Kugogoda mu kuyimitsidwa galimoto
Kugogoda poyimitsidwa posachedwa amawonekera pagalimoto iliyonse.
Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimachitika - mavuto ndi galimotoyo, kuyendetsa galimoto molakwika, maganizo osasamala popewa, ndi zina zotero.
Momwe mungadziwire chomwe chimayambitsa kuwonongeka ndi zomwe mungachite pankhaniyi, werengani mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhaniyi.
Kugogoda mu kuyimitsidwa kutsogolo
Mwatsoka, zosatheka kunena ndi khutuizo zimagogodadi. Choncho, pamene kuchita kudziona matenda, muyenera kuyendera absorbers mantha, tayi malekezero ndodo, odana mpukutu kapamwamba, kutsogolo kuyimitsidwa mkono, chiwongolero knuckle, midadada chete, mayendedwe mpira. Chomwe chimayambitsa kugogoda ndikulephera kwa zisindikizo za rabara. Zigawo zonse za labala siziyenera kusweka kapena kuonongeka. Ngati muwona cholakwika, muyenera kusintha nthawi yomweyo.
Zomwe zimayambitsa kugogoda ndi matenda awo
Chifukwa cha kugogoda kungakhale gawo lililonse lomwe lili mbali ya kuyimitsidwa. Zifukwa zodziwika kwambiri za kuyimitsidwa kwapatsogolo ndi:
Kuchita ma diagnostics anu kuyimitsidwa
- kuvala nsonga ya ndodo zowongolera;
- kulephera kwa shock absorber
- kuvala kwa mayendedwe a mpira;
- kuwonongeka kwa mphira-zitsulo zachitsulo;
- mapindikidwe a struts wa absorbers mantha;
- kuvala zothandizira ndi manja oyimitsa;
- kumasula mtedza ndi ma bolts a fastenings ya node system;
- kuvala kwa khushoni ndi mphira-zitsulo zazitsulo za ndodo;
- kukula kwa ma hub bearings;
- kusalinganika kwakukulu kwa mawilo kapena kusinthika kwa ma disks;
- kuphulika kapena kuphulika kwa tsinde la mlengalenga.
Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane izi ndi zina zomwe zimayambitsa kugogoda mwatsatanetsatane. Ndikoyenera kuyamba kudzifufuza poyang'ana momwe zilili anthers и mphira kusindikiza zigawo. Ngati zawonongeka, ziyenera kusinthidwa. yang'ananinso zotsalira za kutayikira kwa mafuta kuchokera ku ma shock absorbers.
kulephera kwa kuyimitsidwa kwa mikono
Mipiringidzo yopanda phokoso ya levers
Zomwe zimayambitsa kuyimitsidwa kugogoda - kusweka kwa minyewa yake. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatsagana ndi kusagwira bwino galimoto. Yang'anani momwe ma block blocks amagwirira ntchito. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito phirilo ngati phewa kuti mupinde ma levers. Ikasweka muwona kubwereranso kwakukulu.
Kuti akonze, padzakhala kofunikira kusintha midadada yopanda phokoso. Kuti muchite izi, chotsani ma levers ndikusindikiza midadada yakale mwakachetechete kunja kwa dzenje. Musanayike midadada yatsopano yopanda phokoso, thirirani mafuta pampando kuti muchepetse kukangana. Choyamba, yeretsani ku fumbi ndi dothi.
kulephera kwa shock absorber
The shock absorber akhoza kugogoda pamwamba kapena pansi phiri. Chifukwa cha izi chikhoza kukhala kumasula ma bolts okonzekera kapena kuwonjezereka kwamasewera m'mabowo okonza. Kuwoneka, kuvala kapena kusweka kwa akasupe kungadziwike ndi msinkhu wa galimotoyo. Ngati kasupeyo akugwedezeka kwambiri kapena kusweka, izi zidzawoneka kuchokera ku thupi. posuntha, kasupe wosweka amapanga phokoso la khalidwe.
kasupe wonyowa
kuti mupulumutse zowononga mantha, ndi bwino mudzaze ndi mafuta a mamasukidwe akayendedwe osonyezedwa ndi Mlengi (malinga ngati ma shock absorbers amatha kugwa). M'nyengo yozizira, musayambe mwadzidzidzi pagalimoto yopanda kutentha. Simungathe kuwononga injini yoyaka mkati yokha, komanso zowonongeka, chifukwa mafuta omwe ali nawo samatenthedwa. Chifukwa chake mumasamalira zosokoneza ndikuwonjezera moyo wawo wautumiki.
