Njira zowongolera kukhazikika kwagalimoto ndi kasamalidwe: malingaliro othandiza

Nambala ya octane ikuwonetsa kukana kwa petulo kapena dizilo. Malo opangira mafuta amagulitsa mafuta a 92, 95, 98 ndi 5. Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa chiwerengero cha octane, mphamvu ya injini imawonjezeka ndi XNUMX%.

Wopangayo amayika mawonekedwe othamanga agalimoto pagawo lachitsanzo. Madalaivala amachitira izi mosiyana. Oyendetsa magalimoto a m'badwo wakale amawona makhalidwe amphamvu modekha, poganizira za galimoto ngati mayendedwe. Madalaivala ena amafunikira liwiro kuti agwirizane ndi moyo wamasiku ano. Palinso gulu losiyana - eni omwe ali ndi zilakolako zoyendetsa (tuners, okonda motorsport), omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi momwe angasinthire mphamvu ndi kuwongolera kwagalimoto.

Kodi kuyendetsa galimoto ndi chiyani komanso chifukwa chake muwonjezere

Mphamvu, kusamalira ndi kukhazikika kwa galimotoyo ndi mfundo zogwirizana. Yoyamba imamveka ngati nthawi yomwe galimotoyo imafika pamtunda wa makilomita mazana ambiri kuchokera pachiyambi. Zizindikiro zamphamvu zimasiyana m'magulu osiyanasiyana agalimoto: magalimoto owerengera omwe ali ndi injini mpaka malita 1,5 amathandizira "mpaka zana" mumasekondi 9-12, magalimoto okwera mtengo okhala ndi 200 hp. Ndi. ndi zina - kwa 7-9 masekondi. Eni makina onsewa amafuna kuchepetsa nthawi yofulumira. Kupititsa patsogolo kayendedwe ka galimoto sikofunikira kokha pamagalimoto amasewera - zimawatengera masekondi 3-4 kuti afikire zana losilira. The chizindikiro amakhudzidwa ndi kukokera ndi braking makhalidwe a galimoto.

Kusamalira magalimoto

Kugwira kumasonyeza momwe galimoto imachitira mofulumira komanso mokwanira ndi zochita za dalaivala. Kuchita bwino kwa chiwongolero m'njira zosiyanasiyana zoyendetsera, kugwira bwino m'misewu yoterera, yonyowa komanso yafumbi kumawonetsa kugwirira bwino. Kusintha kosavuta kumene, kuyenda popanda skids kumbali ndi rollovers kumatchedwa kukhazikika kwa kayendetsedwe ka galimoto.

Eni magalimoto amawonjezera luso laukadaulo lopangidwa ndi wopanga kuti awonetsetse kuyambika kochititsa chidwi, kuti asataye nthawi pamagetsi am'misewu yamzindawu. Podutsa misewu yayikulu, kuchedwa kwachiwiri kungakhale kofunikira.

Njira zowongolera kuyendetsa galimoto

Pali njira zambiri zowonjezerera mphamvu zama injini: zina zimapereka zotsatira zosawoneka bwino, zina zimakondweretsa ndi zotsatira zapamwamba. Pali njira zotsika mtengo komanso zokwera mtengo zowongolera kukhazikika kwagalimoto ndi kusamalira.

Kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa ntchito

Ndi 10%, n'zotheka kusintha kayendedwe ka galimoto ndi muyeso waukulu - kuwonjezeka kwa voliyumu ya chipinda choyaka moto (CC).

Pali njira ziwiri:

1. Dulani ma silinda. Ndipo ikani ma pistoni akuluakulu. Mu midadada yachitsulo yachitsulo, sungani ma pistoni: gwiritsani ntchito zolakwika zazing'ono pamakoma omwe amasunga filimu yamafuta. Kuvuta kwa njirayo ndikuti sikutheka kunyamula ma silinda mu garaja: e. Ndondomekoyi ikuchitika ndi akatswiri oyendetsa galimoto. Kubwezeretsanso sikofunikira kwa ma aluminiyamu BC okhala ndi manja onyowa a liner: ingosintha magawo kukhala mainchesi okulirapo.
2. Wonjezerani kugunda kwa piston: sinthani crankshaft ndi sitiroko yayitali. Chitsanzo: pisitoni VAZ-2110 - 71 mm. Pokhazikitsa crankshaft yokhala ndi utali wosiyana wa crank, ndizotheka kukulitsa sitiroko mpaka 75,6 mm ndi kuchuluka kwa chipinda choyaka mpaka 100 cm.³.

