Kodi injini yoyaka mkati imalemera bwanji m'galimoto ndipo ndi 300 kg ya mabatire ochulukirapo? [TIMAKHULUPIRIRA]

Posachedwapa, tamva maganizo akuti magalimoto oyaka mkati kapena ma plug-in hybrids amagwiritsira ntchito mphamvu bwino chifukwa "injini zimalemera makilogalamu 100, ndipo batri m'galimoto yamagetsi ndi 300 kg." Mwanjira ina: sizikupanga nzeru kunyamula batire yayikulu, yabwino ndikuyika mu plug-in hybrid. Ichi ndichifukwa chake tinaganiza zowunika kuchuluka kwa injini yoyaka mkati ndikuwerengera ngati kulemera kwa batire kulidi vuto.

Zamkatimu

• Kulemera kwa injini yoyaka mkati motsutsana ndi kulemera kwa batri
  • Kodi injini yoyaka mkati imalemera bwanji?
    • Mwina bwino mu pulagi-mu hybrids? Nanga bwanji Chevrolet Volt / Opel Ampera?
    • Nanga bwanji njira yaying'ono ngati BMW i3 REx?

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi kuyankha funso lomwe lingawoneke bwino: chifukwa chiyani tikuganizira za batri yokha, ngati galimoto yamagetsi imakhalanso ndi inverter kapena injini? Timayankha: choyamba, chifukwa chinapangidwa motere 🙂 Komanso chifukwa batri imapanga gawo lalikulu la misa ya galimoto yonse yamagetsi.

Tsopano nambala: batire ya Renault Zoe ZE 40 yokhala ndi mphamvu ya 41 kWh imalemera ma kilogalamu 300 (gwero). Nissan Leaf ndi ofanana kwambiri. Pafupifupi 60-65 peresenti ya kulemera kwa mapangidwe awa amapangidwa ndi maselo, kotero ife tikhoza mwina 1) kuwonjezera kachulukidwe awo (ndi mphamvu ya batri) ndi kuwonjezeka pang'ono kulemera, kapena 2) kukhalabe ndi mphamvu inayake ndikuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono kulemera. cha batri. batire. Zikuwoneka kwa ife kuti magalimoto a Renault Zoe mpaka 50 kWh aziyenda pa track 1 kenako pa track 2.

Mulimonsemo, lero batire 300 kilogalamu akhoza kuyendetsa makilomita 220-270 mu mode wosanganiza. Osati pang'ono, koma maulendo opita ku Poland ayenera kukonzekera kale.

> Galimoto yamagetsi ndikuyenda ndi ana - Renault Zoe ku Poland [IMPRESSIONS, mayeso osiyanasiyana]

Kodi injini yoyaka mkati imalemera bwanji?

Renault Zoe ndi galimoto ya gawo la B, choncho ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito injini yagalimoto yofanana. Chitsanzo chabwino apa ndi injini za TSI za Volkswagen, zomwe wopanga adadzitamandira za kapangidwe kake kocheperako komanso kopepuka kwambiri. Ndipo ndithudi: 1.2 TSI akulemera makilogalamu 96, 1.4 TSI - 106 makilogalamu (gwero, EA211). Choncho, tikhoza kuganiza kuti injini yaing'ono yoyaka mkati imalemera pafupifupi 100 kg.... Izi ndizochepera katatu kuposa batire.

Kungoti ichi ndi chiyambi chabe cha kulemera, chifukwa pa kulemera kumeneku muyenera kuwonjezera:

• mafuta opangira mafuta, chifukwa injini nthawi zonse zimayesedwa zowuma - ma kilogalamu angapo,
• Utsi dongosolochifukwa popanda iwo simungathe kusuntha - ma kilogalamu ochepa,
• radiator yoziziram, chifukwa injini yoyaka mkati nthawi zonse imasintha mphamvu yopitilira theka la mafuta kukhala kutentha - khumi ndi awiri + kilogalamu,
• tanki yamafuta yokhala ndi mafuta ndi pampuchifukwa popanda iwo galimoto sangapite - makumi angapo kilogalamu (kugwa pamene akuyendetsa galimoto),
• gearbox yokhala ndi clutch ndi mafutaChifukwa lero magalimoto amagetsi okha ali ndi gear imodzi - makumi angapo a kilogalamu.

Zolemera sizolondola chifukwa ndizosavuta kuzipeza. Komabe, inu mukhoza kuwona izo injini yonse yoyaka imalowa mosavuta ma kilogalamu 200 ndikuyandikira ma kilogalamu 250... Kusiyana kwa kulemera pakati pa injini yoyaka mkati ndi batri poyerekeza ndi 60-70 kg (20-23 peresenti ya kulemera kwa batri), zomwe sizili choncho. Tikuyembekeza kuti awonongedweratu zaka 2-3 zikubwerazi.

Mwina bwino mu pulagi-mu hybrids? Nanga bwanji Chevrolet Volt / Opel Ampera?