Nthawi zambiri rack ikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha kugogoda. Makamaka poyendetsa m'misewu yoyipa (kugogoda pa mabampu, mabampu) kapena gudumu likalowa m'dzenje. kuti muwone choyikapo, muyenera vertically kukankhira pa fender kapena hood. Ndi kuyima bwino, makinawo amabwerera bwino pamalo ake oyambirira. Apo ayi, mudzamva creak ndi kayendedwe mwadzidzidzi.
Mtedza wa loko yotayirira ukhoza kukhala chifukwa chogogoda muchoyikamo. Kuwonongeka kumeneku kungadziwike pogwedeza galimoto pamene mukuyendetsa galimoto komanso kuchepetsa kuwongolera. Pankhaniyi, phokoso likuwonekera mwachisawawa. Mtedza uyenera kumangika, apo ayi mukhoza kutaya galimoto pamsewu.
Mavuto owongolera
Diagnostics a ndodo chiwongolero pa VAZ magalimoto
Phokoso lomwe limabwera chifukwa cha chiwongolerocho ndi lofanana ndi la chotchinga chododometsa. Chizindikiro chosalunjika chotsimikizira kuti chifukwa cha kugogoda chiri mu chiwongolero ndi kugwedezeka kwa chiwongolero и kugunda kwamphamvu pamabampu, tokhala.
Kugogoda kochokera kutsogolo, pankhaniyi, ndi chifukwa cha kuyanjana kwa rack ndi zida zomwe zikuyenda motsatira. Pakugwira ntchito kwa chiwongolero, kusiyana kwa kukhudzana ndi kutuluka pakati pa rack ndi pinion kumawonjezeka pakapita nthawi. Mpatawo umamveka pamene chiwongolero chiri chowongoka, pogwedeza pang’ono chiwongolerocho m’mbali. Pali kugogoda pamalo okhudzana. kuti muzindikire kuwonongeka kumeneku, ndikokwanira kujowina galimoto kuchokera kumbali yakutsogolo ndikugwedeza ndodo zowongolera. Ngati nthawi yomweyo mukumva kuti mukubwerera m'mbuyo, ndiye kuti, thud imachokera ku tchire lotha. Mutha kupeza zatsopano m'malo ogulitsira magalimoto aliwonse.
Pakukonza, amisiri a garage amalimbikitsa kupanga chizindikiro pachiwongolero pamalo pomwe amakumana ndi choyikapo zida. ndikofunikira kuchita izi kuti muyike shaft pakukonzanso makinawo potembenuza madigiri 180, kotero kuti njanji imathanso kugwira ntchito moyenera kwa nthawi yayitali.
Chithandizo cha rack
Phokoso losawoneka bwino la "rabara" poyendetsa galimoto m'misewu yoyipa limatha kuchitika chifukwa cha ntchito yolakwika ya kumtunda kwa kuyimitsidwa kutsogolo. Phokosoli limathanso kutchedwa "thumbling". Nthawi zambiri choyimbiracho chimatha kutulutsa phokoso, ndipo phokoso lolimba, la raba limamveka kwambiri mavuto a mphira. kuti ayang'ane, munthu mmodzi ayenera kugwedeza thupi, ndipo wachiwiri ayenera kugwira stabilizer ndi dzanja lake.
Ili ndi maziko a mphira omwe ndi chilengedwe chodzidzimutsa. Komabe, mphira umatha pakapita nthawi ndipo umauma. Pachifukwa ichi, kusinthasintha kwake ndi kuthekera kwake kumatayika. Tsoka ilo, mapangidwe a magalimoto ambiri samakulolani kuti mufike ku mfundo iyi ndikuyesa kusiyana pakati pa malire ndi chithandizo. Komabe, ngati galimoto yanu ikhoza kuchita izi, ndiye dziwani kuti mtunda uyenera kukhala pafupifupi 10 mm.
