Mayeso oyendetsa lada odziwika kuchokera ku USSR VFTS

Izi "Zhiguli" zidamenyedwa kwambiri kumadzulo komanso loto losatheka ku USSR, ndipo lero amalimbikitsa mibadwo yatsopano yama racers. Timafotokozera nkhani ya VFTS ndikuyesa galimotoyo, yodziwika ndi Stasis Brundza mwiniwake

Mosiyana ndi malingaliro onse, Togliatti "zapamwamba" sizikuwola mu kukula kwa dziko lawo lankhanza, koma zikuyambiranso. Chaka chilichonse magalimoto ochulukirapo okhala ndi matupi ochiritsidwa komanso olimbikitsidwa, ma injini okakamizidwa, chassis chosinthidwa, utoto wankhondo komanso anthu osangalala kwambiri oyendetsa gudumu amawonekera m'misewu. Gulu lowona zamasewera limapangidwa mozungulira mtunduwo, womwe nthawi zonse wakhala wotsutsana ndi kuthamanga ndi kusamalira.

Pali zifukwa zomveka zokwanira za izi. Kutengera kwa chibadidwe, kapangidwe kophweka kamene kamadziwika ndi mtima - ndipo, zowonadi, mitengo yamtengo wa magalimoto onse iwowo komanso zida zina zopumira. Okonda pakali pano a "classic class" nawonso amatengeka ndi maloto - mwina awo, kapena cholowa kuchokera kwa makolo awo. Maloto omanga ozizira "Zhiguli" omwewo monga Lada VFTS yopeka komanso yosatheka.

 

Kukonzekera uku tsopano kungapezeke kwa aliyense, ndipo maphikidwe otsimikiziridwa ndi othandiza amafufuzidwa pa intaneti mumphindi zisanu. Koma chapakatikati pa zaka za m'ma 1980, "maluwa" pachitsulo chofalitsira, ma capu osisita pamipando ndi zingwe za "antistatic" zopachikidwa ku phula zinali pafupifupi malire osintha kwa oyendetsa galimoto wamba. Zida? Zili bwino ngati zikanangothandiza.

Tsopano talingalirani momwe VFTS imawonekera motsutsana ndi izi. Thupi lalitali la masewera, mphamvu zopitilira 160 zochokera ku injini yowoneka bwino - ndi masekondi ochepera asanu ndi atatu mpaka zana! Ngakhale kusintha chifukwa chakuti inali masewera omenyera nkhondo, zonsezi zimawoneka zosangalatsa. Ngakhale sizinali mgalimoto zothamanga kwambiri za Zhiguli, koma panali njira yochenjera kwambiri pazinthu zazing'ono kwambiri.

Uwu ndiye chikhalidwe chonse cha Mlengi wa VFTS, Stasis Brundza wodziwika bwino waku Lithuania. Kuphatikiza pa kuthamanga kwachilengedwe kopanda malire, nthawi zonse anali kusiyanitsidwa ndi maphunziro, kuwerengera ma aerobatics: ma drifting ochepa, magwiridwe antchito apamwamba ndi ntchito yolingalira ndi cholembedwa. Zotsatira zake ndi maudindo khumi ampikisano wa masewera a USSR ndi mphotho zingapo pamipikisano yapadziko lonse lapansi. Ndipo kunja kwa misewu yampikisano, Stasis adakhalanso munthu wowoneka bwino kwambiri yemwe ali ndi bizinesi yambiri.

Atapereka zaka zingapo zoyambirira pantchito yake ku Izhevsk Automobile Plant ndikukhala ndi mwayi wopambana ku Izha ndi Moskvich, Brundza anali m'modzi mwa oyamba kuzindikira kuti akuyamba kutha pang'onopang'ono, ndipo tsogolo ndi la Zhiguli watsopano. Komanso - kuti simuyenera kudalira akatswiri amafakitole: ngati mukufuna kuchita bwino, chitani nokha.

Lithuanian lotchedwa kubwerera kwawo, komwe, pamaziko a makina okonzera magalimoto ku Vilnius, amapanga malo ochezera ang'onoang'ono pokonzekera zida zamisonkhano. Zipangizo zamakono, akatswiri oyenerera kwambiri komanso ntchito yolondola kwambiri pazonse - izi ndizomwe zimakhala chinsinsi chopambana. Mu theka lachiwiri la ma 1970, gulu lankhondo "kopecks" lokonzedwa ndi Brundza lidayamba kutolera zokolola zochuluka ndikusanduka gulu lalikulu lankhondo la Soviet.

Kukula ukukulira: kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1980, Brundza kale imagwiritsa ntchito anthu 50, ndipo msonkhanowu umasanduka bizinesi yayikulu, yomwe imalandira dzina loti VFTS - Vilnius Vehicle Factory. Nthawi ikafika yoti musinthe kuchoka ku "kopecks" kupita ku "fives" zatsopano, Stasis aganiza zotenga zonse zomwe akumana nazo ndikupita kosweka.

