S-70i Black Hawk - oposa zana ogulitsidwa

Wolandira woyamba wa S-70i Black Hawk wopangidwa ku Mielec anali Unduna wa Zamkatimu waku Saudi Arabia, womwe udalamula makope osachepera atatu a rotorcraft izi.

Mgwirizanowu womwe udasainidwa pa February 22 pakati pa department of National Defense of the Republic of the Philippines ndi Polskie Zakłady Lotniczy Sp. z oo kuchokera ku Mielec, mwini wa Lockheed Martin, ponena za dongosolo la gulu lachiwiri la ma helikoputala amtundu wa S-70i Black Hawk ndi mbiri yakale, kuphatikizapo zifukwa ziwiri. Choyamba, ili ndilo dongosolo lalikulu kwambiri la makina awa, ndipo kachiwiri, limatsimikizira kuti malire a magalimoto zana amtundu uwu opangidwa ku Mielec adutsa.

Pamene Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation panthawiyo idagula 2007% ya magawo a Polskie Zakłady Lotnicze Sp. kudzera ku United Technologies Holdings SA mu 100 kuchokera ku Agencja Rozwoju Przemysłu. z oo ku Mielec, palibe amene amayembekezera kuti kuthekera kwa opanga ndege zazikulu kwambiri ku Poland kukulirakulira posachedwa. Ngakhale kuti panalibe chiyembekezo chochuluka cha akatswiri a msika wa ndege, zinthu zinali zosiyana - kuwonjezera pa kupitiriza kupanga ndege zoyendetsa ndege za M28 Skytruck / Bryza ndi kupanga mapangidwe a fuselage amitundu yambiri ya Sikorsky UH-60M Black Hawk helicopters, mwiniwake watsopanoyo adaganiza. kuti apeze mzere womaliza wa chinthu chatsopano ku Mielec Sikorsky Aircraft Corp. - Helikopita yamitundu yambiri ya S-70i Black Hawk. Mtundu wamalonda wa rotorcraft wankhondo wotchuka umayenera kuyankha zomwe zimayembekezeredwa pamsika, pomwe gulu lalikulu la makasitomala omwe anali atadziwika omwe sanafune kupeza mitundu yakale ya UH-60 yogwiritsidwa ntchito ku US Department of Defense zida zowonjezera kudzera mu Excess. Zolemba za Chitetezo (EDA) kapena zomwe zapangidwa pano ndi pulogalamu ya Foreign Military Sales (FMS). Izi zikutanthauza kuti wopanga "okha" amafunikira kupeza chilolezo chotumizira kunja kuchokera ku boma la US kuti agulitse ma helikopita mwachindunji (kugulitsa mwachindunji malonda, DCS) ku mabungwe, kuphatikizapo anthu wamba, makasitomala. Kuti achite izi, ma avionics komanso zinthu zina zamapangidwe (kuphatikiza kuyendetsa) adayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zoyang'anira (i.e. kutha poyerekeza ndi zomwe zidapangidwa pano zankhondo). Kuyerekeza koyambirira kunawonetsa kuti wopanga akuyembekeza kugulitsa zitsanzo zopitilira 300. Mpaka pano, pazaka khumi za kukhazikitsidwa kwa pulogalamuyi, 30% ya zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa zagulidwa. Pofika kumapeto kwa 2021, Polskie Zakłady Lotnicze anali atapanga ma helikoputala 90 a S-70i. Mayendedwe otsika kwambiri anali chifukwa cha malonda otsika omwe poyamba anali otsika kwambiri kuposa momwe ankayembekezera, koma nthawiyi inagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga luso mu gawo la helikopita. Poyambirira, Mielec rotorcraft idapangidwa mokhazikika ndikutumizidwa ku USA kukayika zida zowonjezera malinga ndi zofunikira za ogwiritsa ntchito. Komabe, kuyambira 2016, zambiri mwa ntchitoyi zachitika kale ku Mielec, zomwe zikuyenera kuwunikira - ndikukula kwa abwenzi aku Poland.

Mtsinje wabwino wa Mielec S-70i unayamba ndi mgwirizano ndi Chile, womwe unaphatikizapo makope asanu ndi limodzi. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti pazochitika za rotorcraft izi, ndondomeko yosonkhanitsa zida zomwe zakhudzidwazo zinachitika kwa nthawi yoyamba ku Poland.