Kuphatikiza zonse ziwirizi, mumapeza chiwonjezeko chomwe chikuyembekezeka pakuchita bwino kwamagalimoto.

Chonde dziwani kuti nthawi yomweyo kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kudzawonjezeka, gwero la magetsi lidzachepetsedwa.

Pambuyo potopetsa BC, yang'anani mabuleki, sinthani polowera mafuta ndi potulutsa mpweya wotulutsa mpweya (kukhathamiritsa makinawo kuti akhale ndi voliyumu yayikulu).

Kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa psinjika

Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumakhalabe komweko, koma muyenera kusinthira kumafuta okwera mtengo okhala ndi ma octane apamwamba ngati mungaganize zowongolera kasamalidwe kagalimoto powonjezera kuponderezana - kuchuluka kwa kuponderezana.

Ma cylinders otopetsa ndi njira yoyamba yowonjezeramo kuponderezana. Powonjezera gawo mu Lada Grant kuchokera ku 8 mpaka 10 atmospheres, mudzapeza kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu 10%.

Komanso, magwiridwe antchito a injini amatha kupezeka poyika gasket yocheperako pamutu wa silinda. Komabe, izi zimawonjezera mwayi wolumikizana ndi ma valve ndi ma pistoni.

Kukonza ndondomeko ya kudya

Kupereka ma silinda ndi mpweya wochulukirapo ndikuwongolera mphamvu zamagalimoto ndi muyeso uwu, sinthani zinthu zomwe mumadya.

Kuyika zosefera ziro

M'malo mwa sefa yokhazikika ya mpweya (VF), yopangidwa ndi zinthu zowuma, ikani "zero". Kapangidwe kazinthu zosefera zotere ndizochepa. Zomwe zimaipitsa ntchito zaposachedwa za VF, koma zimawonjezera kutulutsa kwake.

Kusintha gawo la fakitale la Lada Vesta ndi FNS (zero resistance fyuluta) K & N kumapereka kuwonjezereka kwapang'onopang'ono, kotero ndondomekoyi ndi yoyenera kuphatikiza ndi zina.

Kuwonjezeka kwa throttle

Kukula kwa valavu m'mimba mwake "Renault Logan" ndi zoweta "Lad" - 47 mm. Kutopetsa gawo mpaka 54 mm, mukhoza kupeza kuwonjezeka imperceptible mu mphamvu ya galimoto. Chotsatira chogwirika chidzakhala ngati kukonzanso kwa throttle kumayendetsedwa ndi njira zina zosinthira dongosolo lamadyedwe.

Mphuno yowonjezereka ikhoza kugulidwa. Kukula: 52 mm, 54 mm, 56 mm. Mbali yotchuka kwambiri yopuma ndi 54 mm.

Kukhazikitsa wolandila

Kuthamanga kwa mpweya panjira yopita ku CC (chipinda choyaka) kumayendetsedwa ndi wolandira. Mu VAZs 2112 ndi 2114, mbali zake zimakhala ndi zovuta: kutalika kwa njira sikufanana, zomwe zimapangidwira ndi pulasitiki.

Wolandila

Ikani chidutswa chowotcherera kapena choponyedwa chokhala ndi zolowera zazifupi koma kuchuluka kwa chipinda. Malo opangira magetsi adzalandira kusakaniza bwino kwamafuta a mpweya, ndipo mudzawona kuchuluka kwa injini.

Kuchotsa kuchuluka kwa kudya

Monga gawo lakukonzekera kwa dongosolo lamadyedwe, m'malo mwake lowetsani "mapaipi" - machubu afupikitsa omwe amawongolera kuthamanga kwambiri. Kuyika ma nozzles pa silinda iliyonse kumakhala kokwera mtengo.

Kukonza dongosolo la exhaust

Pambuyo pa kuyaka kwa magulu amafuta (mafuta osakanikirana ndi mpweya), mpweya wotulutsa mpweya umatulutsidwa kuchokera kuchipinda choyaka kudzera muutsi, womwe nthawi yomweyo umachepetsa kuphulika ndi kugwedezeka. Chophimba, kubweretsa ubwino woonekera, pang'ono chimachotsa mphamvu ya galimoto. Kusintha kwamakono kwa dongosolo la utsi kumachitika mu zigawo zonse.

Wosonkhanitsa

Ichi ndi chachikulu "cholakwa" cha imfa ya makhalidwe amphamvu a galimoto. Kupititsa patsogolo kayendetsedwe ka galimoto, m'malo mwa chinthu chokhazikika ndi njira ya Spider, monga Mitsubishi Pajero Sport, pomwe mapaipi anayi amaphatikizidwa kukhala amodzi.