"Zhiguli" zatsopano zimasinthidwa molingana ndi zofunikira zapadziko lonse lapansi za "Gulu B" lotchuka - palibe zoletsa zosintha pamenepo. Crazy Audi Sport Quattro, Lancia Delta S4, Peugeot 205 T16 ndi zinyama zina za turbo zokhala ndi mphamvu yochepera mahatchi 600 zidatuluka pomwepo, ngakhale Lada VFTS, inde, anali wowoneka bwino kwambiri. Kapangidwe ka injini yakutsogolo, yoyendetsa kumbuyo m'malo modzaza - ndipo mulibe ma turbines: injini idakhalabe yolakalaka mwachilengedwe ndikusunga voliyumu ya "cubes" 1600.

Koma idakonzedwa mwandondomeko yazodzikongoletsera, zomwe zoyendetsa za AvtoVAZ sizingatheke. Zida zamagetsi zidasankhidwa mosamala, zopukutidwa, zoyeserera komanso zopukutidwa. Crankshaft ndi camshafts zidamangidwanso, zomangira ndodo zolumikizira, mavavu adapangidwa ndi aloyi titaniyamu, maginito opanikizika adakwera kuchokera muyezo 8,8 mpaka 11,5 - ndipo chinthu chonsecho chidayendetsedwa ndi mapasa amphamvu a Weber 45-DCOE. M'malo mwake, padalibe chinthu chimodzi mgalimoto yonse chomwe sichidakhudzidwe ndi amisiri a Vilnius. Mfundo yofunika? Oposa mahatchi 160 pafakitale 69!

Zachidziwikire, zida zotsalazo zidasinthidwanso. VFTS inali ndi kuyimitsidwa kolimbikitsidwa ndi ma geometry osiyana, cholumikizira cham'mbuyo cham'mbuyo cham'mbuyo cham'mbuyo cham'mbuyo cham'mbuyo komanso masewera othamangitsira masewera omwe ali ndi 4-2-1 - imayenera kupanga ngalande ina pansi pansi pa thirakiti la utsi, lomwe idathamanga mofanana ndi kufalitsa. Ndipo magalimoto amtsogolo adadzitama ndi chiwongolero chofupikitsa, bokosi lamiyendo yama cam othamanga asanu m'malo mwa bokosi lamagiya othamanga anayi, komanso magalasi amtundu wa aluminium. Mwachidule, awa anali a Zhigulis ozizira kwambiri m'mbiri - ndipo m'modzi mwamasewera opambana kwambiri ku USSR. Zinafika poti gulu la fakitale ya AvtoVAZ linasiya kuyesa kupanga mtundu wawo wamisonkhano "isanu" ndikusamukira ku ubongo wa Brundza.

Kuphatikiza apo, VFTS idakhala loto losatheka ngakhale kwa othamanga aku Soviet okha. Magalimoto awa amayendetsedwa ndi ma racers osankhidwa, abwino kwambiri, ndipo enawo analibe okwanira. Chowonadi ndi chakuti masewera "Zhiguli" amakondedwa ndi oyendetsa ndege aku Western - Ajeremani, Norwegians, Sweden ndi makamaka ku Hungary. Galimoto yofulumira, yosavuta, yomvera imawononga pafupifupi madola 20 - khobidi malinga ndiukadaulo waukadaulo. Ndipo bungwe la Soviet "Autoexport" mokondwera linapereka VFTS kunja, kukopa ndalama zakunja kudzikolo.

Zowona, Kumadzulo sanayime pamwambo ndi "zozizwitsa". Zotsatira zake, palibe makope apachiyambi omwe atsala. Galimoto yokhayo yokwanira kwathunthu ili mnyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale ya Stasis Brundza, ndipo mitundu ina yotsala ingathe kuzindikirika ndi chikwangwani cholembedwera: china chilichonse chatopetsedwa ndi wolumikizana ndi autocross, chosinthidwa nthawi chikwi ndipo chiri mu zachisoni kwambiri.

Mosiyana ndi mbiri ya VFTS. Idapulumuka kugwa kwa Soviet Union, yamavuto a 1990s ndipo idaphukanso mchaka cha XNUMXst. Masiku ano, okonda kupanga magalimoto ochulukirapo omwe nthawi zambiri amatengera mawonekedwe a magalimoto a Vilnius - zowonjezera "zolimbitsa thupi", chowonongekera pamtengo, livery retro ... Zowona, njirayi nthawi zambiri imakhala yosiyana kwambiri: mwachitsanzo, bwanji kupusitsa kuzungulira ndi valavu yakale eyiti, ngati mungathe kukhazikitsa "shesnar" yamakono komanso yosavuta? Magalimotowa salinso ofanana ndi VFTS, koma ulemu, ulemu kwa kalembedwe ndi mzimu.

