America, K+S AG imapanga ndi kugawa mchere wina wofunikira monga magnesium ndi sulfure, padziko lonse lapansi. Yakhazikitsidwa mu 1889, kampaniyo idatenga ndikuphatikizana ndi makampani ang'onoang'ono a feteleza ndipo motero idakhala gawo limodzi lalikulu komanso kampani yayikulu yogulitsa feteleza ndi mankhwala ofunikira.

8. Makampani a KF

Kwa zaka pafupifupi 70, makampani a CF sanasiyirepo kanthu kuti atsimikizire kufunika kwake popereka mankhwala abwino kwambiri ndi feteleza kuti apititse patsogolo kupanga ndi kugulitsa zinthu. Zogulitsa zapamwamba, kaya nayitrogeni, potashi kapena phosphorous, kampaniyo imagulitsa zonsezi ndi ntchito yotamandika. Anthu apeza chidaliro ndi kudalirika kwa feteleza ndi mankhwala awo chifukwa chaubwino wawo komanso zotsatira zake zomaliza. Ali ndi mndandanda wautali wazinthu zogwiritsira ntchito zaulimi ndi mafakitale zomwe zimayesedwa bwino ndikuchita bwino.

7. BASF

Pansi pa mawu akuti "Timapanga chemistry", BASF yakhala imodzi mwamakampani odalirika a feteleza ndi mankhwala omwe akhalabe abwino komanso opambana pazogulitsa zake zonse. Amapereka zakudya zosiyanasiyana zoyambira, zachiwiri ndi zapamwamba komanso mankhwala ofunikira kuti apititse patsogolo zokolola. Amawonetsetsanso kuti zogulitsa ndi zachilengedwe komanso zokhazikika. Kuphatikiza pa mankhwala, amaperekanso ntchito zawo m'madera ena okhudzana ndi ulimi. Zogulitsa zamaluwa za BASF ndizodalirika komanso zimapereka zabwino komanso zokolola zambiri. Pamodzi ndi kudyetsa mbewu, amagwiranso ntchito kudyetsa ziweto.

6. PJSC Uralkali

Kampani yopanga feteleza ya PJSC Uralkali idachokera ku Russia ndipo yachitapo kanthu poyerekezera ndi makampani onse a feteleza omwe akugwira ntchito mdziko muno. Ndi amodzi mwa amalonda akulu kwambiri komanso ogulitsa feteleza ndi mankhwala m'maiko ambiri padziko lapansi. Misika yayikulu yoperekedwa ndi feteleza wa kampaniyi ndi Brazil, India, China, Southeast Asia, Russia, United States ndi Europe. Posachedwapa, yakhala imodzi mwamafakitale ofunika kwambiri, omwe amapereka mankhwala apamwamba kwambiri ndipo motero anakwanitsa kupeza chithunzithunzi chofunika kwambiri pamsika. Potash ores ndi nkhokwe zawo zimapangitsa kukhala yachiwiri kukula padziko lonse mu dera lolingana.

5. Mankhwala a Israeli

Kampani yopanga mankhwala padziko lonse lapansi yomwe imapanga zinthu zabwino kwambiri, kuphatikiza feteleza ndi mankhwala ena okhudzana nawo omwe akuti amathandizira kutulutsa, amatchedwa Israel Chemicals Ltd. Imadziwikanso kuti ICL, kampaniyo imagwira ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, ndi zazikulu kuphatikiza zaulimi, chakudya ndi uinjiniya. Kuphatikiza pa feteleza wabwino kwambiri, kampaniyi imapanganso mankhwala ambiri monga bromine, motero imapanga gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a bromine padziko lonse lapansi. Ndilonso lachisanu ndi chimodzi pakupanga potaziyamu padziko lonse lapansi. Israel Corporation, yomwe ndi imodzi mwamabungwe akuluakulu aku Israeli, imayang'anira magwiridwe antchito a ICL.

