S-70 Black Hawk

Helikopita ya Black Hawk Multi-Purpose Helicopter ndi gulu lankhondo lankhondo lakale lomwe limatha kuchita mishoni, kuphatikiza zida zowongoleredwa, komanso kuthekera kochita ntchito zoyendera, monga kunyamula gulu lankhondo.

Helikoputala ya Sikorsky S-70 yokhala ndi maudindo ambiri ndi imodzi mwa ndege zodziwika bwino, zolamulidwa ndikumangidwa pafupifupi makope a 4000, kuphatikiza 3200 yogwiritsidwa ntchito pamtunda ndi 800 yogwiritsidwa ntchito panyanja. Inagulidwa ndikuyamba kugwira ntchito ndi mayiko oposa 30. S-70 ikupangidwabe ndikupangidwa mochuluka, ndipo mapangano ena amtundu uwu wa helikopita akukambitsirana. M'zaka khumizi, S-70 Black Hawks idapangidwanso ku Państwowe Zakłady Lotnicze Sp. z oo ku Mielec (wothandizira wa Lockheed Martin Corporation). Anagulidwa apolisi ndi asilikali a ku Poland (ankhondo apadera). Malinga ndi zomwe ochita zisankho anena, kuchuluka kwa ma helikoputala a S-70 Black Hawk ogulira ogwiritsa ntchito aku Poland awonjezeka.

Multi-purpose helikopita Black Hawk imatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwazabwino kwambiri m'kalasi mwake. Ili ndi zomangamanga zolimba kwambiri zomwe sizingawonongeke komanso kuwonongeka pakatera movutikira, zomwe zimapereka mwayi wopulumuka kwa anthu omwe ali m'botiwo pakagwa ngozi. Chifukwa chakukula, fuselage yathyathyathya komanso geji yotalikirapo, mawonekedwe a airframe samayenda m'mbali. Black Hawk ili ndi malo otsika kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuti asilikali omwe ali ndi zida alowe ndi kutuluka mu helikopita, monga momwe zimakhalira zitseko zazikulu m'mbali mwa fuselage. Chifukwa cha injini yamagetsi yamagetsi olemera kwambiri, General Electric T700-GE-701D Black Hawk ali ndi mphamvu zambiri, komanso kudalirika kwakukulu ndikutha kubwerera kuchokera ku ntchito pa injini imodzi.

Helikopita ya Black Hawk yokhala ndi mapiko awiri a ESSS; Chiwonetsero cha makampani achitetezo chapadziko lonse, Kielce, 2016. Pa mawonekedwe akunja a ESSS tikuwona mipiringidzo inayi ya anti-tank guided missile launcher AGM-114 Hellfire.

Cockpit ya Black Hawk ili ndi zowonetsera zinayi zamadzimadzi zomwe zimagwira ntchito zambiri, komanso zowonetsera zothandizira pagawo lopingasa pakati pa oyendetsa ndege. Chinthu chonsecho chikuphatikizidwa ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka ndege, kamene kamagwiritsa ntchito njira inayi yoyendetsa ndege. Njira yoyendetsera kayendetsedwe kake imachokera ku machitidwe awiri a inertial omwe amalumikizidwa ndi olandila a satellite navigation system, omwe amalumikizana ndi mapu adijito opangidwa pamadzi amadzimadzi. Paulendo wapaulendo wausiku, oyendetsa ndege amatha kugwiritsa ntchito magalasi owonera usiku. Kulankhulana kotetezeka kumaperekedwa ndi mawayilesi awiri a Broadband okhala ndi njira zolemberana ndi encrypted.

Black Hawk ndi helikopita yosunthika kwambiri ndipo imalola: mayendedwe onyamula katundu (mkati mwa kanyumba kanyumba ndi panja lakunja), asitikali ndi asitikali, kusaka ndi kupulumutsa ndi kuthamangitsidwa kwachipatala, kusaka ndi kupulumutsa ndi kuthamangitsidwa kwachipatala kuchokera kunkhondo, thandizo lamoto. ndi mayendedwe operekeza ndi mizati yoguba. Kuonjezera apo, chidwi chiyenera kuperekedwa ku nthawi yochepa yokonzanso ntchito inayake.