Malamulo oyambirira, akadali ochepa, adalengezedwa mu theka lachiwiri la 2010, pamene kupanga koyamba kwa Mielec kunali kusonkhanitsa. Magalimoto atatu adalamulidwa ndi Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Ngakhale kuti mgwirizanowu unaphatikizaponso mwayi wowonjezera mgwirizano wa ma helicopter ena a 12, palibe chitsimikizo kuti akuluakulu a Riyadh adzapindula ndi izi. Magalimoto, operekedwa mu 2010-2011, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira kutsata malamulo ndi kufufuza ndi kupulumutsa. Kuonjezera apo, kupambana kwachiwiri kwa malonda kunali kophiphiritsira pamene helikopita imodzi inagulitsidwa kwa mabungwe azamalamulo ku Mexico. Only mu 2011 mapangano woyamba analandira kwa kotunga zida kwa asilikali - Brunei analamula 12, ndi Colombia analamula asanu (kenako awiri ena). Dongosolo lachiwiri linali lofunikira makamaka popeza Colombia idakhala kale ndi UH-60 Black Hawks, yoperekedwa ndi oyang'anira US kuyambira 1987. Zomwe ziyenera kutsindika ndikuti, malinga ndi magwero omwe alipo, anali S-70i ya ku Colombia yomwe inagwira ntchito zankhondo, ikugwira nawo ntchito yolimbana ndi magulu a mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi zigawenga Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia - Ejército del Pueblo (FARC-EP).

Pa pulogalamu ya S-70, kupambana konse pamsika wankhondo kuyenera kukhala mphepo yamkuntho pamasambo, koma pamapeto pake adakhala omaliza chilala chamsika chisanachitike - pofika chaka cha 2015, sanapambane malamulo atsopano, ndipo , kuphatikizapo, Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation mu November 2015 inakhala katundu wa Lockheed Martin Corporation. Tsoka ilo, sizinatheke kuphatikizira mafakitale aku Mielec ngati othandizira popanga chilolezo cha S-70i ku Turkey. Kupambana kwa Turkey posankha S-2014i mu '70 ngati nsanja ya helikopita yatsopano ya T-70 pansi pa pulogalamu ya Turkey Utility Helicopter Program (TUHP) sikunachitike chifukwa chakupita patsogolo pang'onopang'ono kwa bizinesi yonse. Izi ndichifukwa chakuzizira kwa ubale waukazembe pa mzere wa Washington-Ankara ndipo zitha kubweretsa kuchedwa kwina kwa polojekitiyi, yomwe ikuwoneka ngati mzere wosiyana wa S-70i.

Kusintha kwa umwini wa mafakitale ku Mielec kunayambitsa kusintha kwa ndondomeko ya malonda, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti apambane apambane omwe akupitirizabe - malamulo okha m'miyezi yapitayi apangitsa kuti mapangano ogulitsa athetsedwe. mu kuchuluka kwa makope 42. Kuphatikiza pa msika wankhondo, komwe ma helikopita a 67 adapangidwa zaka zaposachedwa (kwa Chile, Poland, Thailand ndi Philippines), msika wamba wakhala ntchito yofunika kwambiri, makamaka makamaka pantchito zadzidzidzi - m'zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi zapitazi. , Mielec wagulitsa zambiri 21 Black Hawk. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti kuwonjezera pa msika weniweni wa ku America, kumene ma helikopita amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa ntchito zozimitsa moto, mayiko ena posachedwa adzagwiritsa ntchito ubwino wa C-70i mu gawo ili la msika. Izi zili choncho chifukwa ambiri ogwira ntchito zozimitsa moto amasuntha ndege zawo pakati pa madera oyaka moto (chifukwa cha mawu osiyanasiyana oti "nyengo zamoto", ndege zomwezo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ku Greece, US ndi Australia). Kupambana kofunikira ndikukhazikitsa mgwirizano wopindulitsa pakati pa wopanga ndege za helikopita ndi United Rotorcraft, yomwe imagwira ntchito yotembenuza ma helikopita kuti apulumutse ndi kuzimitsa moto. Mgwirizano womwe ukuchitika pakali pano ndi wa ma helikopita asanu ndipo umaphatikizapo, mwa zina, kopi yomwe idzatumizidwa ku Colorado Emergency Services, komanso Firehawk kwa wosadziwika wosadziwika kunja kwa United States.