Webusaiti 3.0 kachiwiri, koma kachiwiri mwanjira ina. Unyolo kutimasula
Lingaliro la Web 2.0 litangoyamba kufalikira, mu theka lachiwiri la zaka khumi zoyambirira zazaka za zana la 1, lingaliro la mtundu wachitatu wa intaneti (3.0), womwe umamveka panthawiyo ngati "semantic web", idawonekera. nthawi yomweyo. Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, gulu la troika labwereranso m'mbiri ngati zopanda pake, koma nthawi ino Web XNUMX imamveka mosiyana.
Tanthauzo latsopano la lingaliro ili limaperekedwa ndi woyambitsa wa Polkadot blockchain infrastructure ndi co-author. cryptocurrency Ethereum, Gavin Wood. Popeza ndikosavuta kuganiza kuti ndi ndani amene adayambitsa mtundu watsopano Webusaiti ya 3.0 nthawi ino iyenera kukhala ndi chochita ndi blockchain ndi cryptocurrencies. Wood mwiniyo akufotokoza maukonde atsopanowo ngati otseguka komanso otetezeka. Webusaiti ya 3.0 sichidzayendetsedwa pakati ndi maboma ochepa komanso, monga momwe zikuchulukira kuchitidwa, ndi Big Tech monopolies, koma ndi gulu la intaneti la demokalase komanso lodzilamulira lokha.
"Masiku ano, intaneti ikuchulukirachulukira zokhudzana ndi zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito amagwiritsa ntchito," akutero Wood mu podcast. Webusaiti Yachitatu idajambulidwa mu 2019. Lero, akuti, zoyambira za Silicon Valley zimathandizidwa ndi kuthekera kwawo kusonkhanitsa deta bwino. Pa nsanja zina, pafupifupi chilichonse chogwiritsa ntchito chimalowetsedwa. "Izi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazotsatsa zomwe mukufuna, koma zomwe zalembedwazo zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pazinthu zina," akuchenjeza Wood.
"Kulosera maganizo ndi makhalidwe a anthu, kuphatikizapo zotsatira za zisankho." Pamapeto pake, izi zimatsogolera ku ulamuliro waposachedwa, Wood akumaliza.
2. Gavin Wood ndi logo ya Polkadot
M'malo mwake, imapereka intaneti yotseguka, yodziwikiratu, yaulere, komanso yademokalase pomwe omvera amasankha, osati mabungwe akulu.
Kupambana kwakukulu kwa polojekiti yothandizidwa ndi Wood3 Foundation ndi Polkadot (2), bungwe lopanda phindu lokhala ku Switzerland. Polkadot ndi protocol yokhazikitsidwa motengera teknoloji ya blockchain (3) zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zigwirizane ndi blockchain ndi njira zina zosinthira chidziwitso ndi zochitika m'njira yotetezeka kwathunthu. Imagwirizanitsa ma blockchains, onse apagulu ndi achinsinsi, ndi matekinoloje ena. Zapangidwa pazigawo zinayi: blockchain yayikulu yotchedwa Relay Chain, yomwe imagwirizanitsa ma blockchains osiyanasiyana ndikuthandizira kusinthana pakati pawo, ma parachains (ma blockchains osavuta) omwe amapanga maukonde a Polkadot, ma para-mitsinje kapena ma parachain amalipiritsa, ndipo pamapeto pake. "milatho". , i.e. zolumikizira za blockchains odziyimira pawokha.
Polkadot network ikufuna kupititsa patsogolo kugwirizanitsa, kuonjezera scalability, ndi kupititsa patsogolo chitetezo cha blockchains. Pasanathe chaka chimodzi, Polkadot idakhazikitsa mapulogalamu opitilira 350.
3. Kuyimira chitsanzo cha teknoloji ya blockchain
Polkadot main blockchain relay dera. Imalumikiza ma parachain osiyanasiyana ndikuthandizira kusinthanitsa kwa data, katundu, ndi zochitika. Maunyolo achindunji a ma parachain amayendera limodzi ndi blockchain yayikulu ya Polkadot kapena relay chain. Zitha kukhala zosiyana kwambiri ndi wina ndi mzake mu kapangidwe kake, kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake, ndi zina zotero.
Malingana ndi Wood, dongosololi likhoza kusamutsidwa ku intaneti yomwe imamveka bwino kuposa kungoyang'anira cryptocurrency. Intaneti ikubwera, momwe ogwiritsa ntchito payekha komanso palimodzi ali ndi mphamvu zonse zomwe zimachitika padongosolo.
Kuchokera pamasamba osavuta kuwerenga mpaka "tokenomics"
Webusaiti ya 1.0 chinali kukhazikitsa koyamba pa intaneti. Monga zikuyembekezeredwa, idakhala kuyambira 1989 mpaka 2005. Mtunduwu ukhoza kutanthauzidwa ngati maukonde olumikizirana zidziwitso. Malinga ndi mlengi wa Webusaiti Yadziko Lonse, a Tim Berners-Lee, adawerengedwa kokha panthawiyo.
Izi zinapereka kuyanjana kochepa, komwe zambiri zitha kusinthanitsa pamodzikoma sizinali zenizeni. Pamalo azidziwitso, zinthu zomwe zimakonda zimatchedwa Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI; URI). Chilichonse chinali chokhazikika. Simunathe kuwerenganso chilichonse. Inali chitsanzo cha library.
Internet m'badwo wachiwiri, wotchedwa Webusaiti ya 2.0, idafotokozedwa koyamba ndi Dale Dougherty mu 2004 ngati werengani-lembani network. Masamba a Webusaiti ya 2.0 amalola kusonkhana ndi kuyang'anira magulu okonda zapadziko lonse lapansi, ndipo sing'anga imapereka mwayi wolumikizana ndi anthu.