Resonator

Wonjezerani m'mimba mwake wa resonator: izi zidzasintha scavenging wa masilindala pa utsi ndi kuonjezera makokedwe injini. Chotsani chosinthira chothandizira (ngati chilipo), ikani chomangira moto m'malo mwake.

Silencer mapeto

Gawo lomaliza la dongosolo lotulutsa mpweya lili kutali kwambiri ndi njira zambiri kuti muchepetse kumveka kwake. M'malo mwa muffler wamba ndi chowongoka: kukana kutuluka kwa mpweya wotulutsa mpweya kumatsika kwambiri, komanso kuyamwa kwamawu.

Konzani motere: ikani chitoliro chokhala ndi perforated kumapeto kwa chowumitsira. Gawo lake la mtanda liyenera kukhala laling'ono. Yalani CHIKWANGWANI chosagwira kutentha pakati pa mapaipi akunja ndi amkati. Kuti zisagwe ndikuwulukira mumsewu, ikani mauna pakati pa zodzaza.

Kukonzekera kwa Chip

Ngati mwasintha mphamvu yamagetsi ndi zida zoyandikana nazo, simungathe kuchita popanda kukonza chip.

Njirayi ndiyothandiza pakuwongolera kayendetsedwe kagalimoto.

Kukhazikitsanso kompyuta pa board ndikukhazikitsa pulogalamu yatsopano kumakhala ndi zotsatirazi:

• mafuta amachepetsedwa;
• kuchuluka kwa injini;
• kuchuluka kwa chitonthozo choyendetsa.

Popeza panalibe kusokoneza mapangidwe galimoto, chip ikukonzekera si kuphwanya chitsimikizo.

Kuchepetsa kulemera kwa flywheel ndi pistoni

Kupepuka kwa gudumu la ntchentche, m'pamenenso limathamanga kwambiri. Mutha kusintha mphamvu zamagalimoto posintha zinthu izi m'magalasi. Zotsatira zake ndi zazing'ono - mpaka 4%, mtengo wa gawolo ndi wapamwamba - mpaka ma ruble 5 zikwi.

pisitoni

Koma njirayo ndi yabwino kwambiri ngati yowonjezera, ngati mukusintha pistoni za fakitale kuti zikhale zokopa: zotsirizirazi zimakhala zamphamvu kuposa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo injini imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa pakuyenda kwawo.

Kuchepetsa mikangano

Kukangana kulikonse kumachepetsa mphamvu yamakina. M'makina oyaka mkati, ma pistoni amalumikizana ndi ma silinda, ndipo gawo la "akavalo" a injini limathera pa izi.

Zigawo za friction zimadutsa mu mafuta. Ngati muwongolera filimuyo ndi zowonjezera zapadera, ndiye kuti kuwonongeka kwa mikangano kudzachepa.

Sankhani zowonjezerapo zovuta kuti ziyeretse zinthu ku mwaye ndi madipoziti. Zotsatira zabwino za zowonjezera ndi 5-7% kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu.

Kusintha kwa Camshaft

Camshaft (PB) imayang'anira kuchuluka kwa kukwera komanso nthawi yotsegulira ma valve.

Ndizowona kuonjezera mphamvu zagalimoto mwa kukhazikitsa camshafts yamasewera - "grassroots" kapena "kavalo".

Vuto la magalimoto a VAZ ndikuti palibe chokoka pa liwiro lotsika la crankshaft. Izi zikutanthauza kuti tikufuna camshaft ya "grassroots" yamakono yokhala ndi valavu pang'ono. Zomalizazi, komabe, ziyenera kuyendetsedwa.

Kutembenuza

Zotsatira zochititsa chidwi kwambiri pakuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu zamahatchi opangidwa ndi injini ya mumlengalenga (kawiri kapena kuposerapo) zimaperekedwa ndi turbocharging. Mitundu yaposachedwa ya AvtoVAZ imabwera ndi njira iyi kuchokera kufakitale. Kuchuluka kwa kuyaka kwamafuta mu masilindala kumadalira kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe umaperekedwa. Choncho, pa injini otsika mphamvu 1,4-1,5 malita (mwachitsanzo, "Renault Logan Stepway", gawo akhoza kuikidwa, ndi amene ali ndi mphamvu (monga "Kia Rio") - kuonjezera kukula kwa turbocharger fakitale. kapena mphamvu ya mkati mwake .