Zochitika
Wodwala wothandizira
Phokoso limene chiphokoso chophwanyika chimatulutsa chimakhala chofanana ndi cha damper, koma chimakhala chokwera kwambiri. kuti muwone kuwonongeka, muyenera kuthyola chingwe chakutsogolo. Chodabwitsa cha kapangidwe kake chagona pakuvala kosagwirizana komwe kumazungulira thupi. Kutulutsa kwakukulu kumachitika pamene galimoto ikuyenda molunjika. Ndichifukwa chake kugogoda ndi kotheka ndi kayendedwe ka rectilinear. Mukatembenukira kumanja kapena kumanzere, kugogodako kumatha. Ngati muli ndi vuto lotere, zikutanthauza kuti chithandizo chothandizira chalephera m'galimoto.
Mutha kuyang'ananso pokweza gudumu limodzi ndikuyika choyimira pansi pake kuti musawononge mwendo wanu. Pakati pa choyimilira ndi gudumu, muyenera kuyika ndodo yomwe muyenera kukanikiza kuti muwone momwe chithandizocho chilili. Pambuyo pake, timayika chala chathu pakati pa mtedza ndi gawo lamkati la chithandizo kuti timve kusewera pamene gudumu likugwedezeka. Ngati kugunda kosavuta kwa ndodo kumawonekera pokhudzana ndi gawo lamkati la chithandizo, ndiye kuti mpando wathyoledwa mkati, kapena chithandizo chothandizira sichikuyenda bwino (kugogoda kwachitsulo kudzamveka).
palinso mwayi kuti mtedza pa tsinde basi unscrew. Ngati kugogoda kuli kosalala, ndiye kuti vuto limakhala lonyowa kwambiri, pomwe ming'alu imatha kuwoneka.
Mipira yamabala
Olumikizana ndi mpira
Pa magalimoto akale oyendetsa magudumu (mwachitsanzo, VAZs), mavuto okhudzana ndi mpira amaonedwa kuti ndi chifukwa chachikulu chogogoda poyimitsidwa. Kuyezetsa kuyenera kuyamba ndi kupachika pazitsulo zogwedeza galimoto pamwamba pa gudumu pomwe kugogoda kumachokera. Zisanachitike, tikulimbikitsidwa kukonza chiwongolero kuti chikhalebe chowongoka panthawi ya mayeso!
Popanda kuzungulira diski, muyenera kuyesa kugwedeza mbali zake zoyang'ana kutali ndi inu. Ndondomeko iyenera kuchitidwa mu ndege ziwiri., kugwira kumanzere ndi kumanja kwa gudumu, kenako pamwamba ndi pansi. Ndi zothandizira zolakwika, mumamva kusewera makamaka muzochitika zachiwiri - kumasula gudumu ndi kumtunda ndi kumunsi.
Kubwerera mmbuyo kumawoneka chifukwa cha kuwonjezereka kwapang'onopang'ono kwa gawo la pansi la mpira, chizindikiro choyamba chomwe ndi creak pa kutembenuka, kapena tokhala. Mafutawo amatha pang'onopang'ono, kenako zotulukazo zimasamutsidwa ku mbali zam'mbali za chithandizo, zomwe zimatsogolera ku ingress ya madzi mu mpira. Izi zitha kuzindikirika pogwedeza gudumu cham'mbali ndi dzanja limodzi poyang'ana kusewera pampira wolumikizana ndi linalo. Gawo lomaliza la chitukuko, pamene cheke ndi phirilo, mpira umayamba kupita mmwamba ndi pansi.
Mgwirizano Wapafupipafupi (Wophatikizira wa CV)
Ngati cholumikizira cha CV chili cholakwika, ndiye kuti mukuyendetsa chimapangitsa kuti pakhale phokoso, makamaka mukamakona. Ngati cholowa cha CV chikuphwanyidwa, chiyenera kusinthidwa, popeza sichikhoza kukonzedwa.
