Njira: kutumizirana mwachangu

Kutumiza kwa dummies

Ma gearbox odzichitira okha, ma gearbox otsatizanatsatizana, bokosi la giya loboti, ma dimmers, dual clutch, hydrostatic gearbox… njingayo tsopano ili ndi njira zingapo za gearbox. Ndikokwanira kutaya Chilatini chanu. The Biker's Lair imakupatsirani chithunzithunzi chaching'ono kuti muwone bwino.

Panacea yozungulira konsekonse mu motorsport, bokosi lokhazikika ndilo gulu lathu latsiku ndi tsiku. Chifukwa Bambo Jourdain amachita prose popanda kudziwa, wogwiritsa ntchito woipitsitsa wa 125 Chinese ali ndi bokosi lokhazikika, monga Porsche yatsopano. Ndipotu, ndi bokosi, malipoti omwe amapezeka "motsatira", i.e. mu dongosolo lenileni ndi losasinthika.

Inde, mosiyana ndi galimoto, mukhoza kupita molunjika kuchokera pachiwiri mpaka 4 kapena 5, ngati mukufuna, pa njinga yamoto, masitepe ayenera kutsatiridwa, 3, 4, ndipo potsiriza 5. Cholakwika mu mbiya yosankha makina omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale njira yodutsa, mosiyana ndi lever yosuntha, yomwe ili pamalo omwe mwasankha m'galimoto.

Zofanana

Pa bokosi la gear lachikhalidwe, kusintha kwakusintha kumayendetsedwa ndi mbiya yosankha. Amati gearbox imayenderana chifukwa timasinthasintha magiya motsatana popanda kudumpha magiya.

Mabokosi a robotic

Panopa apezeka pa Yamaha FJR AS ndi 1200 VFR DTC adathandizidwa mwanjira ina. Ili ndilo bokosi la "mbiya" lachizolowezi, kumene kuwongolera kumayendetsedwa ndi chithandizo chamagetsi. Woyendetsa ndege amakoka chowombera ndikupangitsa kuti zowulutsira zidutse akafuna.

Kuwongolera kumagwira ntchito nthawi imodzi pa chosankha ndi clutch, kukulolani kuti mugwiritse ntchito kapena kuchotsa magiya.

M'malo mwake, kufala kwa njinga yamoto sikusintha, kumangoyang'anira, zomwe zimangochitika zokha. Pofuna kupewa kuti musadziyimire panthawi yoyimitsa, clutch imakhalanso kapolo kapena ikhoza kukhala centrifugal ngati njinga yamoto yovundikira kotero kuti imadzipangitsa kuti ikhale pansi pa injini inayake ya RPM. Pankhani ya magwiridwe antchito, palibe kusintha, palibe chomwe chimasintha. Clutch iwiri ndiyabwinoko pang'ono. Mphamvu yokhayo yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi woyendetsa ndege kuti athetse ndikugwira ntchito yosankhidwayo tsopano imaperekedwa ndi injini.

Cup NTCHITO

Bokosi la 1300 FJR ndi bokosi lotsatizana la robotic. Amatha kulamulidwa ndi manja kapena mapazi. Clutch lever yapita. Uwu ndi mtundu wa zodziwikiratu.

CVT "Zosiyanasiyana za Gear Zopitilira"

Magiya osinthika mosalekeza, kapena "zosintha", amapezeka pa scooters ndi kupitirira Aprilia Mana. Tikukamba za kusinthasintha kosalekeza chifukwa palibe zotengera zapakatikati monga momwe zilili pa gearbox.

Kujambula fanizo, bokosi ndi makwerero, dimmer ndi ndege yolowera. Kuyenda kumayendetsedwa kuchokera ku pulley yoyendetsa kupita ku pulley yomwe imadutsa pa lamba. Pamene kukhazikitsa kukuchitika mwa kuchepetsa ma pulleys, lamba amasunthira pamenepo, akugwedezeka mosalekeza popanda kuyimitsa torque yotumizira.

M'malo mwake, woyendetsa ndegeyo amakhalabe wotseguka nthawi zonse, zomwe zimamutsimikizira kuti "cannon" imathamanga. Kuipa kwa ndondomekoyi: mphamvu zake zochepa zomwe zimapangidwira ndi dongosolo lalikulu lozizira lomwe limafunikira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri. Fananizani chikhumbo chanu cha 850 ndi 900 mana ndipo muwona. Kuthamanga pamwamba pa ma cones, lambawo amapaka ndi kuvala, kutaya mphamvu zomwe zimasanduka kutentha. Ndicho chifukwa chake, kupatulapo osowa (Daf, Fiat, Audi), si ntchito kapena pang'ono ntchito galimoto.