4. Yara International

Yara International inakhazikitsidwa mu 1905 ndi cholinga chachikulu chothetsa mavuto a njala ku Ulaya, yomwe inali yovuta kwambiri panthawiyo. Kuyambira mu 1905, Yara International yapita patsogolo kwambiri ndipo lero yakhala imodzi mwamakampani otchuka kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.

Kuphatikiza pa feteleza, amaperekanso mapulogalamu a zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso njira zamakono zowonjezeretsa zokolola. Amagwiranso ntchito kuti zinthu ziziyenda bwino m’njira yosasokoneza chilengedwe kudzera muzaulimi. Chifukwa chake, titha kufotokozera mwachidule magwiridwe antchito a Yara monga kupereka mayankho azakudya zamasamba, mayankho ogwiritsira ntchito nayitrogeni, ndi njira zotetezera chilengedwe.

3. Saskatchewan Potash Corporation

Zakudya zitatu zazikulu komanso zazikulu za mbewu ndi NPK, mwachitsanzo nayitrogeni, potaziyamu ndi phosphorous. Potash Corporation ndi imodzi mwamakampani otsogola padziko lonse lapansi a feteleza, omwe amapereka feteleza wapamwamba kwambiri komanso michere yofunika yachiwiri ndi mankhwala ena omwe amatha kukulitsa zokolola zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Ntchito zamakampani ku Canada ndizosiyana ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu a mphamvu zapadziko lonse lapansi, zomwe ndi zopambana mwazokha. Amaperekanso ntchito zawo kumayiko aku South America, Middle East ndi Asia. Posachedwa, Potash Corp yachita gawo lalikulu pakukulitsa zokolola komanso kukwaniritsa zosowa zapadziko lonse lapansi.

2. Kampani ya Mose

Zikafika pakupanga ndi kutsatsa kwa potaziyamu ndi phosphate zovuta, Mosaic ndiye kampani yayikulu padziko lonse lapansi. Kampaniyo ili ndi othandizira m'maiko asanu ndi limodzi ndipo ili ndi antchito pafupifupi 9000 omwe amawagwirira ntchito kuti awonetsetse zinthu zabwino zomwe zingapereke zotsatira zabwino kwambiri. Ali ndi malo a Mosaic ku Central Florida komwe amakumba miyala ya phosphate. Kuphatikiza apo, amakhalanso ndi malo ku North America komwe potashi adakumbidwa kale. Zokololazo zimakonzedwa kuti zibweretse zakudya zopatsa thanzi ndikugulitsidwa kumadera osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi komwe kuli malo olimapo.

1. Agrium

Monga imodzi mwamagawo akuluakulu padziko lonse lapansi ogawa feteleza, Agrium yadzipanga kukhala imodzi mwamakampani otsogola kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Popeza feteleza amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuchulukitsa zokolola, kudalira pa feteleza kwawononga kwambiri. Kuti zinthu zikhale zosavuta,

Agrium ikugwira ntchito yopanga ndikupereka feteleza wambiri wofunikira komanso wofunikira, kuphatikiza nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potashi. Kampaniyo ili ndi mabungwe ku North America, South America ndi Australia, omwe amapereka feteleza ndi mankhwala apamwamba kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, amagulitsanso mbewu, zoteteza zomera monga mankhwala ophera tizirombo, mankhwala ophera udzu ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, komanso amapereka upangiri pazaulimi ndi njira zogwirira ntchito kwa alimi.

Kuchuluka kwenikweni kwa feteleza m'munda kungathandize kukwaniritsa kufunikira kwa chakudya padziko lonse lapansi. Ndizosadabwitsa kuti makampani angapo amadzinenera kuti ndiabwino kwambiri, makampani a feteleza omwe ali pamwambawa atsimikizira kuti ndiwofunika ndipo adalowa nawo pamndandanda 10 wapamwamba kwambiri.