Nthawi ndi nthawi, muyenera kuyang'ana momwe CV yolumikizirana ilili. Ngati ndi youma, ndiye kuti palibe vuto ndi hinge, koma ngati anther ndi mafuta ndi fumbi, ndi bwino kuti m'malo mwake. Kupatula apo, mafuta akawoneka pa anther, izi zitha kuwonetsa kuphwanya kulimba kwake, zomwe zingayambitse madzi ndi dothi kulowa mkati. Ndikofunikira kulimbitsa zolimbitsa thupi kapena kusintha anther ndi yatsopano, chifukwa ming'alu imatha kuwoneka yakale.
Zoyambitsa zolakwika za kusweka
komanso chifukwa chimodzi chogogoda chingakhale chopindika brake caliper. Ichi ndi chifukwa chosowa, chifukwa, nthawi zambiri, caliper ndi yotetezeka kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito locknuts. Koma ngati ma bolts okonzekera ali osasunthika, phokoso la caliper, makamaka pamene galimoto ikuphwanyidwa, idzakhala yokweza kwambiri, choncho sizingatheke kusokoneza ndi chirichonse. Nthawi zina, makamaka ngati ma brake pads ndi osakhala bwino, amatha kupanga phokoso laling'ono komanso lopanda kanthu. Nthawi zina, delamination awo ntchito pamwamba akhoza kuchitika.
Onani kukhulupirika malangizo a caliper zitha kuchitika mwa kukanikiza pang'ono brake pedal mukuyendetsa. Brake imalimbitsa ma calipers, kuletsa owongolera kuti asagwedezeke. M'malo omasulidwa, kugogoda kwa maupangiri kudzawonekeranso.
Chifukwa cha kugogoda kutsogolo kuyimitsidwa kumatha kuchitika stabilizer bar bracket. Ili ndi ma bushings okhala ndi zinthu za mphira pamapangidwe ake. Muyenera kufufuza kukhulupirika kwawo.
komanso chifukwa chimodzi cha kuchitika kwa kugogoda kungakhale mkhalidwe pamene airbags zowombedwa. Pachifukwa ichi, kugogoda kumawoneka, kunja kofanana ndi phokoso la kayendetsedwe ka galimoto. Choncho onaninso njira iyi. komanso oyenera kufufuzidwa Kodi mtedza ndi zomangira zonse pansi pa hood ndi zomangika?. Izi ndi zoona makamaka pogula galimoto yogwiritsidwa ntchito. Ziwalo zosatetezedwa zimatha kunjenjemera, kumveka ngati kugogoda kwa kuyimitsidwa.
Kuti mudziwe zambiri za zovuta zomwe zimayambitsa kugogoda kutsogolo kwa kuyimitsidwa, onani tebulo ili m'munsimu:
| Chikhalidwe cha kugogoda | Chifukwa cha kupsinjika | Chithandizo |
|---|---|---|
| Thud | Kukwera kwa thupi la anti-roll bar kwamasuka, komanso mayendedwe ake mpaka mkono woyimitsidwa wapansi. | Limbikitsaninso zolumikizira zotayira |
| Zitsamba za rabara za stabilizer, komanso ma struts ake, zatha | Yang'anani masewera ndikusintha bushings | |
| Phokoso la rabara (losamveka) | Damper yothandizira rack yatha | Bwezerani pamwamba strut |
| Kugogoda mwamphamvu (chitsulo). | Kulumikizana kwa mpira kwalephera | Bwezerani mpira wolumikizana |
| kugogoda mwamphamvu | Chiwongolero chatha | Kwa m'malo traction |
| Magudumu akutsogolo othyoka okhala ndi pakati kapena nati yotayirira | M'malo kubala, kumangitsa nati | |
| Kugwedeza kapena kumveka kwachitsulo m'munsi mwa thupi | Kasupe anasweka, thupilo linagwedezeka mbali imodzi | Bwezerani kasupe nthawi yomweyo |
| Phokoso mukatembenuza chiwongolero mukuyendetsa | Kulumikizana kwa CV kwalephera | Hinge iyenera kusinthidwa nthawi yomweyo |
Kugogoda mu kuyimitsidwa kumbuyo
Kuzindikira kwa kuyimitsidwa kumbuyo kumathamanga kwambiri chifukwa mapangidwe ake ndi osavuta. Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo zogogoda - zomangira ndodo zonyezimira (ngati zilipo), mabawuti otayirira, kukwera kwa chitoliro chotayirira kapena chosweka, kuyimitsidwa koyimitsidwa kasupe, kumasula chiboliboli chachifupi choyika ndodo, valavu yotsekera mu chotengera chododometsa, kumbuyo. zotsekemera zotsekemera, zotulutsa axle shaft, pad spacer bar. komanso chifukwa cha phokoso losadziwika likhoza kukhala zifukwa zomwe sizikugwirizana kwenikweni ndi kuyimitsidwa. Mwachitsanzo, zinthu mu thunthu, unscrew "kusungira" ndi zina zotero.