The dimmer akhoza mwangwiro centrifugal, monga mu 95% ya milandu, kapena zamagetsi, monga Mana kapena Burgman 650. Mu nkhani yachiwiri, kayendedwe dimmer amalamulidwa ndi actuators pakompyuta kuti kudziwa bwino zida chiŵerengero malinga ndi liwiro injini ndi kutsegula kwa throttle. Ubwino wake ndikutha kuphatikizira mapu a dimmer ndi mapu a jakisoni mokomera kuchuluka kwa magwiridwe antchito komanso kutsika pang'ono poyerekeza ndi dimmer ya centrifugal. Mosiyana ndi dimmer ya centrifugal yomwe imangoyankha kuthamanga kwa injini, dimmer yamagetsi imatha kutenga chiŵerengero chautali kwambiri pamene ikuyenda mwakachetechete pa intaneti ya gasi chifukwa simukusowa mphamvu. Choncho, kuchepetsa kumwa. M'malo mwake, mumatsegula mwadzidzidzi, dimmer imayenda mugiya yayifupi kwambiri kuti ikupatseni kuthamanga koyenera. Njirayi imakhalanso ndi mwayi wolola woyendetsa ndege kuti asankhe yekha ndi chosinthira chosankha pa malo enieni a "liwiro". Izi ndi zomwe Mana, Gilera 800 GP ndi Burgman 650 amapereka. Kuchokera kwa wogwiritsa ntchito, ndi pafupi kwambiri ndi 1300 FJ, koma mfundo ndizosiyana kwambiri, choncho chisokonezo m'maganizo a anthu.

Electronic drive Burgman 650

Mosiyana ndi ma scooters okhala ndi ma dimmers a centrifugal, Burgman 650 ili ndi dimmer yamagetsi yomwe imayendetsedwa molingana ndi liwiro, liwiro komanso kutseguka.

Aprilia Mana woyamba basi roadster alinso okonzeka ndi dimmer pakompyuta ankalamulira. Samalani ndi mpweya wofunika kwambiri, womwe ndi wofanana ndi kutentha kotero kuti ukhale wochepa.

kufalikira kwa hydrostatic

Kufika kwa VFR 1200 DTC kusatipangitse kuiwala kufala kwina kwa Honda komwe kulipo pa DN 01 yotchedwa HFT (Human Friendly Transmission)

Kupatsirana kwaubwenzi kwamunthu

Magalimoto Oyendetsedwa Ndi giya ya hydrostatic ili ndi mpope ndi mota ya hydraulic. Pampopi iyi, mbale yosambira (imvi kumanzere) imakankhira ma pistoni omwe amasintha mphamvu ya injini kukhala hydraulic pressure (madzi ofiira). Pali mota ya hydraulic pa axle yomweyi yomwe imayendetsa masinthidwe am'mbuyo i.e. amasintha kuthamanga kukhala mphamvu. Magalimoto amagetsi (omwe amawoneka ofiirira pachithunzichi) amakulolani kuti musinthe mawonekedwe a tray ya hydraulic motor. Izi zimasintha kugunda kwa pistoni komwe kumapangitsa kuti mbale ya LED izungulira (yotuwa kumanja). Kusintha kwa sitiroko kumatanthawuzanso kusintha kwa kusuntha kwa pistoni, komwe kumachepetsa kapena kuonjezera chiwerengero cha kusintha kwa shaft yotulutsa pa chiwerengero chofanana cha kusinthika monga pampu yolowera. Izi zimabweretsa kusintha kosalekeza kwa chiŵerengero cha gear pakati pa shaft yolowetsa ndi shaft yotuluka. Chifukwa chake HFT ndi CVT (Continuous Variable Transmission) ngati dimmer. Pomaliza, kupewa zotayika, athandizira ndi linanena bungwe shafts akhoza mwachindunji oletsedwa, kutanthauza kugwirizana kwachindunji pakati pa injini kuyaka mkati ndi kutsinde kufala, ndi pafupifupi palibe imfa dzuwa (96% malinga Honda).

Kutumiza kwa compact hydrostatic kwa Honda kumapikisana ndi ma drive amagetsi. Monga Burgman kapena Aprilia Mana, mutha kusankha kuchokera pa 6 zomwe zidafotokozedweratu zomwe zikugwirizana ndi magawo asanu ndi limodzi a mabokosi, kuchokera pakuphatikiza kosawerengeka komwe kulipo.

Ena onse

Awa ndiwo ma "automatic" omwe amapezeka panjinga zamoto. Pa mawilo awiri, kupatula kale (400 ndi 750 Hondamatic ndi guzzi 1000 otembenuzidwa), otembenuza ma torque ochepa kwambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga momwe timawadziwira m'magalimoto. Zokolola zolemera, zochulukirapo komanso zochepa, zidatipulumutsa.