Zonyamula ma hydraulic zimagogoda pamoto

Nthawi zambiri zonyamula ma hydraulic zimagogoda pakutentha chifukwa cha mafuta otsika kwambiri kapena akale a injini, zosefera zamafuta zotsekeka, kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa mpope wamafuta, mafuta osakwanira, kapena kulephera kwa makina. Choncho, chinthu choyamba kuchita pamene iwo kugogoda ndi kuyang'ana mlingo ndi mmene mafuta injini mu injini kuyaka mkati, komanso fyuluta mafuta. Fyuluta yolakwika kapena yotsekeka imasokoneza kayendedwe ka mafuta kudzera munjira zamafuta.

Nthawi zambiri, zonyamula ma hydraulic (colloquially - hydraulics) zimayamba kugogoda ndendende "zotentha". Ngati ma hydraulic ali okhotakhota kapena ngalande zamafuta zitatsekedwa mkati mwake, ndiye kuti amayamba kugogoda nthawi yomweyo, ndipo pambuyo pakuwotha, phokoso limatha kutha, chifukwa salandira mafuta okwanira. Pankhaniyi, m'malo awo okha ndi omwe angathandize. Koma, pamene kugogoda kumachitika mphindi zingapo mutangoyamba ndi kutenthetsa injini, vutoli likhoza kuthetsedwa mosavuta ngati chifukwa chake sichili mu mpope wa mafuta.

Zizindikiro zakugogoda zonyamula ma hydraulic pakutentha

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti wokonda galimoto adziwe momwe angamvetsetsere kuti chokweza chimodzi kapena zingapo za hydraulic zikugogoda. Kupatula apo, kugogoda kwake kumatha kusokonezedwa ndi mawu ena ngati akukumana ndi vuto la piston, liners crankshaft, camshaft kapena mbali zina mkati mwa injini yoyaka moto.

Kugogoda kwa ma hydraulic lifters pakutentha kumatha kuzindikirika potsegula hood. Phokoso lidzayamba kuchokera pansi pa chivundikiro cha valve. Kamvekedwe ka mawu ndi katchulidwe kake, kamene kamakhudza kukhudzidwa kwa magawo achitsulo motsutsana ndi mnzake. Ena amauyerekezera ndi mawu amene ziwala zimamveka. Chikhalidwe ndi chiyani - kugogoda kuchokera ku compensators zolakwika kumachitika kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kuyaka. Chifukwa chake, pakuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa kwa liwiro la injini, kugogoda kwa ma hydraulics kumachita moyenera. Pansi pa kutulutsidwa kwa gasi, phokoso lidzamveka, ngati kuti ma valve anu sanasinthidwe.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kugogoda kwa ma hydraulic lifters pakutentha

Nthawi zambiri, pakhoza kukhala chifukwa chimodzi mwa ziwiri, chifukwa chake onyamula ma hydraulic amagogoda pa yotentha - kukhuthala kwamafuta ofunda kumakhala kotsika kwambiri kapena kupanikizika kwake sikukwanira. Izi zikhoza kuchitika chifukwa cha zifukwa zosiyanasiyana.

