Zovuta zina zomwe zimachitika Niva VAZ 2121. Zomwe zimakonzedwa ndikukonza. Malangizo a akatswiri

Ndikufuna kuti nthawi yomweyo ndikuwonetseni kuti 80-90% ya magalimoto omwe amabwera kwa ife kuti atithandize ndi magalimoto amakampani, mabizinesi, mabungwe aboma. Ndipo zowonadi amawapha mwachangu momwe angathere. Mwachitsanzo, pakabuka vuto ndi pampu yamafuta, mumatsegula thanki, ndipo pali dothi kotero kuti sizidziwika bwino zomwe zidatsanuliridwa pamenepo. Chabwino, ndine amene ndasokonezedwa.

Choncho, pa injini: ambiri, injini voliyumu ya malita 1,7 tinganene kuti odalirika, koma pali mfundo yofooka. Izi ndi zonyamula ma hydraulic. Popotoza ndi kupotoza zonyamula ma hydraulic, kuyesetsa kwina kumafunika: ngati akafinyidwa, amawotchera, ngati sakupanikizidwa, amamasula. Choncho, ndi bwino kuti musakwere mu injini nokha, ndipo nthawi zambiri ndi bwino kuti musakwerenso mu injini, monga akunena, musasokoneze ntchito ya galimoto. Kuwonongeka kwa ma compensators a hydraulic kumawonetseredwa ndi kugogoda pang'ono, ndipo ngati kusagwira ntchito kwa ma hydraulic bearings sikunakhazikitsidwe mu nthawi, ndiye kuti camshaft ya valve imayamba kudya. Kukakamira kokhazikika kwa ma hydraulic bearings kumabweretsa kusweka kwa njira yoperekera mafuta. Pofika makilomita 100, unyolowo umatambasulidwa, umakhala mzere umodzi pamenepo kotero kuti umapanga phokoso lochepa. Komanso, ngati damper imadula, ndipo ili kale pulasitiki pamenepo, ndipo unyolowo umadula pamutu ndi gawo la chivundikiro cha valve. Unyolo ukatambasulidwa, mudzaumva kuti ukuyamba kunjenjemera. Ndipo ndikufunanso kuzindikira kuti pali zida zosinthira za unyolo wamtundu wokayikitsa kwambiri. Ndi bwino kukumba zida zosinthira izi m'masitolo odalirika.

Chabwino, tsopano kufala. Zopereka, kwenikweni, sizinapusitse mutu wanu ngati mutsatira mafuta. Koma makadiwo amafunika kuthiridwa mafuta nthawi zonse, kutanthauza mitanda. Anayendetsa makilomita 10 ndi mafuta, chifukwa amalephera mofulumira kwambiri. Ndizovuta kwambiri kusintha mtanda, ndipo nthawi zambiri cardan imakhala yopunduka panthawi yosintha, choncho, kuti musalowe m'malo mwa cardan, ndi bwino kudzoza mitanda 000 zikwi iliyonse. Malo owawa, a milatho, omwe amapereka - uku ndikutuluka kwa zisindikizo zamafuta. Ngati chisindikizo cha mafuta chikutuluka ndipo simusintha kapena kuwonjezera mafuta panthawi yake, izi zimabweretsa kulephera kwa nkhani yonse yotumizira. Mu zitsanzo zaposachedwa za Niva, kuyambira kumapeto kwa 10, zisindikizo zamafuta za ku Germany zimayikidwa, ndiye kuti palibe mavuto ndi iwo, amatumikira mwangwiro, palibe zodandaula za iwo. Kuchokera ku 2011 mpaka 2005, panali vuto mu cardan shafts, ndipo chilemacho chinali kugwedezeka, koma makamaka nkhani zonsezi zinathetsedwa pansi pa chitsimikizo.

