Compression ratio ndi nambala ya octane ya petulo
Zamkatimu
Compression ratio - kudziletsa kudziletsa kukana
ChiƔerengero cha thupi la voliyumu yonse ya silinda pa nthawi yomwe pisitoni ili pakatikati pakufa mpaka mphamvu yogwira ntchito ya chipinda choyaka chamkati imadziwika ndi chiwerengero cha kuponderezana (CL). Chizindikirocho chikufotokozedwa ndi kuchuluka kopanda dimensionless. Pamagalimoto a petulo ndi 8-12, pamayendedwe a dizilo ndi 14-18. Kuchulukitsa kwa parameter kumawonjezera mphamvu, kuyendetsa bwino kwa injini, komanso kumachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta. Komabe, mayendedwe apamwamba a CV amachulukitsa chiwopsezo chodziwotcha chosakaniza choyaka moto pazifukwa zazikulu. Pachifukwa ichi, mafuta okhala ndi index yozizirira kwambiri ayeneranso kukhala ndi kukana kwakukulu - nambala ya octane (OC).
Octane mlingo - kugogoda kukana
Kuyaka msanga kwa petulo kumayendera limodzi ndi kugogoda komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mafunde a detonation mkati mwa silinda. Zotsatira zofananazi zimakhala chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mafuta amadzimadzi kuti aziwotcha pa nthawi ya psinjika. Kukana kugogoda kumadziwika ndi nambala ya octane, ndipo chisakanizo cha n-heptane ndi isooctane chinasankhidwa ngati chofotokozera. Mafuta amafuta amalonda amakhala ndi mtengo wa octane m'chigawo cha 70-98, chomwe chimafanana ndi kuchuluka kwa isooctane pakuphatikiza. Kuti muwonjezere izi, zowonjezera zowonjezera za octane-correcting zimalowetsedwa mu osakaniza - esters, alcohols, ndi ma ethylates olemera kwambiri. Pali ubale pakati pa psinjika ratio ndi mtundu wa petulo:
- Pankhani ya CV yochepera 10, AI-92 imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
- AI-10 ndiyofunika pa SJ 12-95.
- Ngati CV ndi 12-14 - AI-98.
- Ndi CV yofanana ndi 14, mudzafunika AI-98.
Pa injini ya carbureted, SOL ili pafupifupi 11,1. Pankhaniyi, mulingo woyenera kwambiri wa OC ndi 95. Komabe, methanol imagwiritsidwa ntchito mumitundu ina yamagalimoto othamanga. SD mu chitsanzo ichi imafika 15, ndipo OC imasiyana kuchokera 109 mpaka 140.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a octane otsika
Buku la galimoto limasonyeza mtundu wa injini ndi mafuta oyenera. Kugwiritsa ntchito chosakaniza choyaka moto ndi OC otsika kumabweretsa kupsa msanga kwamafuta ndipo nthawi zina kuwonongeka kwa zida zamagalimoto.
Ndikofunikiranso kumvetsetsa njira yoperekera mafuta yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kwa mtundu wamakina (carburetor), kutsata zofunikira za OC ndi SJ ndizovomerezeka. Pankhani yodziyimira pawokha kapena jekeseni, kusakaniza kwamafuta a mpweya kumasinthidwa pakompyuta. Kusakaniza kwa petulo kumakhutitsidwa kapena kutha kumtengo wofunikira wa OCH, ndipo injini ikuyenda bwino.
Mafuta ambiri a octane
AI-92 ndi AI-95 ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Ngati mutadzaza thanki, mwachitsanzo, ndi 95th m'malo mwa 92 yovomerezeka, sipadzakhala kuwonongeka kwakukulu. Mphamvu yokhayo idzawonjezeka mkati mwa 2-3%. Ngati mutadzaza galimoto ndi 92 m'malo mwa 95 kapena 98, ndiye kuti mafuta adzawonjezeka, ndipo mphamvu idzachepa. Magalimoto amakono okhala ndi jakisoni wamagetsi amawongolera kupezeka kwa chosakaniza choyaka moto ndi mpweya ndipo potero amateteza injini ku zotsatira zosafunika.
Table of compression ratio ndi nambala ya octane
Kugogoda kukana kwamafuta amagalimoto kumalumikizana mwachindunji ndi chiƔerengero cha kuponderezana, chomwe chikuwonetsedwa mu tebulo ili m'munsimu.
| INU | SJ |
| 72 | 6,8-7,0 |
| 76 | 7,2-7,5 |
| 80 | 8,0-9,0 |
| 91 | 9,0 |
| 92 | 9,1-9,2 |
| 93 | 9,3 |
| 95 | 10,5-12 |
| 98 | 12-14 |
| 100 | Opitilira 14 |
Pomaliza
Magesi amafuta amakhala ndi mikhalidwe iwiri ikuluikulu - kukana kugogoda ndi chiƔerengero cha kuponderezana. Kukwera kwa SO, OC imafunikanso. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mafuta omwe ali ndi mtengo wotsika kapena wapamwamba wotsutsa kugogoda m'magalimoto amakono sikungawononge injini, koma kudzakhudza mphamvu ndi mafuta.