• Mulingo wamafuta ochepa. Ichi ndi chifukwa chofala kwambiri chomwe ma hydraulic lifters amagogoda pamoto. Ngati palibe mafuta okwanira mu crankcase, ndiye kuti zonyamula ma hydraulic zitha kugwira ntchito "zouma", popanda mafuta, ndipo, motero, zidzagogoda. Komabe, kusefukira kwamafuta kumawononganso ma hydraulic lifters. Pankhaniyi, thovu la lubricating madzimadzi kumachitika, zomwe zimabweretsa airing wa dongosolo, ndipo chifukwa, molakwika ntchito compensators hayidiroliki.
• Zosefera zamafuta zotsekeka. Ngati chinthuchi sichinasinthidwe kwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti pakapita nthawi kupaka mitundu yadothi mkati mwake, kumalepheretsa kuyenda kwabwino kwa mafuta kudzera mu dongosolo.
• kukhuthala kosankhidwa molakwika. Nthawi zambiri oyendetsa galimoto ali ndi chidwi ndi funso ngati chifukwa chiyani zonyamula ma hydraulic zimagogoda pamoto pambuyo posintha mafuta. Nthawi zambiri, vuto ndi chifukwa cha kukhuthala osankhidwa molakwika mafuta, kapena kunapezeka kuti ndi osauka. Palibe chinthu choterocho kuti onyamula ma hydraulic amakonda mtundu wina wamafuta, ndipo ena satero, muyenera kungosankha bwino. Ngati mafuta ndi ochepa kwambiri, ndiye kuti sipangakhale kukakamiza kokwanira kuti mudzaze hydraulic kwathunthu. Ndipo ikakhala yaubwino, imangotaya msanga mawonekedwe ake. Kusintha mafuta kumathandiza kuthetsa vutoli, ndipo musaiwale kuti pamodzi ndi mafuta, muyenera kusintha fyuluta yamafuta.
• Pampu yamafuta olakwika. Nthawi zambiri chifukwa ichi chimakhala chofanana ndi magalimoto okhala ndi ma mileage okwera, momwe mpope amangotopa ndipo sangathe kupanga kukakamiza koyenera mu ICE lubrication system.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera mafuta. Zowonjezera zambiri zamafuta zimagwira ntchito ziwiri - zimasintha kukhuthala kwamafuta (kutsitsa kapena kukulitsa), komanso kusintha kutentha kwamafuta. Choyamba, ngati chowonjezera chatsitsa kukhuthala kwa mafuta, ndipo zonyamula ma hydraulic zatha kale, ndiye kuti zinthu zimawonekera pamene ma hydraulics agogoda pa injini yoyaka moto yamkati. Ponena za kutentha, mafuta amagwira ntchito bwino "otentha", ndipo zowonjezera zimatha kusintha katunduyo. Chifukwa chake, mutathira chowonjezera m'mafuta, zonyamula ma hydraulic zimatha kugogoda ngati palibe kukakamiza kokwanira kukankhira mafutawo. Kawirikawiri chifukwa cha mafuta ochepa kwambiri.
• Mavuto pagulu la plunger. Ndi kusweka koteroko, mafuta amayenda kuchokera pabowo pansi pa plunger, yomwe ndi pakati pa mkono wa plunger ndi plunger wokha. Zotsatira zake, compensator ya hydraulic alibe nthawi yosankha kusiyana kogwira ntchito. Kulephera uku kungachitike chifukwa cha kuvala kapena kutsekeka. valavu ya mpira mu plunger pair. Mpira wokha, kasupe, malo ogwirira ntchito (njira) akhoza kutha. Izi zikachitika, ndiye kuti kusintha kokha kwa ma hydraulic lifters kungathandize.

Zoyenera kuchita ngati zonyamula ma hydraulic zigogoda pamoto

Kuchotsa kugogoda kudzakuthandizani kudziwa ndi kuthetsa chifukwa chake. Zomwe zidzachitike pambuyo pake zidzadalira momwe zinthu zilili.

Choyamba, muyenera fufuzani mlingo wa mafuta mu crankcase. Zimatengera momwe zimayendera kudzera munjira zamafuta. komanso kuyenera kuonetsetsa kuthamanga kwamafuta okwanirangakhale nyali yamafuta ilibe.

Mulingo wolakwika komanso kukakamiza kwamafuta a injini sikungokhudza magwiridwe antchito a ma hydraulic lifters, komanso magwiridwe antchito a injini yoyatsira mkati yonse!

Injini iliyonse yoyaka mkati imakhala ndi mphamvu yakeyake yamafuta ndipo zimatengera kapangidwe kake (kuti zifotokozedwe m'malemba), komabe, akukhulupirira kuti popanda ntchito, kukakamiza kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi 1,6 ... 2,0 bar. Pa liwiro lalikulu - mpaka 5 ... 7 bar. Ngati palibe kukakamizidwa koteroko, muyenera kuyang'ana pampu yamafuta. Nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mafuta, magwiridwe ake amatsika. Nthawi zambiri, pofuna kuwonetsetsa kupanikizika, chifukwa chomwe sichimachotsedwa; ma hydraulics akagogoda pamoto, madalaivala amadzaza mafuta ochulukirapo posintha. Koma simuyenera kuchita mopitilira muyeso ndi izi, chifukwa mafuta ochulukirapo amakhala ovuta kupopera kudzera mudongosolo. Nchiyani chingayambitse njala yamafuta?

Komanso, sikoyenera kufulumira ndi chigamulo cha mpope wokha. Kulephera kwa pampu yamafuta kumatha chifukwa chazifukwa zosiyanasiyana - kuvala kwa magawo, kusweka kwa valve yochepetsera kuthamanga, kuvala kwa malo ogwirira ntchito, ndipo ntchito yake imatha kuwonongeka ndi kutsekeka koyambirira kwa ma mesh olandila mafuta. Mutha kuwona ngati pali dothi pagululi pochotsa poto. Koma, ngakhale ndi ntchito yotereyi, musafulumire. Itha kuipitsidwa pokhapokha ngati mafutawo sali bwino kapena kuyeretsa kosatheka kwamafuta kwapangidwa.

