Kodi muyenera kugula galimoto yosakanizidwa, dizilo kapena yamagetsi?
Masiku ano pali magalimoto ambiri osakanizidwa, ma dizilo abwino komanso magalimoto amagetsi. Amagwira ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana, koma onse amathandiza chilengedwe ndikuwongolera MPG.
Kuphatikiza pa magalimoto wamba a petulo, mutha kusankha kuchokera kuzinthu zina zamagetsi kuphatikiza hybrid, dizilo ndi magetsi. Funso lalikulu lomwe eni magalimoto ambiri amafunsa ndilakuti ngati magalimoto ena amafuta omwe ali ndi mtengo wokwera kwambiri. Poyang'ana ubwino ndi kuipa kwa magalimoto ena amafuta, mudzatha kupanga chisankho ngati imodzi mwa magalimotowa ndi yoyenera pa zosowa zanu zenizeni.
Magalimoto ophatikiza
Magalimoto osakanizidwa amabwera ndi injini ya petulo kapena dizilo, koma amagwiritsanso ntchito njira ina yopangira mafuta ngati njira yowonjezera. Mtundu wa galimoto wosakanizidwa umatsimikizira kuchuluka kwamafuta agalimoto.
Momwe galimoto yosakanizidwa imagwirira ntchito. Ku US, wosakanizidwa amagwiritsa ntchito petulo ndi magetsi ngati gwero lamagetsi.
Ma Hybrid amagwiritsa ntchito batire paketi ndi mota yamagetsi yophatikizidwa ndi injini yoyaka mkati.
Ma hybrids ambiri amalipira mukamayendetsa, koma ambiri amafunanso kuti muyike batire mukamayendetsa, makamaka ma hybrids ndi ma hybrids ofatsa.
Ma hybrids ena amagwiritsanso ntchito ukadaulo wa "stop-start", womwe umazimitsa injini yamafuta pomwe galimoto iliyima.
Ukadaulo wina womwe ma hybrids ena amagwiritsa ntchito ndi njira yosinthira mosalekeza, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti CVT. Kupatsirana kosalekeza kosinthika kumathandizira kusuntha kosalala, kulola injini kuti igwire ntchito mosinthana ndi ndalama zambiri pamphindi (RPM).
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagalimoto osakanizidwa. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagalimoto osakanizidwa imaphatikizapo ma hybrids odzaza, ofatsa komanso ophatikiza.
Posankha wosakanizidwa, mutha kusankha mitundu ingapo, kuphatikiza ma hybrids odzaza, ofatsa, ndi mapulagi. Gulu lina la magalimoto omwe amawonetsa machitidwe osakanizidwa ndi ma hybrids ang'onoang'ono ndi mafuta.
Ma hybrids athunthu ndi mtundu wotsika mtengo kwambiri wamagalimoto osakanizidwa. Ma hybrids athunthu amatha kugwira ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana monga mndandanda, ma parallel, ndi magetsi onse. Chitsanzo cha wosakanizidwa wathunthu ndi Toyota Prius.
Mtundu wosakanizidwa wofatsa siwotsika mtengo ngati wosakanizidwa wathunthu, komabe umaperekabe mafuta ochulukirapo kuposa galimoto yofananira ndi mafuta onse. Mu wosakanizidwa pang'ono, batire ndi injini yothandizira zimagwira ntchito ndi injini yamafuta kuti galimotoyo isunthike, koma samatha kuwongolera zonse. Chitsanzo chabwino cha wosakanizidwa wofatsa ndi Honda Civic Hybrid's Integrated Motor Assist.
Pulagi-mu haibridi ili ndi batire yayikulu kuposa ma hybrids ena ambiri, kuphatikiza wosakanizidwa wathunthu. Kukula kokulirapoku kumafuna kuti muyike pakati pa zokwera. Ma plug-in hybrids amathanso kuthamanga mumayendedwe amagetsi onse pamtunda wamakilomita angapo. Chevy Volt ndi chitsanzo chimodzi chabe cha plug-in hybrid.
Magalimoto ang'onoang'ono ndi mafuta osakanizidwa amagwiritsa ntchito mota yamagetsi yaying'ono, ngati ilipo, kuyendetsa mawilo. Micro-hybrid imagwiritsa ntchito mota yamagetsi kuyendetsa makina apakompyuta, koma palibenso china. Minofu yosakanizidwa imagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo kuti iwonjezere mphamvu yamagetsi, ndikuwapatsa mphamvu zambiri zoyendetsera magalimoto. Kwa wosakanizidwa yaying'ono, Chevy Malibu yokhala ndi ukadaulo woyambira kuyimitsa ndi chitsanzo chabwino. Ponena za wosakanizidwa wa beefy, mutha kuyesa wosakanizidwa wa Infiniti Q50.