Mwa kuyimitsidwa. Sindikudziwa chifukwa chake mapangidwe a ma hubs sanasinthidwebe, chifukwa madzi nthawi zonse amalowa muzitsulo ndipo mafuta amataya katundu wake. Mafuta odzola, monga momwe amayenera kukhalira okonza, amafunika kusinthidwa makilomita 30 aliwonse, ndipo kwa iwo omwe amawombera pamsewu, ndi bwino nthawi zambiri, makamaka pambuyo pa 000 zikwi. Komanso, chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi chakuti mayendedwe olephera sadzipereka okha mwanjira iliyonse ndipo samatulutsa hum, monga pamakina ena. Ndipo pamapeto pake, amayamba kudya nkhokwe, ndiyeno muyenera kusintha osati ma bere, komanso malo, ndipo ichi sichinthu chotsika mtengo. Komanso, mayendedwe gudumu kutsogolo tapered-chosinthika, ndiye kuti, muyenera kudziwa kusintha izo, ndipo ngati overtighten, amayamba kudya likulu. Palibe zovuta ndi ma semi-axes, sanakhotedwepo. Chokhacho chomwe chimachitika ndikuti pambuyo pakuyenda bwino kwa zikwi zosakwana 15, ngati kuli kofunikira kuchotsa ma axle shafts, ndiye kuti pamakhala vuto lalikulu, chifukwa kunyamula sikungachotsedwe, ndipo muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito pafupifupi kuwotcherera gasi. kutenthetsa ndipo mwanjira ina kuchotsa chitsulo chachitsulo . Zambiri kutsogolo! Vuto lofala kwambiri limapezeka ku Niva, izi zimachitika chifukwa cha zovundikira pagalimoto. Amang'ambika nthawi zonse, chifukwa mapangidwe a mlanduwo ndi osangalatsa kwambiri. Ngakhale atayikidwa, amawoneka ngati akutembenuzidwa pang'ono, ndipo akazunguliridwa, amadzipera okha. Ndipo izi zimatsogolera ku mfundo yakuti ngati chivundikirocho sichinasinthidwe mu nthawi, mafuta amatsukidwa ndipo galimotoyo imalephera. Ndipo mothandizidwa ndi dzimbiri, imadya mwachangu ma splines a shaft, ndipo m'malo mwake, nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti shaft sichitika muutumiki ndipo muyenera kusintha gulu lonse lagalimoto. Chifukwa chake, zophimba zoyendetsa ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse, kapena kusinthidwa pakapita nthawi yochepa. Niva alibe vuto ndi kuyimitsidwa kumbuyo, makamaka, ngati muphulitsa msewu, ndiye kuti mipiringidzo yakumbuyo imatha kukwera mpaka 150 km. Koma zimbalangondo za mpira zimauluka mofulumira kwambiri, zimapita pamtunda wa makilomita oposa 100, koma ndi ntchito yosamala amayamwitsa pafupifupi makilomita 000. Ndipo musaiwale kutsatira zovundikira chiwongolero. Chiwongolerocho ndi chodalirika, ndipo chimathamanga popanda kukonzanso pafupifupi 50 zikwi mileage. Chiwongolero cha trapezoid chimagwira ntchito kuchokera ku 100 mpaka 000 makilomita zikwi, zowonongeka ndi zosachepera 100. Pakhoza kukhala mavuto ndi kuyimitsidwa kutsogolo pamene mukuyendetsa padera pamtunda wovuta, midadada yamtunda wapamwamba imalephera. Komanso, pokonza, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti ma axles a levers amadzimbirira pamtengowo ndipo zimakhala zovuta kuwachotsa, mungafunike kugwiritsa ntchito kuwotcherera mpweya.

Pa mabuleki pa Niva kulibe mafunso konse. Pokhapokha mutachoka pamsewu, mabuleki akumbuyo ayenera kutsukidwa. Chotupa chachikulu choyimitsa sichimalephera konse, ndipo zonunkhira zokha zimathamanga pafupifupi 100 zikwi.

Ndi magetsi. Pafupifupi m'galimoto yakhumi iliyonse, kuphulika kwa fan fan kumawoneka. Nthawi zambiri izi zimawonekera mu kuzizira. Izi zikuwopseza m'malo fani, si kukonza. Hydrocorrector yowunikiranso nthawi zambiri imasweka, machubu amaphulika, ndipo chifukwa chake, ngakhale mutakweza chowongolera mpaka kumapeto, nyali zowunikira zimawala pansi pazovomerezeka. Chinthu chinanso chotere: mphete yopondereza ya gasket ya pampu yamafuta, imagwera pamadzi oyandama ndipo mulingo wamafuta mu thanki umawonetsedwa molakwika. Ndipo kuti athetse vutoli, nthawi zambiri ndikofunikira kuchotsa pansi, mapanelo, chepetsa kuti muthe kuchotsa mpope. Kukonza uku kumatenga maola awiri okhazikika pamalo operekera chithandizo.

Mfundo, malinga ndi Lada Niva, mwina chirichonse. Ambiri, maganizo anga kuti panopa Niva VAZ 2121, ndi yokonza yake ndi ntchito yachibadwa, ndi mpaka 100 ki. nthawi zambiri imakhala galimoto yopanda mavuto. Ndipo chinthu chachikulu ndikuwunika momwe galimotoyo ilili nthawi zonse ndikukonza ndikusintha zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Ngati kukonza kuli kofunika, kungatheke ndi manja anu, chinthu chachikulu ndikusankha zida zapamwamba. Kuti muchite izi, ndi bwino nthawi zonse kugwira ntchito ndi ogulitsa odalirika, popeza tsopano mutha kuyitanitsa chilichonse sitolo yapaintaneti ya zida zosinthiram'malo motaya nthawi yambiri mukufufuza.