Webusaiti ya 2.0 ndikusintha kwamabizinesi mumakampani apakompyuta komwe kudabwera chifukwa chosinthira pa intaneti ngati nsanja. Panthawiyi, ogwiritsa ntchito adayamba kupanga zomwe zili pamapulatifomu monga YouTube, Facebook, ndi zina. Mtundu uwu wa intaneti unali wapagulu komanso wogwirizana, koma nthawi zambiri umayenera kulipira. Choyipa cha intaneti yolumikizana iyi, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa ndikuchedwa pang'ono, ndikuti popanga zinthu, ogwiritsa ntchito adagawananso zambiri ndi zidziwitso zaumwini ndi makampani omwe amawongolera nsanja.
Nthawi yomweyo kuti Web 2.0 ikupanga mawonekedwe, zolosera za Webusaiti ya 3.0. Zaka zingapo zapitazo ankakhulupirira kuti izi zikanakhala zotchedwa. . Mafotokozedwe, omwe adasindikizidwa cha m'ma 2008, adawonetsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mapulogalamu anzeru komanso anzeru omwe angafufuze zambiri zogwirizana ndi ife, bwino kwambiri kuposa njira zodziwikiratu zomwe zanenedwa kale.
Webusaiti ya 3.0 amayenera kukhala m'badwo wachitatu wa mautumiki apa intaneti, masamba ndi mapulogalamu ogwiritsidwa ntchito makina kuphunzira i kumvetsetsa kwa data. Cholinga chachikulu cha Web 3.0, monga momwe tawonera mu theka lachiwiri la XNUMXs, chinali kupanga mawebusayiti anzeru, olumikizana komanso otseguka. Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, zikuwoneka kuti zolingazi zakhala zikuchitika ndipo zikukwaniritsidwa, ngakhale kuti mawu oti "semantic web" sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri.
Kutanthauzira kwamakono kwa intaneti yachitatu ya intaneti yochokera ku Ethereum sikutsutsana kwenikweni ndi maulosi akale a intaneti ya semantic, koma kumatsindika chinthu china, chinsinsi, chitetezo ndi demokalase.
Zatsopano zazikulu zazaka khumi zapitazi ndikupanga nsanja zomwe sizimayendetsedwa ndi bungwe lililonse, koma zomwe aliyense angakhulupirire. Izi zili choncho chifukwa aliyense wogwiritsa ntchito maukondewa ayenera kutsatira malamulo okhwima omwe amadziwika kuti ma protocol ogwirizana. Chatsopano chachiwiri ndikuti maukondewa amalola kusamutsa mtengo kapena ndalama pakati pa akaunti. Zinthu ziwirizi - kugawa mayiko ndi ndalama zapaintaneti - ndi makiyi a kumvetsetsa kwamakono kwa Web 3.0.
Opanga ma network a cryptocurrencymwina si onse, koma otchulidwa ngati Gavin Woodiwo ankadziwa chimene ntchito yawo inali. Imodzi mwamalaibulale otchuka kwambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito polemba Ethereum code ndi web3.js.
Kuphatikiza pa kuyang'ana pa chitetezo cha deta, njira yatsopano ya Web 3.0 ili ndi ndalama, chuma cha intaneti yatsopano. Ndalama mu netiweki yatsopanoM'malo modalira nsanja zachikhalidwe zachuma zomwe zimamangidwa ku maboma ndi malire, zimayendetsedwa momasuka ndi eni ake, padziko lonse lapansi komanso osayendetsedwa. Izi zikutanthauzanso kuti zizindikiro i kryptowaluty angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga mitundu yatsopano yamabizinesi ndi chuma cha intaneti.
Mochulukira, njira iyi imatchedwa tokenomics. Chitsanzo choyambirira koma chocheperako ndi njira yotsatsira malonda pa intaneti yomwe sidalira kwenikweni kugulitsa deta kwa otsatsa, koma imadalira kupindulitsa ogwiritsa ntchito ndi chizindikiro chowonera zotsatsa. Mtundu uwu wa pulogalamu ya Web 3.0 imapangidwa m'malo osatsegula a Brave komanso dongosolo lazachuma la Basic Attention Token (BAT).
Kuti Webusaiti ya 3.0 ikhale yeniyeni pamapulogalamuwa ndi mapulogalamu ena aliwonse omwe amachokera, anthu ambiri amafunika kuwagwiritsa ntchito. Kuti izi zitheke, mapulogalamuwa ayenera kukhala omveka bwino, omveka bwino kwa anthu omwe sali pagulu la mapulogalamu. Pakalipano, sitinganene kuti ma tokenomics amamveka kuchokera kumagulu a anthu.
"Bambo wa WWW" wotchulidwa mwachidwi Tim Berners-Lee, kamodzi adazindikira kuti Web 3.0 ndi mtundu wobwerera ku Web 1.0. Chifukwa kuti musindikize chinachake, ikani chinachake, chitani chinachake, simukusowa chilolezo kuchokera ku "ulamuliro wapakati", palibe node yolamulira, palibe malo amodzi owonera ndipo ... palibe kusintha.
Pali vuto limodzi lokha ndi demokalase yatsopano, yaulere, yosalamulirika ya Web 3.0. Pakalipano, mabwalo ochepa okha ndi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ndipo akufuna kuzigwiritsa ntchito. Ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri akuwoneka kuti akusangalala ndi Webusaiti ya 2.0 yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito popeza tsopano yabweretsedwa paukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri.