Poyerekeza ndi mapangidwe ena a cholinga chofanana, Black Hawk amasiyanitsidwa ndi zida zamphamvu kwambiri komanso zosiyanasiyana. Sizinganyamule zida zokhala ndi mipiringidzo komanso ma roketi osayendetsedwa, komanso mivi yolimbana ndi akasinja. Gawo loyendetsa moto lakhala likuphatikizidwa ndi ma avionics omwe alipo ndipo akhoza kuwongoleredwa ndi aliyense woyendetsa ndege. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito migolo ya cannon kapena maroketi, zomwe mukufuna zikuwonetsedwa pazithunzi zokwera pamutu, zomwe zimalola oyendetsa ndege kuyendetsa helikopita kuti ifike pamalo abwino owombera (amalolanso kulumikizana kumutu). Kuti muwone, kuyang'ana ndi kuwongolera zoponya zowongoleredwa, kuyang'ana kwamagetsi ndi kuwongolera mutu wokhala ndi zithunzi zotentha ndi makamera a kanema wawayilesi, komanso choyimira cha laser choyezera mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi kuwunikira kwa chandamale chimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mtundu wothandizira moto wa Black Hawk umagwiritsa ntchito ESSS (External Store Support System). Mfundo zinayi zonse zimatha kunyamula mfuti za 12,7mm zokhala ndi migolo yambiri, roketi za 70mm Hydra 70, kapena mizinga yolimbana ndi akasinja ya AGM-114 ya Hellfire (yokhala ndi mutu wogwiritsa ntchito laser). Komanso n'zotheka kupachika akasinja owonjezera mafuta ndi mphamvu ya malita 757. Helikopita imathanso kulandira mfuti yoyendetsedwa ndi woyendetsa 7,62-mm yokhala ndi mipiringidzo yambiri komanso / kapena mfuti ziwiri zosunthika ndi wowombera.

Mwa kuphatikiza ndi mapiko akunja a ESSS okhala ndi malo awiri, helikopita ya Black Hawk multipurpose imatha kugwira ntchito izi, mwa zina:

• kuperekeza, kumenyedwa ndi chithandizo chamoto, pogwiritsa ntchito zida zonse zomenyera ndege zomwe zimayikidwa pazida zakunja, ndikuthekera kuyika zida zotsalira kapena thanki yowonjezera yamafuta m'chipinda chonyamula katundu cha helikopita;
• kulimbana ndi zida zankhondo ndi magalimoto omenyera zida zankhondo zokhoza kunyamula mpaka 16 AGM-114 Hellfire anti-tank guided mizinga;
• asitikali oyendetsa ndi kutera, ndi kuthekera konyamula ma paratroopers 10 okhala ndi mfuti ziwiri zam'mbali; mu kasinthidwe uku, helikopita idzakhalabe ndi zida zankhondo zolimba, koma sizidzanyamulanso zida m'chipinda chonyamula katundu.

Chida chamtengo wapatali kwambiri cha Black Hawk ndicho mtundu waposachedwa kwambiri wa mzinga wa Hellfire anti-tank guided - AGM-114R Multi-Purpose Hellfire II, wokhala ndi zida zankhondo zapadziko lonse lapansi zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wogunda mitundu ingapo, kuchokera ku zida zankhondo, kudzera m'mipanda. ndi nyumba, kuononga mphamvu za adani. Zoponya zamtunduwu zitha kukhazikitsidwa m'njira ziwiri zazikulu: loko musanadye chakudya chamasana (LOBL) - kutseka / kutseka chandamale musanawombe ndikutseka mukatha nkhomaliro (LOAL) - kutseka / kutseka chandamale mutawombera. Kupeza zomwe mukufuna kumatheka ndi oyendetsa ma helikoputala komanso anthu ena.

Chombo cha AGM-114R Hellfire II chamitundu yambiri cha air-to-surface chimatha kugunda ponsepo (imaima) ndikusuntha chandamale. Utali wothandiza - 8000 m.

Komanso zotheka ndi 70 mm air-to-ground DAGR (Direct Attack Guided Rocket) air-to-ground missiles ophatikizidwa ndi oyambitsa moto wa Hellfire (M310 - okhala ndi maupangiri 2 ndi M299 - okhala ndi owongolera 4). Zoponya za DAGR zili ndi mphamvu zofanana ndi za Moto wa Gahena, koma zozimitsa moto zocheperako komanso kuchuluka kwake, zomwe zimawalola kuti achepetse magalimoto okhala ndi zida, nyumba, ndi zida za adani pomwe akuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa chikole. Zoyambitsa zida za Quadruple DAGR zimayikidwa pa njanji za oyambitsa moto wa Hellfire ndipo zimakhala ndi mtunda wa 1500-5000 m.