Yang'anani momwe mafuta alili. Ngakhale mutayisintha motsatira malamulo, ikhoza kukhala yosagwiritsidwa ntchito pasanapite nthawi (pansi pa zovuta zogwiritsira ntchito galimoto, kapena fake inagwidwa). Pamene zolengeza ndi slag zazindikirika, nthawi zambiri sizidziwika chochita ngati zonyamula ma hydraulic zigogoda pamoto. Ndikoyenera kuthamangitsa dongosolo lamafuta, chifukwa, mwina, ngalande zamafuta zitha kutsekedwa. kuti muwone momwe mafuta alili, ndikwanira kuyesa kuyesa kochepa.

Nthawi zambiri, vutoli limathetsedwa poyambirira - ingosintha mafuta ndi mafuta fyuluta. Kapena yakwana nthawi yoti musinthe zonyamula ma hydraulic.

Momwe mungayang'anire zonyamula ma hydraulic

Mutha kuyang'ana zonyamula ma hydraulic pogwiritsa ntchito imodzi mwa njira zitatu:

1. Mothandizidwa ndi makina a stethoscope. Komabe, njira iyi ndi yoyenera kwa oyendetsa odziwa bwino omwe amadziwa "kumvera" ku injini yoyaka moto. Pogwiritsira ntchito kumadera osiyanasiyana a malo okwera ma hydraulic lifters, mukhoza kuyerekezera phokoso lomwe likuchokera kumeneko.
2. Ndi zoyesa mayeso. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuwongolera ma probe apadera okhala ndi makulidwe a 0,1 mpaka 0,5 mm. Chifukwa chake, pa injini yoyaka moto yamkati, pogwiritsa ntchito ma probe, muyenera kuyang'ana mtunda pakati pa compensator ya hydraulic ndi kamera. Ngati mtunda wofananira ndi wamkulu kuposa 0,5 mm kapena zosakwana 0,1 mm, ndiye kuti hydraulic yoyang'aniridwa siyiyenera ndipo iyenera kusinthidwa.
3. Njira yolowera. Iyi ndi njira yosavuta komanso yodziwika bwino yotsimikizira. Komabe, kuti zitheke, zonyamula ma hydraulic ziyenera kuchotsedwa mu injini yoyaka mkati. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kuyesa kukanikiza ndodo yapakati ya compensator mkati ndi matabwa kapena screwdriver. Ngati compensator ili bwino ndipo ili mumkhalidwe wocheperako kapena wocheperako, sizingatheke kuti zitheke kungokankha ndi chala. Mosiyana ndi zimenezo, tsinde la compensator yolakwika lidzagwa mosavuta mkati.

Njira yomaliza yotsimikiziranso ingathenso kuchitidwa popanda kuchotsa ma hydraulics mu injini yoyaka mkati, komabe, izi sizingakhale zosavuta kuchita ndipo zotsatira zake sizidzakhala zoonekeratu. Nthawi zambiri zonyamula ma hydraulic zolephereka zimasinthidwa ndi zatsopano, koma nthawi zina mutha kuyesa kuzibwezeretsa mwa kuthamangitsa. njira ina ndi kuyeretsa ndi kukonza hydraulic compensator. Monga momwe zimasonyezera, kukonza ndi kuyeretsa ma hydraulics sikuthandiza nthawi zambiri, komabe ndikofunikira kuyesa kubwezeretsanso. Mukasankha kusintha, ndi bwino kusintha seti yonse, apo ayi zinthu zidzabwereza posachedwa, koma ndi ma hydraulics ena.

Ngati mumayendetsa ndi kugogoda zonyamula ma hydraulic kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kapena kupitilira apo, ndiye mukachotsa chivundikiro cha ma valve, ndizotheka kuti padzakhala ma burrs ochokera ku rocker (mikono ya rocker) pa "bedi" la camshaft palokha, kuchokera pansi. Chifukwa chake, zili ndi inu kusankha ngati kuli kotheka kuyendetsa ndi phokoso la ma hydraulic lifters.

Pomaliza

Chinthu choyamba kuchita mukamva phokoso la ma hydraulic lifters ndikuwunika momwe mafuta a injini alili. Onaninso fyuluta yamafuta. Nthawi zambiri, kusintha kwamafuta komwe kumaphatikizidwa ndi fyuluta kumapulumutsa kugogoda, makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito mafuta otsuka. Ngati kusintha kwa mafuta sikunathandize, ndiye kuti mwina vuto liri mu mpope wamafuta, kapena ma compensators okha.