Volt / Amp ndi chitsanzo choipa kwambiri komanso chosasangalatsa kwa iwo omwe amaganiza kuti "ndi bwino kunyamula injini yoyaka mkati mwanu kuposa batire ya 300 kg". Chifukwa chiyani? Inde, injini yoyaka mkati mwa galimotoyo ikulemera makilogalamu 100, koma kufalitsa m'matembenuzidwe oyambirira kunali kulemera kwa makilogalamu 167, ndi chitsanzo cha 2016 - "okha" 122 kilogalamu (gwero). Kulemera kwake ndi chifukwa chakuti ndi chitsanzo chochititsa chidwi cha zamakono zamakono zomwe zimagwirizanitsa njira zingapo zogwirira ntchito m'nyumba imodzi, kulumikiza injini yoyaka mkati ndi magetsi m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Timawonjezeranso kuti ma gearbox ambiri akanakhala ochulukirapo ngati galimoto ilibe injini yoyaka mkati.

Pambuyo powonjezera makina otulutsa mpweya, chozizira chamadzimadzi ndi thanki yamafuta, titha kufikira ma kilogalamu 300 mosavuta. Ndi kufalikira kwatsopano, chifukwa ndi yakaleyo tidzalumpha malire awa ndi ma kilogalamu angapo.

> Chevrolet Volt yasiya kuperekedwa. Chevrolet Cruze ndi Cadillac CT6 nawonso atha

Nanga bwanji njira yaying'ono ngati BMW i3 REx?

M'malo mwake, BMW i3 REx ndi chitsanzo chosangalatsa: injini yoyaka mkati mwagalimoto imagwira ntchito ngati jenereta yamagetsi. Ilibe luso loyendetsa mawilo, kotero kuti bokosi la gear la Volt lovuta komanso lolemera silikufunika pano. Injini ili ndi mphamvu ya 650 cc.³ Chithunzi cha W20K06U0. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti amapangidwa ndi Taiwanese Kymco..

Injini yoyatsira ya BMW i3 REx ili kumanzere kwa bokosilo ndi zingwe za lalanje zolumikizidwa. Kumbuyo kwa bokosi pali chotchinga chozungulira. Pansi pa chithunzichi mutha kuwona batire yokhala ndi ma cell (c) ochokera ku BMW.

N'zovuta kupeza kulemera kwake pa intaneti, koma, mwamwayi, pali njira yosavuta: ingoyerekezerani kulemera kwa BMW i3 REx ndi i3, zomwe zimasiyana ndi jenereta yamphamvu yoyaka. Kodi pali kusiyana kotani? 138 kilograms (deta yamakono apa). Pankhaniyi, pali kale mafuta mu injini ndi mafuta mu thanki. Ndi bwino kunyamula injini yoteroyo, kapena batire 138 kilogalamu? Nayi mfundo zofunika:

• munjira yopititsira patsogolo batire, injini yoyaka mkati imapanga phokoso, kotero palibe chete kwa wogwiritsa ntchito magetsi (koma kuposa 80-90 km / h kusiyana sikukuwonekeranso),
• mumayendedwe a pafupifupi kutulutsidwa kwa batire, mphamvu ya injini yoyaka mkati siyikwanira kuyendetsa bwino; galimoto nkomwe Imathandizira pamwamba 60 Km / h ndipo akhoza kuchedwetsa pa descents (!),
• nawonso, kuti 138 makilogalamu a injini kuyaka mkati akhoza theoretically * kusinthanitsa 15-20 kWh batire (19 kWh wa Renault Zoe batire tafotokozazi), zomwe zingakhale zokwanira kuyendetsa wina 100-130 Km.

BMW i3 yamagetsi (2019) ili ndi ma kilomita pafupifupi 233. Ngati kuchuluka kowonjezera kwa injini yamoto ya BMW i3 REx (2019) itagwiritsidwa ntchito, galimotoyo imatha kuyenda makilomita 330-360 pamtengo umodzi.

Kusankha mabatire. Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu m'maselo kumawonjezeka nthawi zonse, koma kuti apitirize ntchitoyo payenera kukhala anthu okonzeka kulipira magawo a kusintha.

> Kodi kuchuluka kwa batire kwasintha bwanji m'zaka zapitazi ndipo sitinapite patsogolo m'derali? [TIDZAYANKHA]

*) Batire ya BMW i3 imadzaza pafupifupi chassis yonse yagalimoto. Ukadaulo wamakono wopanga ma cell samalola kudzaza malo otsala kuchokera ku injini yoyaka mkati ndi batire yokhala ndi mphamvu ya 15-20 kWh, chifukwa sikokwanira. Komabe, kuchuluka kowonjezeraku kumatha kuthetsedwa bwino chaka ndi chaka pogwiritsa ntchito ma cell omwe ali ndi mphamvu zochulukirapo. Zinachitika m'mibadwo (2017) ndi (2019).

Chithunzi chotsegulira: Audi A3 e-tron, hybrid plug-in yokhala ndi injini yoyaka, mota yamagetsi ndi mabatire.

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