Komanso analimbikitsa fufuzani kutulutsa chitoliro ndi chikhalidwe chake. Kupatula apo, chowotcha chowotcha chimamveketsa mawu owonjezera omwe woyendetsa amatha kugunda pakuyimitsidwa kumbuyo. Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kuyang'ana zinthu zonse zomangirira za chitoliro. Ngati sichimangirizidwa bwino, ndiye kuti m'misewu yoyipa imatha kugogoda pang'ono komanso mopepuka, yomwe dalaivala akhoza kulakwitsa chifukwa cha kuyimitsidwa.
Podzizindikiritsa nokha, muyenera kuyang'ana zigawo zotsatirazi (zina mwazo sizipezeka pamitundu ina yamagalimoto):
Kuyimitsidwa cheke
- kumbuyo kuyimitsidwa kalozera kalozera;
- zitsulo (zopingasa, zotalika);
- anti-roll bar;
- zotsekera kumbuyo;
- akasupe ochititsa mantha;
- makapu otsekemera ndi mabakiteriya;
- matabwa a mphira;
- chitsulo cham'mbuyo;
- compression buffer;
- mayendedwe.
Diagnostics a kalozera kapangidwe
Popanga diagnostics, muyenera kuchita izi:
- Yang'anani mphamvu ndi momwe mtengowo ulili, komanso ma levers (ngati alipo). Onetsetsani kuti palibe deformation pa mbali izi.
- Onani ma hinges. Akhoza kukhala ndi ming'alu chifukwa cha kuvala. Izi zimabweretsanso kusinthika.
Ndikoyenera kuyang'ana kugwirizana kwa ulusi wa flanges kumalo awo omangirira. Malingana ndi kupanga ndi chitsanzo cha galimotoyo, zikhoza kukonzedwa kapena muyenera kugula ndikuyika zatsopano. Muyenera kuchita ntchito zomwe zatchulidwazi muutumiki wamagalimoto kapena mugalaja yokhala ndi dzenje lowonera.
Kuyimitsidwa akasupe diagnostics
Ngakhale kuti zitsulo zomwe akasupe amapangidwira zimakhala zamphamvu, pakapita nthawi zimatha kulephera. Nthawi yawo yopuma imatembenuka, kotero kasupe amasiya kugwira ntchito bwino. Kuti muzindikire kasupe, ndikwanira kuyang'anitsitsa maso. Pankhaniyi, ndi bwino kulabadira kusowa kwa zolakwika pa coils masika, komanso umphumphu wa tabu mphira amene ali m`malo mwa kukhazikitsa kwawo. Ngati kasupe akulephera, ayenera kusinthidwa, sangathe kukonzedwa.
Zodzikongoletsera zam'mbuyo
Maboti a shock absorber
Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi ma shock absorbers akutsogolo, muyenera kudziwa mungu. M'malo mwake ngati kuli kofunikira. poyang'ana zotsekemera zochititsa chidwi, ndi bwinonso kulabadira kusakhalapo kwa mafuta otuluka m'thupi lake. Ngati chotsitsa chododometsa chikugwedezeka, ndi bwino kuchichotsa ndikuchichotsa kuti chitsimikizire kuti zinthu zamkati zili bwino. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ndi bwino kuyang'ana matabwa a rabara mkati, omwe nthawi zambiri amalephera.