Ubwino Wokhala Ndi Galimoto Yophatikiza. Kukhala ndi galimoto yosakanizidwa kuli ndi ubwino wake.
Ubwino waukulu wokhala ndi galimoto yosakanizidwa ndi chilengedwe. Mitundu iwiri ya injini ya haibridi imatanthawuza kuti galimotoyo imakhala yoyera komanso yosaipitsa.
Kuyeretsa kwa galimoto ya haibridi kumatanthauza kuti imagwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochepa kuti igwire ntchito ndipo imatha kusintha kwambiri mafuta agalimoto.
Magalimoto a Hybrid amadziwikanso kuti amasunga mtengo wawo wogulitsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kubweza ndalama zina zomwe zidagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mutasankha kugulitsa galimotoyo ndikugula galimoto ina.
Kuipa Kokhala Ndi Galimoto Yophatikiza. Kuphatikiza pa zabwino zake, magalimoto osakanizidwa amakhalanso ndi zovuta zina.
Chimodzi mwa kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa hybrid ndi galimoto yoyendetsedwa ndi petulo ndi mphamvu ya injini. Kwa mbali zambiri, mphamvu yophatikizana ya injini yamagetsi ndi mafuta mu galimoto yosakanizidwa nthawi zambiri imakhala yocheperapo kuposa injini yofananira yamafuta.
Choyipa chachikulu pamagalimoto osakanizidwa ndikuti amakonda kuwononga ndalama zambiri kuposa magalimoto oyendetsedwa ndi petulo. Mwamwayi, amakonda kusunga mtengo wawo wogulitsanso, kotero mutha kubweza zina mwa ndalama zanu ngati mutaganiza zogulitsa pambuyo pake.
Choyipa china ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa malipiro agalimoto yosakanizidwa. Malo ambiri onyamula katundu omwe mungapeze mumitundu ina yamagalimoto amadyedwa ndi mota yamagetsi yowonjezera, batire, ndi zinthu zina zofunika pagalimoto yosakanizidwa.
Magalimoto a dizilo
Njira ina, poyerekeza ndi galimoto yosakanizidwa ndi yamagetsi, ndi galimoto yoyendera dizilo. Ma injini a dizilo amathamanga kwambiri kuposa ma injini a petulo. Izi ndizotheka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa psinjika komwe injini zambiri za dizilo zimatha kukwaniritsa.
Galimoto ya dizilo ndi chiyani? Mosiyana ndi galimoto yosakanizidwa kapena yamagetsi, magalimoto oyendera dizilo ndi otsika mtengo kuposa magalimoto oyendera mafuta.
Ma injini a dizilo, ngakhale ali ofanana ndi a petulo, sagwiritsa ntchito ma spark plugs kuphatikiza mafuta / mpweya. M'malo mwake, imagwiritsa ntchito kutentha kochokera ku kukanikiza mpweya m'chipindamo kuti iyambitse mafuta a dizilo, kupangitsa injiniyo mphamvu. Injini ya dizilo imakhala ndi kusintha kwa 25 mpaka 30 peresenti pakuyenda bwino kwamafuta kuposa injini yofananira yamafuta.
Ubwino wokhala ndi galimoto ya dizilo. Monga magalimoto ena amafuta, magalimoto a dizilo ali ndi maubwino ena omwe amawapangitsa kukhala okopa kwa omwe angagule.
Monga tanenera, kuwongolera kwawo kwamafuta kumapangitsa eni ake chiwonjezeko cha 25-30 peresenti pazachuma chamafuta poyerekeza ndi magalimoto oyendera mafuta. Atha kuperekanso ndalama zabwino zamafuta kuposa ma hybrids amafuta amagetsi.
Popanda spark kapena wogawa, koma kudalira kutentha komwe kumapangidwa pamene mpweya mu silinda ukanizidwa, galimoto ya dizilo sifunikira kuyatsa.
Kulimba kwa injini ya dizilo kumatanthauza kuti imakhala nthawi yayitali kuposa injini zambiri zamafuta.
Magalimoto a dizilo amakhala ndi ma torque ochulukirapo, kuwapatsa mphamvu zambiri kuposa anzawo amafuta.
Kuipa kokhala ndi galimoto ya dizilo. Ngakhale dizilo ili ndi zabwino zambiri, ilinso ndi zovuta zingapo.
Mafuta a dizilo pano ndi okwera mtengo kuposa mafuta. Ngakhale izi zitha kusintha m'tsogolomu, mtengo wokwerawu nthawi zambiri umachepetsa mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito mafuta ambiri omwe injini za dizilo zimakhala nazo kuposa magalimoto omwe amayendera mafuta.
Ma injini a petulo amakonda kupatsa magalimoto awo kuthamanga kwambiri komanso kuchita bwino.
