Yogwira ntchito yoyendetsa AFS

AFS (Active Front Steering) ndi njira yowongolera, yomwe kwenikweni ndi njira yoyendetsera bwino kwambiri. Cholinga chachikulu cha AFS ndikugawa mphamvu moyenera pakati pazinthu zonse zoyendetsa, ndipo cholinga chake chachikulu ndikuthandizira kuyendetsa bwino kwama liwiro osiyanasiyana. Woyendetsa, pamaso pa chiwongolero chogwira ntchito mgalimoto, amalandila chitonthozo chowonjezeka ndikudzidalira poyendetsa. Ganizirani momwe ntchito imagwirira ntchito, chipangizo cha AFS, ndi kusiyana kwake ndi kayendedwe kabwino.

Momwe ntchito

Chiwongolero yogwira ndi adamulowetsa pamene injini anayamba. Njira zogwirira ntchito za AFS zimadalira liwiro lagalimoto pano, chiwongolero ndi mtundu wamisewu. Chifukwa chake, dongosololi limatha kusintha bwino magwiridwe antchito (kuyesetsa kuchokera pa chiwongolero) pamakina oyendetsa, kutengera momwe galimoto ikuyendera.

Galimoto ikayamba kuyenda, mota wamagetsi imatsegulidwa. Imayamba kugwira ntchito pambuyo pa chizindikiritso kuchokera pa sensa yoyendetsa. Magalimoto amagetsi, pogwiritsa ntchito mbozi, amayamba kutembenuza zida zakunja kwa mapulaneti. Ntchito yayikulu yamagalimoto akunja ndikusintha magawanidwe a zida. Pa liwiro lalikulu la kusinthasintha kwa zida, limafika pamtengo wotsikitsitsa (1:10). Zonsezi zimathandiza kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha mawilo chiongolero ndi kuonjezera chitonthozo pamene akuyenda pa liwiro otsika.

Kuwonjezeka kwa liwiro lagalimoto kumatsagana ndi kuchepa kwa liwiro la kasinthasintha wamagalimoto amagetsi. Chifukwa cha ichi, chiŵerengero cha zida chimakwera pang'onopang'ono (molingana ndi kuwonjezeka kwa liwiro loyendetsa). Galimoto yamagetsi imasiya kuzungulira pa liwiro la 180-200 km / h, pomwe mphamvu kuchokera pagudumu limayamba kutumizidwa molunjika ku chiwongolero, ndipo magawano azida amakhala ofanana ndi 1:18.

Ngati liwiro lagalimoto likupitilira kuwonjezeka, mota yamagetsi iyambiranso, koma pakadali pano iyamba kuzungulira mbali inayo. Poterepa, kufunika kwa chiŵerengero cha zida kumatha kufikira 1:20. Chiongolero chimakhala chakuthwa pang'ono, kusintha kwake kumawonjezeka mpaka pamalo okwera, komwe kumatsimikizira kuyendetsa bwino kwambiri.

AFS imathandizanso kukhazika galimoto pomwe chitsulo chakumbuyo chimatayika ndipo ikamagwa pamiyendo poterera. Kukhazikika kwamagalimoto kumayendetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito Dynamic Stability Control (DSC). AFS imakonza kayendetsedwe ka mawilo akutsogolo pambuyo poti masensa ake atha kuzindikira.

Chinthu china cha Active Steering ndikuti sichingalephereke. Njirayi imagwira ntchito mosalekeza.

Chipangizo ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu

Zigawo zazikulu za AFS:

• Chowongolera ndi zida zamagetsi ndi magetsi. Zida zapulaneti zimasintha liwiro la shaft. Njirayi imakhala ndi korona (epicyclic) ndi zida zadzuwa, komanso ma satellite ndi chonyamulira. Bokosi lamagetsi lamapulaneti lili pa shaft. Galimoto yamagetsi imazungulira mphetezo kudzera pamavuto. Gudumu lamaguduli likazungulira, kuchuluka kwa zida zimayendera kumasintha.
• Masensa olowetsera. Iyenera kuyeza magawo osiyanasiyana. Pa ntchito ya AFS, zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: sensa yoyendetsa mawilo, magudumu amagetsi oyendetsa magetsi, masensa okhazikika okhazikika, masensa owongolera oyenda. Chojambulira chomaliza chikhoza kusowa, ndipo mbaliyo imawerengedwa potengera ma siginolo ochokera kumasensa otsala.
• Zamagetsi zamagetsi (ECU). Imalandira ma sign kuchokera kuma sensa onse. Chombocho chimayendetsa chizindikirocho, kenako chimatumiza malamulo kuzida zoyang'anira. ECU imagwiranso ntchito mwadongosolo ndi machitidwe awa: Servotronic electro-hydraulic power steering, engine management system, DSC, mota access system.
• Mangani ndodo ndi nsonga.
• Chiongolero.

Ubwino ndi kuipa

Dongosolo la AFS lili ndi maubwino osatsutsika kwa dalaivala: limakulitsa chitetezo ndi chitonthozo poyendetsa. AFS ndi makina amagetsi omwe amakonda kwambiri ma hydraulic chifukwa cha izi:

• kufalitsa molondola kwa zoyendetsa;
• kudalirika kwakukulu chifukwa cha magawo ochepa;
• mkulu ntchito;
• kulemera kopepuka.

Panalibe zoperewera zazikulu mu AFS (kupatula mtengo wake). Kuwongolera mwachangu sikuwonongeka kwenikweni. Ngati mungakwanitse kuwononga kudzaza kwamagetsi, ndiye kuti simungathe kuyikonza nokha - muyenera kutenga galimotoyo ndi AFS.

Ntchito

Active Front Steering ndi chitukuko chamakampani a BMW aku Germany. Pakadali pano, AFS imayikidwa ngati njira pagalimoto zambiri zamtunduwu. Kuyendetsa mwachangu kudayikidwa koyamba pamagalimoto a BMW mu 2003.

Kusankha galimoto yokhala ndi chiwongolero chogwira ntchito, wokonda galimotoyo amalandira chitonthozo ndi chitetezo poyendetsa, komanso kuwongolera kosavuta. Kudalirika kochulukirapo kwa Active Front Steering system kumathandizira kuti ntchito yayitali, yopanda mavuto. AFS ndi njira yomwe siyenera kunyalanyazidwa pogula galimoto yatsopano.