Zida zoyambira!
Mtundu uliwonse wa injini umafuna kuyambitsa mphamvu yakunja. Kuti mukwaniritse ntchitoyi, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito chida chowonjezera chomwe chimayamba modalirika ngakhale gawo lalikulu kwambiri lagalimoto nthawi zonse. M'magalimoto, ntchitoyi imachitika ndi choyambira, chomwe ndi mota ya DC. Ilinso ndi magiya ndi machitidwe owongolera.
Kodi ntchito?
Choyambira ndi chipangizo chaching'ono koma chanzeru chomwe chimapambana kukana kwa shaft chikayamba ndi torque yocheperako. Chipangizo choyambira chimakhala ndi gudumu laling'ono (lomwe limatchedwa giya), lomwe, pamene injini "yayamba", imalumikizana ndi mauna apadera mozungulira kuzungulira kwa flywheel kapena torque converter. Chifukwa cha liwiro loyambira kwambiri losinthidwa kukhala torque, crankshaft imatha kuzunguliridwa ndipo injini imatha kuyambika.
Magetsi kupita kumakina
Chinthu chofunika kwambiri poyambira ndi galimoto ya DC, yomwe imakhala ndi rotor ndi stator yokhala ndi ma windings, komanso maburashi a commutator ndi carbon. Ma stator windings amapanga mphamvu ya maginito. Pambuyo pa ma windings amayendetsedwa ndi mphamvu yachindunji kuchokera ku batri, yamakono imayendetsedwa kwa commutator kupyolera mu maburashi a carbon. Kenako madziwo amapita ku mafunde a rotor, ndikupanga maginito. Zosiyana ndi maginito a stator ndi rotor zimapangitsa kuti izi zizizungulira. Zoyambira zimasiyana wina ndi mnzake potengera mphamvu ndi kuthekera koyambira kwamagalimoto amitundu yosiyanasiyana. Zida zotsika mphamvu zopangira magalimoto ang'onoang'ono ndi njinga zamoto zimagwiritsa ntchito maginito okhazikika pamakona a stator, komanso ngati zoyambira zazikulu, ma electromagnets.
Ndi gearbox imodzi yothamanga
Choncho, injini yayamba kale kugwira ntchito. Komabe, funso lofunika liyenera kuthetsedwa: momwe mungatetezere choyambitsa kuti chisapitirire nthawi zonse ndi galimoto yomwe ikuyenda kale? Zida zoyambira pamwambapa (giya) zimayendetsedwa ndi zomwe zimatchedwa freewheel, zomwe zimadziwika kuti bendix. Imagwira ntchito yodzitchinjiriza motsutsana ndi kuthamanga kwambiri, kukulolani kuti mulowe ndikuchotsa zida zoyambira ndikuchita nawo mozungulira ma flywheel. Zimagwira ntchito bwanji? Pambuyo poyatsa, giya imasunthidwa ndi T-bar yapadera kuti igwire kuzungulira kwa flywheel. Nayenso, mutatha kuyambitsa injini, mphamvuyo imazimitsidwa. Mphete imabwerera kumalo ake oyambirira, kumasula zida kuchokera pachinkhoswe.
Relay, ie electromagnetic switchotentha
Ndipo potsiriza, mawu ochepa za momwe kubweretsa panopa kwa sitata, kapena m'malo kwa wake windings zofunika kwambiri. Ikayatsidwa, mphamvuyi imayenda kupita ku relay, ndiyeno mpaka pawiri ma windings: retracting ndi kugwira. Mothandizidwa ndi maginito amagetsi, mtengo wa T umayendetsedwa, womwe umagwirizana ndi giya ndi chinkhoswe mozungulira kuzungulira kwa flywheel. Pakatikati pa relay solenoid imakanikizidwa motsutsana ndi zolumikizira, chifukwa chake, injini yoyambira imayamba. Mphamvu yamagetsi yokhotakhota tsopano yazimitsidwa (giya "yalumikizidwa" kale kuti igwirizane ndi circumference ya flywheel), ndipo pakali pano ikupitiliza kuyenda mpaka injini yagalimoto itayamba. Pa nthawi ya ntchito yake ndi mafunde awa, panopa amasiya kuyenda ndipo Taurus kubwerera ku malo ake oyambirira.
