Ngwazi zachiyanjano: Skoda Octavia woyamba

Kuchokera ku bomba la Soviet ndi America kupita kunja kopambana kwa chikomyunizimu Czechoslovakia

Mpaka Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, Czechoslovakia inali ndi imodzi mwamafakitale otsogola kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi - okhala ndi opanga ambiri, zitsanzo ndi chuma chambiri chaukadaulo ndi mamangidwe ake.

Inde, panali zosintha zazikulu pambuyo pa nkhondo. Choyamba, mu Epulo ndi Meyi 1945, ndege zankhondo za Allies zidawononga mafakitale a Skoda ku Pilsen ndi Mlada Boleslav.

Chithunzi cha fayiloyi chikuwonetsa gulu la US 324th Bomber Squadron panjira yopita ku ntchito yake yomaliza yankhondo, kuphulitsidwa kwa fakitale ya Skoda ku Pilsen.

Ngakhale kuti panthawiyo adapanga zida zankhondo kwa Ajeremani, zomera ziwirizi zakhala zikugwira ntchito mpaka pano, chifukwa zili pafupi kwambiri ndi madera okhala anthu ndipo chiopsezo cha kuvulala kwa anthu ndi chachikulu. Kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 1945, nkhondoyo inali kutha, ndipo zinali zoonekeratu kuti katundu wa mafakitale awiriwa sadzatha kufika kutsogolo. Chigamulo choukira Pilsen pa April 25 ndi ndale - kotero kuti magalimoto ndi zipangizo zisagwere m'manja mwa asilikali a Soviet. Ogwira ntchito m'mafakitale 335 okha ndi omwe adaphedwa ku Pilsen, koma mabomba adagwetsa molakwika adawononga nyumba 67 ndikupha anthu ena XNUMX.

Chomera ku Mladá Boleslav chinaphulitsidwa ndi bomba la Soviet Petlyakov Pe-2, pafupifupi tsiku limodzi pambuyo pa kutha kwa nkhondo.

Chotsutsana kwambiri ndi kuphulika kwa mabomba kwa Mlada Boleslav kochitidwa ndi Soviet Air Force pa May 9 - pafupifupi tsiku limodzi pambuyo pa kugonja kwa Germany. Mzindawu ndi wofunika kwambiri pamayendedwe ndipo asitikali ambiri aku Germany asonkhana pano. Kulungamitsidwa kwa chiwembucho ndikusatsatira mfundo zogonja. Anthu 500 adamwalira, 150 mwa iwo anali anthu wamba aku Czech, fakitale ya Skoda idagwa.

Umu ndi momwe chomeracho ku Mlada Boleslav chimayang'anira mabomba aku Soviet. Chithunzi kuchokera ku Czech State Archives.

Ngakhale kuwonongeka, Skoda mwamsanga adatha kuyambiranso kupanga mwa kusonkhanitsa nkhondo yoyamba ya 995. Ndipo mu 1947, pamene kupanga Moskvich-400 (pafupifupi Opel Kadett ya chitsanzo cha 1938) kunayamba ku USSR, Czechs anali okonzeka. kuti ayankhe ndi chitsanzo chawo choyamba pambuyo pa nkhondo - Skoda 1101 Tudor.

M'malo mwake, iyi si mtundu watsopanowu, koma ndi galimoto yotsogola kuyambira m'ma 30. Amayendetsedwa ndi injini ya 1.1-lita 32 yamahatchi (poyerekeza, injini ya Muscovite imangopanga ma 23 akavalo okhawo).

1101 Tudor - chitsanzo choyamba pambuyo pa nkhondo Skoda

Kusintha kwakukulu mu Tudor ndiko kupanga - akadali ndi mapiko otuluka, osati mapangidwe a pontoon, komabe amakono kwambiri kuposa zitsanzo za nkhondo isanayambe.

Tudor si chitsanzo chambiri: zopangira ndizosowa, ndipo mu Czechoslovakia kale Socialist (pambuyo pa 1948), nzika wamba sangathe ngakhale kulota galimoto yake. Mu 1952, mwachitsanzo, magalimoto apadera a 53 okha ndi omwe adalembetsa. Ndicho chifukwa chake "Skoda 90-1101" ili ndi zosintha zambiri: chosinthika, ngolo ya zitseko zitatu, ngakhale roadster.

Skoda 1200. Nzika wamba zaku Czechoslovak sangathe kugula, ngakhale atakhala ndi ndalama.

Mu 1952, "Skoda 1200" inawonjezeredwa ku mndandanda - chitsanzo choyamba chokhala ndi thupi lonse lachitsulo, pamene Tudor anali nacho pang'ono matabwa. Injini kale umabala 36 ndiyamphamvu, ndi "Skoda 1201" - mpaka 45 akavalo. Mabaibulo a 1202 station wagon opangidwa ku Vrahlabi amatumizidwa kumsasa wonse wa Socialist, kuphatikizapo Bulgaria, monga ambulansi. Palibe aliyense ku Eastern Bloc yemwe wapanga mtundu uwu wagalimoto pano.

Skoda 1202 Combi ngati ambulansi. Amatumizidwanso ku Bulgaria, ngakhale sitinapeze chidziwitso pamanambala enieni. Ena mwa iwo adatumikirabe muzipatala zamaboma mzaka za m'ma 80.

Mu theka lachiwiri la zaka za m'ma 50, pambuyo pa kugwa kwa Stalinism ndi chipembedzo cha umunthu, kukwera kwakukulu kunayamba ku Czechoslovakia, zonse zauzimu ndi mafakitale. Kuwonetsera kwake kowala mu Skoda ndi chitsanzo chatsopano cha 440. Poyamba ankatchedwa Spartak, koma adasiya dzinali. - sizikuwoneka ngati zosinthika kwambiri kwa ogula kumadzulo. Mndandanda woyamba umayendetsedwa ndi injini yodziwika bwino ya 1.1-horsepower 40-lita, ndikutsatiridwa ndi mtundu wa 445 1.2-lita 45-horsepower. Iyi ndi galimoto yoyamba yotchedwa Skoda Octavia.

Skoda 440 Spartak. Komabe, dzina la Thracian gladiator posachedwa lidachotsedwa kuti ogula kuseri kwa "Iron Curtain" asawapeze nawonso "achikominisi". CSFR Imasowa Ndalama Zosandulika

Apanso, ma Czech omwe amatumiza kunja amapereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana - pali sedan, pali ngolo yazitseko zitatu, palinso msewu wokongola wofewa komanso wolimba kwambiri wotchedwa Felicia. Nawonso masewera amapasa-carb - injini ya 1.1-lita imatulutsa 50 mahatchi, pamene 1.2-lita imapanga 55. Liwiro lapamwamba limadumphira ku 125 km / h - chizindikiro chabwino cha nthawi ya kusamuka kochepa.

Skoda Octavia, 1955 kumasulidwa

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 60, zomera za Mladá Boleslav zinamangidwanso ndipo zinayamba kupanga chitsanzo chatsopano ndi injini yakumbuyo - Skoda 1000 MB (kuchokera ku Mlada Boleslav, ngakhale в Mu nthano zamagalimoto zaku Bulgaria, amadziwikanso kuti "Azungu 1000". Koma kumbuyo injini ndi siteshoni ngolo si osakaniza zabwino kwambiri, kotero kupanga akale Skoda Octavia Combi anapitiriza mpaka 70s oyambirira.