Mudzafunika wothandizira kuti muwerenge cheke. Muyenera kugwedeza kumbuyo kwa thupi ndikuwona ngati pali kuseweredwa mu tchire ndi mawonekedwe okwera ndi pansi akuyenda modzidzimutsa. Ngati pali sewero, ndiye kuti tchire lidapangidwa kale ngati mawonekedwe a oval - ayenera kusinthidwa.
Zowonjezera
Ngati mwayang'ana magawo omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa, koma kugogoda kumbuyo kumakhalabe, muyenera kulabadira zinthu zotsatirazi:
- Kuyimitsa chithandizo. Apa iwo amachita, monga nkhani ya kuyimitsidwa kutsogolo. Ikagwedezeka, caliper imapanga phokoso lalikulu, kotero kuti kuzindikira kusweka kumeneku sikovuta.
- Hub yokhala. Muyenera kuyimitsa galimoto yonse kapena gudumu lomwe mukufuna kuyang'ana. Pozungulira momasuka, kunyamula sikuyenera kupanga phokoso, kugogoda kapena kugwedeza. Poyang'ana, ndizotheka kupukuta pad brake pa diski, phokoso lomwe liri lofanana kwambiri ndi squeak. Choncho, pozindikira matenda, samalani.
Gome ili m'munsimu likuwonetsa zomwe zimayambitsa phokoso pakuyimitsidwa kumbuyo:
| Chikhalidwe cha kugogoda | Chifukwa cha kupsinjika | Chithandizo |
|---|---|---|
| Wogontha wogontha akagundidwa m'maenje kapena mabampu | Zosokoneza zakumbuyo zosweka | Konzani zotsekera zoziziritsa kukhosi, ngati sizingatheke - m'malo ndi zatsopano |
| Kugunda kosalekeza poyendetsa molunjika | Wofooka mantha absorber kukwera, kuvala za bushings pamaso pa kumbuyo kugwedezeka absorbers | Limbikitsani bawuti yotsekereza ndi nati, m'malo mwa zitsamba zomwe kuvala kwawonekera kale |
| Phokoso losawoneka bwino pogwedeza thupi poyendetsa pamsewu woyipa | Zitsamba zowonongeka m'mikono yoyimitsidwa kumbuyo | Mitundu yonse ya rabara imatha kusinthidwa |
| Zitsulo kugogoda, ndi sagging wa mbali imodzi ya thupi | Kasupe wosweka kapena wosweka | Bwezerani kasupe ndi watsopano |
| Ogontha, kugogoda mwamphamvu (kuwonongeka) kumbuyo kwa kuyimitsidwa | Buffer idagwa, kuwonongeka kwa kuyimitsidwa kumbuyo kunakula | muyenera kusintha buffer yong'ambika kapena yotha |
Pomaliza
Kugogoda kutsogolo kapena kuyimitsidwa kumbuyo kumauza mwini galimotoyo kuti matenda akuyenera kupangidwa. Chifukwa chake, chitani mwachangu momwe mungathere kuti kugogoda kosalakwa, kumawoneka ngati, mtundu wina wa bushing usasinthe kuyimitsidwa kosweka. Ndipo kuti mukumane ndi kugogoda kwakung'ono komanso kosavuta pakuyimitsidwa pafupipafupi momwe mungathere, tikupangira kuti musankhe njira yoyenera yoyendetsera, makamaka m’misewu ya m’midzi yosagwirizana ndi misewu yoipa ya phula. Kotero mudzapulumutsa galimotoyo kukonzanso, ndi chikwama chanu ku zinyalala zina. Mutha kuwona kanema pansipa kuti mumve zambiri pakuzindikira kugogoda mu kuyimitsidwa kwagalimoto.
Momwe mungapezere kugogoda pakuyimitsidwa - ndi chiyani komanso momwe amagogoda?