Kukonza kungawononge ndalama zambiri pakapita nthawi, ngakhale kuti injini zambiri za dizilo zimafuna chisamaliro chochepa. Malingana ngati mukukonza galimoto yanu, muyenera kukhala ndi zovuta zochepa.
Magalimoto amagetsi
Magalimoto amagetsi ndi njira yowoneka bwino yofananira ndi injini wamba wamafuta. Izi makamaka chifukwa chakuti iwo sadalira mafuta monga gwero la mphamvu, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala okongola kwa madalaivala osamala zachilengedwe.
Galimoto yamagetsi ndi chiyani? Galimoto yamagetsi imagwiritsa ntchito magetsi, pomwe ya hybrid imayenda pamafuta ndi magetsi.
Momwe galimoto yamagetsi imagwirira ntchito ndi yakuti pakati pa magawo oyendetsa galimoto, mumagwirizanitsa ndi gwero la mphamvu kudzera pa pulagi yomwe imayimitsa batire kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito poyendetsa galimoto.
Poyendetsa galimoto, galimotoyo imayendetsedwa ndi mabatire omwe amayendetsa magetsi.
Mabuleki amathandizira kubwezeretsanso batire munjira yotchedwa regenerative braking.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagalimoto amagetsi. Pogula galimoto yamagetsi, nthawi zambiri mumakhala ndi zosankha zochepa, koma pamene teknoloji ikufalikira kwambiri, yembekezerani matekinoloje omwe akubwera monga ma cell amafuta kuti apitilize kutchuka ndikugwiritsa ntchito.
Galimoto yamagetsi ya batri kapena BEV imayenda kwathunthu ndi mphamvu yoperekedwa ndi batire. Mphamvu imeneyi imayendetsa galimoto yamagetsi yamagetsi yomwe imagwira ntchito popanda kuthandizidwa ndi injini yoyaka mkati. Kuphatikiza pa mfundo yakuti muyenera kuwalumikiza pakati pa kukwera, ma BEV ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito braking regenerative kuti awonjezere mabatire a galimoto pamene akuyendetsa. Mtundu wa BMW i81 wamakilomita 3 umapangitsa kukhala BEV yabwino.
Magalimoto amagetsi amafuta ndiukadaulo watsopano wozikidwa pamagetsi opangidwa kuchokera ku zomwe zimachitika pakati pa haidrojeni ndi okosijeni kuti aziyendetsa galimoto. Ngakhale zili zatsopano, zindikirani kuti magalimoto amafuta amafuta azikhala ofala mtsogolomo. Toyota Mirai ndi imodzi mwamagalimoto oyamba kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wama cell cell.
Ubwino wokhala ndi galimoto yamagetsi. Magalimoto amagetsi ali ndi zolimbikitsa zabwino kwa omwe amawayendetsa.
Magalimoto amagetsi amayendera magetsi onse, ndikukupulumutsirani nthawi pamalo okwerera mafuta.
Magalimoto amagetsi nawonso satulutsa mpweya woipa, ndiko kuti, samaipitsa mpweya wakuzungulirani mukuyendetsa.
Phindu lina lokhala ndi galimoto yamagetsi ndi kusowa kokwanira kokonza.
Kuipa kokhala ndi galimoto yamagetsi Ngakhale pali ubwino waukulu wokhala ndi galimoto yamagetsi, palinso zovuta zina.
Chimodzi mwazovuta zazikulu ndikupeza malo owonjezera kutali ndi kwathu. Ili ndi vuto mukamagwiritsa ntchito magalimoto amagetsi pamaulendo ataliatali, ngakhale mutakhala pafupi kwambiri ndi kunyumba, ili si vuto lalikulu.
Ndalama zogulira mafuta nthawi zina zimachepetsedwa ndi mtengo wamagetsi wolipiritsa galimoto pakati pa maulendo.
Magalimoto ambiri amagetsi amakhala ndi malire, nthawi zambiri 50 mpaka 100 mailosi. Tikukhulupirira kuti kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kungawongolere maphunzirowa.
Magalimoto amagetsi amawononganso ndalama zambiri kuposa magalimoto amtundu wina chifukwa chaukadaulo watsopano, koma mtengowo uyenera kupitiliza kutsika popeza ukadaulo ukupita patsogolo komanso ukufalikira.
Chisankho chogula galimoto yosakanizidwa, dizilo kapena yamagetsi zimatengera bajeti yanu ndikudzipereka pakukonza chilengedwe. Kuchulukirachulukira kwamafuta komwe ambiri mwa magalimotowa amapereka ndikokwanira mtengo wowonjezera wamagalimotowa. Musanagule galimoto iliyonse yosakanizidwa, dizilo kapena yamagetsi, m'modzi mwa akatswiri athu amakanika kuti ayang'anire galimotoyo asanagule.
