Zowonjezera zamakono za M60 Cz. 2
Tanki ya M60 SLEP, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti M60A4S, ndi lingaliro lokweza limodzi la banja la M60 kuchokera ku Raytheon ndi L-3.
Chifukwa chakuti akasinja a M60 anali otchuka ndi ogwirizana ndi US (ena a iwo kale) padziko lonse lapansi, M60 ikugwirabe ntchito m'mayiko ambiri - makamaka olemera kwambiri, omwe sakanatha kugula magalimoto a m'badwo wachitatu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngakhale m'zaka za zana la 50, patatha zaka XNUMX kuchokera pomwe zidasinthidwa koyamba mu Gulu Lankhondo la US, kukulitsa moyo wawo wautumiki ndi kusinthika kotsatira kumaganiziridwa.
Chrysler Corporation M60 Patton thanki mwalamulo analowa ntchito ndi US Army mu December 1960 (idakhazikitsidwa kale pang'ono, mu March 1959), monga wolowa m'malo M48 (komanso Patton). Ndipotu, amayenera kukhala woyamba waukulu nkhondo thanki mu Army US, monga anayeneranso m'malo otsiriza American akasinja olemera - M103. Soviet T-62 akhoza kuonedwa ngati mnzake kumbali ina ya Iron Curtain. Panthawi imeneyo, anali makina amakono, ngakhale olemera, matani oposa 46 (M60). Poyerekeza, ndi bwino kutchula kulemera kwa nkhondo ya akasinja ena a nthawi imeneyo: matani M103 - 59, matani M48 - 45, matani T-62 - 37,5, T-10M - 57,5 matani. Zinali zida zankhondo, chifukwa mu mtundu wa M60 zida zankhondo zinali mpaka 110 mm wandiweyani, zida zankhondo mpaka 178 mm, ndipo chifukwa cha kupendekera ndi mawonekedwe a mapepala, makulidwe ake anali akulu. Kumbali ina, ubwino wa zida zankhondo unathetsedwa ndi miyeso yayikulu ya matanki a M60A1 / A3 (kutalika popanda mbiya × m'lifupi × kutalika: pafupifupi 6,95 × 3,6 × 3,3 m; miyeso ya T-62 yokhala ndi zida zofanana ndi zida: pafupifupi 6,7 .3,35 x 2,4 x 60 m). Komanso, M105 anali ndi zida (68-mm M7 mizinga ndi Baibulo chiphatso cha British L48 thanki mfuti, ndi ogwira onyamula zida onyamula zida ndi zipolopolo zopezeka kuyambira chiyambi cha utumiki), mofulumira mokwanira (12 Km / h, zoperekedwa ndi Continental AVDS-1790 - 2-silinda injini) 551A ndi mphamvu ya 750 kW / 850 hp, kucheza ndi GMC CD-105 hydromechanical kufala), ndipo m'manja mwa ophunzitsidwa bwino ndi ogwirizana ogwira ntchito. mdani woopsa wa thanki iliyonse ya Soviet panthawiyo. Zosafunika kwenikweni zinali zowunikira komanso zida zomwe zinali zabwino kwambiri panthawiyo: mawonekedwe owonera masana a wowombera mfuti a M8D okhala ndi kukula kwa 17x, mawonekedwe amtundu wa M1A500 (kapena C) okhala ndi miyeso yoyambira 4400 mpaka 1 m, nsanja yowonera wamkulu wa M28. ndi zida zake (M37C ndi periscopes eyiti) ndipo, potsiriza, periscope yozungulira ya M36 Loader. Pankhani ya ntchito usiku, zida zazikulu za mkulu ndi wowombera mfuti zidasinthidwa ndi zida za M32 ndi M1 (motsatana), zomwe zimagwirizana ndi chowunikira cha AN / VSS-XNUMX.