Ndizovuta kupanga kukonzanso kwakukulu ndi manja anu, pokhapokha ngati simuli katswiri wamagalimoto. Kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwamafuta pagalimoto, muyenera kusamalira chowongolera (intercooler), kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zoziziritsa kukhosi kapena kunyamula fani yamphamvu. Kuonjezera apo, m'malo mwa majekeseni a katundu ndi opambana kwambiri.

Kusintha mawilo

Mawilo opepuka ndi matayala amachepetsa kulemera kwa galimoto ndi 20-30 kg. Matayala opepuka amawonetsa kuzizira pang'ono: magalimoto kuyambira poyambira amafika 100 km/h mwachangu komanso amaboola bwino. Sankhani matayala apamwamba pa disks zapakatikati.

Zowonjezera zosankha

Pali njira zambiri zowonjezera chiwerengero cha "akavalo" a mphamvu. Ambiri a iwo amapangidwa ndi kupangidwa ndi amisiri apakhomo.

Kuzirala kwa mpweya

Mpweya wozizira kwambiri umalowa m'masilinda, m'pamenenso kuyaka kwa mpweya wosakaniza ndi mpweya wabwino.

Chitani izi:

• khazikitsani nthawi yayitali kuti mutenge mpweya wabwino kuchokera ku phiko, osati pansi pa hood;
• kukulunga chakudyacho ndi chivundikiro chotentha (chogulitsidwa m'masitolo amoto);
• kutseka dzenje pansi pa phiko mu chipinda injini ndi chophimba pulasitiki;
• zimitsani kutentha kwamphamvu, yikani gasket yotentha yotentha.

Insulator pakati pa mutu ndi wosonkhanitsa (mutha kugula) idzagwiranso ntchito kuziziritsa mpweya.

Chosavuta utsi dongosolo

Kutha kwa mpweya wotulutsa nthawi yomweyo kuseri kwa utsi wosiyanasiyana kumapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zambiri, ndikuchotsa gawo la mphamvu ya injini. Ntchito ya chochunira ndikuchepetsa kukakamizidwa uku kuti apititse patsogolo mpweya wochokera ku CC. Muyesowu umathandizira kuonetsetsa kuti mpweya wabwino ndi mafuta ambiri amalowa m'masilinda. Kuchulukirachulukira kwamafuta m'zipinda, m'pamenenso injiniyo imagwira ntchito kwambiri.

Kuti mukwaniritse kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa mpweya, mukhoza kukhazikitsa ndondomeko yowonongeka molunjika. Njira ina: m'malo mwa fakitale ndi "kangaude". Mu "mzere wowongoka" mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mapaipi apakatikati a mainchesi akulu. Nenani zinthu za thirakiti lotayirira ndi corrugation kapena cholumikizira mpira.

Kuwonjezeka koyembekezeka kwa mphamvu kuchokera ku njira yosavuta yotulutsa mpweya ndi malita 3-5. s., kuwonjezeka kwenikweni kwa phokoso ndi 5-6 dB. Chifukwa chake, kuti muchepetse ma decibel, kwezani banki yomaliza.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ambiri a octane

Nambala ya octane ikuwonetsa kukana kwa petulo kapena dizilo. Malo opangira mafuta amagulitsa mafuta a 92, 95, 98 ndi 5. Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa chiwerengero cha octane, mphamvu ya injini imawonjezeka ndi XNUMX%.

Gasoline

Koma muyenera kuyang'ana pa zomwe wopanga akupanga: ngati mafuta a AI-92-Ai-95 akulimbikitsidwa, ndiye kuti AI-98 yapamwamba kwambiri imakhala yopanda phindu, chifukwa nthawi yoyatsira imayikidwa pafakitale. Pogwiritsa ntchito mafuta osavomerezeka, m'malo mowonjezera mphamvu, mutha kuyaka kosalamulirika kophulika kwa misonkhano yamafuta ndi kuphulika kwakukulu.

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Kuyenda bwino kwa magudumu

Ma radius a disk, m'lifupi mwa tayala ndi kulemera kwa gudumu la gudumu zimakhudza kusintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka galimoto ndi mphamvu zowonjezera. Kukula kwa malo okhudzana, kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kuti injini ipeze liwiro lomwe mukufuna.

Kuyanjanitsa matayala ndi kulinganiza, ngati njirazo zinyalanyazidwa, zimakhudzanso ntchito ya injini. Mbali ina ya mphamvuyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhazikitsa bata, chiwongolero, ndi mabuleki. Chifukwa chake, madalaivala odziwa bwino amalabadira kuwongolera mawilo.

Momwe mungasinthire mphamvu zamagalimoto KWA ndalama zochepa, LAVR-Laurus