Koma zomwe mumawona pazithunzizi zidamangidwa molingana ndi zoyambirira - malinga ndi zomwe adalemba ku FIA mu 1982. Zachidziwikire, pali ufulu wocheperako, koma sizipangitsa kuti Zhiguli izi zitsimikizike kwenikweni. Simukundikhulupirira? Ndiye pali mfundo imodzi kwa inu: galimotoyo idawunikidwa panokha, kuzindikira ndi kusainidwa ndi Stasis Brundza iyemwini.

Kuphatikiza apo, "zisanu" zabuluu za 1984 sizimawoneka ngati zosintha konse. Zodzikongoletsera zaubweya watsitsi pazinthu zotulutsa utsi ndi zoyimitsa, zowotcha komanso m'malo osweka utoto, zingerere zotayika - zonsezi sizopindika, koma mbiri yakale yolondola ya patina, ngati kuti galimotoyo idapulumukiradi zaka zomwezo. Ndipo injini yake ikakhala ndi moyo, kutsokomola mopanda tanthauzo "mosagwira", ndimakhala ndi chidwi chapadera.

M'nyengo yozizira, ma carburetors awiri omwewo adachotsedwa pano ndipo imodzi idayikidwanso - komanso Weber, koma yosavuta. Mphamvu zoyesedwa poyimilira zatsika kuchokera ku 163 mpaka 135 mphamvu yamahatchi, koma iyi si nkhani yayikulu: pali zambiri zokwanira ayezi ndi chisanu. Koma kusinthasintha pakapangidwe kameneka, monga opanga amapangira, ndikokwera kwambiri - kupangitsa kuti galimoto iziyenda mosavuta poyenda.

Koma ngakhale zili choncho, moyo wapansi kulibe. Muyenera kuyamba ndi podgazovka, ndipo ngati mungayime kwambiri, VFTS ili pafupi kukhazikika - muyenera kufinya zowalamulira ndikukwezanso ma revs. Koma galimotoyo ikangotembenuka, nyimbo yeniyeni yachisangalalo ndi kuthamanga imayamba.

Opepuka - ochepera tani - galimoto imathamanga kwambiri ikamatuluka utsi, ndipo pafupi ndi malire a 7000 rpm, kubangula kwamphamvu kumamveka pansi pa nyumbayo, yolumikizidwa ndi chitsulo. Kusintha kwa nyengo yozizira ndi akasupe ofewa ndi zoyamwa zimayendetsa bwino zovuta za mabwalo a Moscow Region rally - ngakhale pamalo ovuta, "asanu" amalumikizana kwathunthu ndi nthaka, ndipo amatera bwino kuchokera pazomangira: zotanuka, zosalala komanso zopanda kuphulika kwachiwiri.

Ngakhale chiwongolero chonse, galimotoyi ndiyosavuta kuyendetsa, ndikuwonjezeka kwambiri pazitsulo zakutsogolo ndi kulumikizana komwe kumathandizira. Chiongolero sichiyenera kupindika mwamphamvu - ndikwanira kuyika galimoto pakhomo (ndi mabuleki, kusunthira kwina, zilizonse), kenako zimangoyang'ana palokha, osafunikira kusintha kulikonse . Inde, ma angles amakhala ochepera - koma izi sizomwe zimakokoloka ndi "Krasnoyarsk inversion", koma makina osonkhana omwe amayang'aniridwa makamaka kuti achite bwino.

Koma zimakhala zosangalatsa bwanji, zowona mtima komanso zowona mtima VFTS nthawi yomweyo! Amapeza mwachangu chilankhulo chofananira, mwanjira yake palibe chabodza kapena kusamvetsetsa - kokha kuyera kwa malamulo a fizikiya komanso kuthekera kopezeka pamagalimoto othamanga kuti azitha kuthamanga kwambiri. Ndipo, nditapeza mayendedwe abwino, ndikumvetsetsa chifukwa chake mazana a Apolishi ndi aku Hungary akupikisana nawo Zhiguli ngakhale lero - sizongokhala bajeti yokha, komanso zosangalatsa zausatana.

Ndipo ndizosangalatsa kuti chipembedzo cha VFTS, chomwe chinali nthano chabe kwa oyendetsa galimoto aku Soviet, komanso chenicheni kwa alendo, tsopano chabwerera ku Russia. Kuyendetsa, kusonkhana kapena magalimoto amseu sizofunikira kwenikweni. Ndikofunikira kuti "magulu omenyera nkhondo" akhale otchuka kwambiri.