Kukula kwa M60
Zomwe zidachitika pambuyo pake zidali zowonetsetsa kuti nkhondo ikugwira ntchito kwazaka zambiri zikubwerazi. M60A1, yomwe idalowa ntchito mu 1962, idalandira zida zatsopano, zotsogola komanso zotsogola, zida zomangirira zam'tsogolo, zida zamfuti zawonjezeka kuchokera pa 60 mpaka 63, ndipo zida ziwiri zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zidayambitsidwa. Zaka khumi pambuyo pake, pakusilira zida za rocket (komanso poyankha kukalamba kwa M60A1), mtundu wa M60A2 Starship (lit. spaceship, dzina losavomerezeka) idayambitsidwa, yokhala ndi turret yatsopano. Inali ndi mfuti ya 152 mm M162 yotsika kwambiri (yofupikitsidwa idagwiritsidwa ntchito mu tank M551 Sheridan airmobile tank), yomwe idagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuwombera zida zoyendetsedwa ndi MGM-51 Shillelagh, zomwe zimayenera kupereka luso lotha kugunda molondola. zolinga, kuphatikizapo zida, pa mtunda wautali. Mavuto nthawi zonse luso ndi mtengo wa zida zinachititsa kuti 526 okha (malinga ndi magwero ena panali 540 kapena 543) ya akasinja opangidwa (turrets latsopano pa akale M60 chassis), amene mwamsanga anatembenukira kwa Air Force. muyezo. mtundu M60A3 kapena zida zapadera. M60A3 idapangidwa mu 1978 ngati yankho ku mavuto ndi M60A2. Zosintha za M60A1 zikuphatikiza, mwa zina, zida zatsopano zowongolera moto, zomwe ndizosavuta kuwongolera moto. Kuyambira pakati pa 1979, mu mtundu wa M60A3 (TTS), awa anali: AN / VSG-2 TTS zowoneka zotentha masana ndi usiku kwa wowombera mfuti ndi wamkulu, AN / VVG-2 ruby laser rangefinder yokhala ndi mitundu ingapo. mpaka 5000 m ndi digito ballistic kompyuta M21. Chifukwa cha ichi, kulondola kwa kuwombera koyamba kwa mfuti ya M68 kwawonjezeka kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, mfuti yatsopano yamakina ya 7,62-mm M240 idayambitsidwa, dalaivala adalandira AN / VVS-3A passive periscope, zisanu ndi chimodzi (2 × 3) zowombera utsi ndi jenereta ya utsi, makina ozimitsa moto ndi nyimbo zatsopano. anaikidwanso zoyala mphira . Chiwerengero chonse cha M60 chinali mayunitsi 15.
Kale m'zaka za m'ma 70, kumbali ina ya Iron Curtain, magalimoto ambiri a T-64A / B, T-80 / B ndi T-72A adawonekera pamzere, omwe asilikali a Pattons omwe anali osatha ntchito sanathe kumenyana. mu nkhondo yofanana. Pazifukwa izi, Teledyne Continental Motors idapanga pulojekiti yakuya yobwezeretsanso yomwe imadziwika kuti Super M70 ya Patton kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 80s ndi 60s. Kutulutsidwa mu 1980, phukusi lamakono liyenera kuonjezera mphamvu za M60. Galimotoyo idalandira zida zowonjezera zamitundu yambiri, zoteteza makamaka ku kuzungulira kwa HEAT, zomwe zidasintha kwambiri mawonekedwe a turret. Kuonjezera apo, kupulumuka kwa ogwira ntchito kumayenera kuonjezera njira yatsopano yotetezera moto. Kuwonjezeka kwa moto kuyenera kukhudzidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mfuti ya M68-M68A1 (yofanana ndi ya tank M1) yokhala ndi maulendo 63, koma kuyanjana ndi M60A3 optoelectronics. Kuwonjezeka kwa kulemera kwa matani 56,3 kumafuna kusintha kwa kuyimitsidwa (hydropneumatic shock absorbers anawonjezeredwa) ndi kufalitsa. Chomaliza mu Super M60 chinali chokhala ndi injini ya dizilo ya Teledyne CR-1790-1B yokhala ndi mphamvu ya 868,5 kW / 1180 hp, yophatikizidwa ndi kufala kwa Renk RK 304 hydromechanical. mpaka 72km/h. Ola Komabe, Super M60 sinadzutse chidwi cha asitikali aku US, omwe adangoyang'ana mawonekedwe atsopano - tsogolo la M1 Abrams.
