Chiyanjano pakati pa kusamutsidwa ndi mphamvu

Iyi ndi nkhani yomwe mwina tikambirane, koma ndiyesetsa kuyiyankha komabe (mwachiyembekezo mothandizidwa ndi ndemanga) ... Chifukwa chake funso nlakuti, kodi mphamvu imangokhudzana ndi kusamutsidwa kwa injini. ? Sindilankhula za makokedwe apa, omwe ndi amodzi mwamphamvu zamagetsi (omwe akufuna kudziwa zambiri zakusiyana pakati pa makokedwe ndi mphamvu azipita kuno. Nkhani yokhudza kusiyana pakati pa dizilo ndi mafuta itha kukhala yosangalatsa ..).

Zosintha zosankha? Inde ndi ayi…

Ngati titenga zinthu kuchokera kutsogolo, ndizomveka kuti injini yayikulu ndiyamphamvu kwambiri komanso yowolowa manja kuposa injini yaying'ono (mwachidziwikire kapangidwe komweko), mpaka pamenepo izi ndizopusa komanso zosasangalatsa. Komabe, mawu awa amangowonjezera zinthu mopepuka, ndipo nkhani zamagalimoto zazaka zingapo zapitazi zawayesa khutu, ndikulankhula zochepetsa anthu.

Injini ndiyoposa kusuntha basi!

Monga amateurs amakaniko amadziwa, mphamvu yama injini, kapena kuti magwiridwe antchito ake, imalumikizidwa ndi magawo onse, zazikuluzikulu zomwe zimaperekedwa pansipa (ngati zina mwa izo zikusowa, chonde kumbukirani pansi pa tebulo). tsamba).

Zinthu ndi zosintha zomwe zimatsimikizira mphamvu ya injini:

• Cubature (chifukwa chake ...). Kukula kwa chipinda choyaka moto, m'pamenenso timatha kupanga "kuphulika" kwakukulu (kuyaka kwenikweni), chifukwa titha kuthira mpweya ndi mafuta ochulukirapo.
• Kutentha: turbo kapena compressor, kapena onse nthawi imodzi. Kuthamanga komwe turbo imatumiza (kompresa mphamvu imakhudzana ndikutuluka kwa utsi komanso kukula kwa turbocharger), zimakhala bwino!
• Topology Yambiri: "Mtundu wa mpweya" wolowa mu injini ndiwofunikira pakuwonjezera mphamvu yamagetsi. Zowonadi, zimadalira kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe ungalowe (chifukwa chake kufunikira kwa kapangidwe kake, fyuluta yamlengalenga, komanso turbocharger, yomwe imatha kukoka mpweya wambiri nthawi yomweyo: zidzatero kupanikizika) panthawi yake, komanso kutentha kwa mpweyawo (wopumira womwe umaloleza kuti uzizire)
• Chiwerengero cha masilindala: Injini ya 2.0-lita 4-silinda idzakhala yocheperako kuposa V8 yosunthira komweko. Fomula 1 ndi chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri cha izi! Masiku ano ndi V6 yokhala ndi 1.6 malita (2.4 malita pa nkhani ya V8 ndi malita 3.0 mu V10: mphamvu imaposa 700 hp).
• Jekeseni: Kuchulukitsa kwa jakisoni kumapangitsa kuti mafuta azitumizidwa pafupipafupi (injini yotchuka ya 4-stroke). M'malo mwake tizingolankhula za carburetor pamagalimoto akale (thupi lowirikiza limapereka mafuta ambiri kuzipilala kuposa thupi limodzi). Mwachidule, mpweya wambiri komanso mafuta ambiri zimayambitsa kuyaka, sizimapitilira.
• Ubwino wa mpweya / mafuta osakanikirana, omwe amayesedwa pakompyuta (chifukwa chakuwona kwama sensa omwe amayang'ana mpweya wozungulira)
• Kusintha / nthawi yoyatsira (mafuta) kapena pampu yamafuta othya kwambiri
• Camshaft / kuchuluka kwa mavavu: Ndi ma camshafts awiri apamwamba, kuchuluka kwa ma valve pa silinda kumachulukitsidwa, kulola kuti injini ipume mopitilira ("kudzoza" ndi mavavu olowera ndi "kutulutsa" kudzera pamagetsi otulutsa)
• Utsi ndiwofunikanso kwambiri ... Mwa njira, othandizira ndi DPF samathandiza kwambiri ...
• Kuwonetsera injini, komwe kumangokhala makonda azinthu zosiyanasiyana: mwachitsanzo, turbo (kuchokera ku zinyalala) kapena jakisoni (kuthamanga / kuthamanga). Chifukwa chake kupambana kwa tchipisi chamagetsi kapena kukonzanso kwa injini ya ECU.
• Kupanikizika kwa injini kudzakhalanso chimodzi mwazosintha, monga magawano.
• Kapangidwe ka injiniyo, komwe kumatha kuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito pochepetsa mikangano yambiri yamkati, komanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa anthu mkati (mapisitoni, ndodo zolumikizira, crankshaft, ndi zina). Osayiwala zamagetsi pamagalimoto oyaka moto, zomwe zimadalira mawonekedwe a ma pistoni kapena mtundu wa jakisoni (wolunjika kapena wosalunjika, kapena onse nthawi imodzi). Palinso ntchito yomwe ingachitike ndi mavavu ndi mitu yamphamvu.

Mafananizidwe ena a injini ndi kusuntha komweko

Zofananitsa zina zitha kudumpha, koma ndikuchepetsa pano: chimodzi!

Ulendo wa Dodge 2.4 malita 4 zonenepa kwa 170 h	F1 V8 2.4 malita chifukwa 750 h
PSA 2.0 HDI 90 h	PSA 2.0 HDI 180 h
BMW 525i (3.0 malitaE60 mwa Kichikujima ch	BMW M4 3.0 malita de 431 h

Zotsatira?

Chabwino, titha kunena kuti kusuntha kwa injini ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zambiri zamapangidwe a injini, kotero sizomwe zimatsimikizira mphamvu zomwe zimapangidwira. Ndipo ngati izi ndizofunikira kwambiri (makamaka poyerekeza ndi injini ziwiri zamapangidwe omwewo), kuchepetsa kusamuka kumatha kulipidwa ndi machenjerero ambiri (mainjini ang'onoang'ono otchuka omwe takambirana kwambiri kuyambira pomwe adalowa msika) , ngakhale izi nthawi zambiri zimakhudza kuvomereza: injini yosasinthika komanso yozungulira (makamaka 3-silinda), nthawi zina imakhala ndi khalidwe losasunthika: kugwedezeka (chifukwa cha kudya kwambiri komanso nthawi zambiri jekeseni "Nervous").

Khalani omasuka kunena malingaliro anu kumapeto kwa tsambalo, zingakhale zosangalatsa kufotokoza malingaliro ena pazokambirana! Zikomo aliyense.