Tanki ОF-40
Tanki ОF-40
Mu theka lachiwiri la zaka za m'ma 70, Italy idayamba kugwira ntchito yopanga zida zankhondo pazofuna zake komanso kutumiza kunja. Makamaka, makampani a OTO Melara ndi Fiat, kutengera thanki ya West Germany Leopard-1A4, adapangidwa ndipo kuyambira 1980 amapangidwa pang'ono kuti atumize kumayiko aku Africa, Near ndi Middle East thanki ya OF-40 (O ndi kalata yoyamba dzina la kampani "OTO Melara", matani 40 (pafupifupi kulemera kwa thanki). Mapangidwe omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi matanki a Leopard. Panopa, asilikali a pansi ku Italiya ali ndi akasinja oposa 1700, omwe 920 ndi West German Leopard-1, 300 ndi American M60A1 ndipo pafupifupi 500 ndi akasinja achikale a M47 a ku America (kuphatikizapo mayunitsi 200 omwe akusungidwa). Otsatirawo adasinthidwa ndi galimoto yatsopano yonyamula zida za B-1 "Centaur", ndipo m'malo mwa akasinja a M60A1, kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 90, asilikali a ku Italy adalandira akasinja a S-1 "Ariete" a mapangidwe awo ndi kupanga.
Tanki ya OF-40 yokhala ndi mfuti ya 105-mm yopangidwa ndi OTO Melara. Wopanga wamkulu wamagalimoto okhala ndi zida ku Italy ndi kampani ya OTO Melara. Malamulo osiyana okhudzana ndi magalimoto okhala ndi mawilo amachitidwa ndi Fiat. Chitetezo cha thanki ndi pafupifupi chofanana ndi Leopard-1A3, ndipo chimatsimikiziridwa ndi kutsetsereka kwakukulu kwa mbale zakutsogolo za hull ndi turret, komanso zowonetsera zitsulo za 15-mm-thick zitsulo; zowonetsera mphira-zitsulo zimayikidwa pa. ena mwa magalimoto. OF-40 ili ndi injini ya dizilo ya 10-silinda yambiri yochokera ku MTU yokhala ndi mphamvu ya 830 hp. Ndi. pa 2000 rpm. Kutumiza kwa hydromechanical kudapangidwanso ku Germany. Ma gearbox a pulaneti amapereka 4 kutsogolo ndi 2 magiya obwerera. Injini ndi kufalitsa zimasonkhanitsidwa kukhala gawo limodzi ndipo zitha kusinthidwa m'munda ndi crane mu mphindi 45. Sitima yayikulu yankhondo S-1 "Ariete"Ma prototypes asanu ndi limodzi oyamba adamangidwa mu 1988 ndikuperekedwa kwa asitikali kuti akayesedwe. thanki anasankhidwa S-1 "Ariete" ndipo akukonzekera m'malo M47. Chipinda chowongolera chimasinthidwa kupita ku mbali ya starboard. Mpando wa dalaivala ndi hydraulically chosinthika. Pamaso pa hatch pali zida za 3 za prismatic monitoring, pakati pake zomwe zitha kusinthidwa ndi NVD ME5 УО/011100. Turret yowotcherera ili ndi mfuti yosalala ya 120-mm yochokera ku OTO Melara yokhala ndi kabubu koyima. Mgolowu umalimbikitsidwa ndi autofrettage - ndiutali wa 44 caliber, uli ndi chotchinga choteteza kutentha komanso kutulutsa kotulutsa. Zipolopolo za tank American ndi Germany piercing sub-caliber (APP505) ndi zida za cumulative high-explosive multi-purpose (NEAT-MR) zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwombera. Zipolopolo zofanana zimapangidwa ku Italy. Kuchuluka kwa zida zamfuti ndi zipolopolo 42, 27 zomwe zimayikidwa kumanzere kwa dalaivala, 15 kumbuyo kwa turret, kumbuyo kwa zida zankhondo. Pamwamba pa choyikapo zida izi, mapanelo otulutsa amayikidwa padenga la turret, ndipo kumanzere kwa khoma la turret pali chibowo chobwezeretsanso zida ndikutulutsa makatiriji omwe adagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Sitima yayikulu yankhondo S-1 "Ariete" Mfutiyo imakhazikika mu ndege ziwiri, ma angles ake omwe akulozera mu ndege yowongoka amachokera ku -9 ° mpaka + 20 °, kuzungulira kwa turret ndi mfuti zoyendetsa mfuti zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi wowombera ndi wolamulira ndi electro-hydraulic ndi kupitirira pamanja. Mfuti yamakina ya 7,62 mm ndi coaxial ndi cannon. Mfuti yamakina yomweyi imayikidwa pamwamba pa hatch ya wolamulira mu kasupe wokhazikika, kulola kusamutsidwa mwachangu mu ndege yopingasa ndi chitsogozo chamitundu ingapo kuyambira -9 ° mpaka +65 ° molunjika. Dongosolo lowongolera moto la TUIM 5 (tank universal modular system yokhala ndi ma variable configuration) ndi mtundu wosinthidwa wa njira imodzi yowongolera moto yopangidwa ndi kampani ya Officine Galileo kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito pamagalimoto atatu omenyera nkhondo - B1 Centaur wheeled tank wowononga, S-1 Tanki yayikulu ya Ariete ” ndi galimoto yolimbana ndi ana ya USS-80. Dongosolo lolamulira la thanki limaphatikizapo mawonekedwe okhazikika a mtsogoleri (tsiku panoramic) ndi mfuti (masana / usiku periscope yokhala ndi laser rangefinder), kompyuta yamagetsi yamagetsi yokhala ndi sensa system, chipangizo choyanjanitsa, mapanelo owongolera kwa wamkulu, wowombera mfuti ndi wonyamula. Pali ma periscopes 8 omwe amaikidwa pamalo ogwirira ntchito a olamulira kuti aziwoneka mozungulira. Kuwoneka kwake kwakukulu kumakhala ndi kukula kosinthika kuchokera ku 2,5x mpaka 10x; panthawi yogwira ntchito usiku, chithunzi chotentha kuchokera kwa wowombera mfuti chimaperekedwa kwa woyang'anira wapadera. Pamodzi ndi kampani yaku France 5P1M, mawonekedwe omwe adayikidwa padenga la thanki adapangidwa. Makhalidwe anzeru ndi luso la tanki yayikulu yankhondo S-1 "Ariete"
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Nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse itatha, dziko la Italy linalibe ufulu wopanga zida zankhondo. Pokhala membala wokangalika wa NATO kuyambira masiku oyamba a chilengedwe chake, Italy idalandira akasinja kuchokera ku United States. Kuyambira 1954, gulu lankhondo la Italy lakhala ndi zida zankhondo zaku America M47 Patton. M'zaka za m'ma 1960, akasinja a M60A1 adagulidwa, ndipo 200 mwa akasinjawa adapangidwa ku Italy ndi kampani ya OTO Melara pansi pa chilolezo ndipo adagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi gulu lankhondo la Ariete (Taran). Kuphatikiza pa akasinja, zonyamula zida zankhondo zaku America M113 zidapangidwanso pansi pa layisensi ya asitikali aku Italy komanso kutumiza kunja. Mu 1970, mgwirizano unamalizidwa kuti agulitse akasinja a 920 Leopard-1 ku Germany, 200 omwe adaperekedwa mwachindunji kuchokera ku Germany, ndipo ena onse adapangidwa ndi chilolezo ndi gulu lamakampani opanga mafakitale ku Italy. Kupanga gulu la akasinja anamaliza mu 1978. Kuphatikiza apo, kampani ya OTO Melara idalandira ndikukwaniritsa lamulo lochokera kwa asitikali aku Italiya kuti apange magalimoto omenyera zida zankhondo pogwiritsa ntchito thanki ya Leopard-1 (zigawo za mlatho, ma ARV, magalimoto a engineering).
