Meko style swordfish

Chitsanzo cha frigate yamitundu yambiri ya MEKO A-300 yokhala ndi machitidwe omenyera achitsanzo. Sitimayi idakhala maziko opangira mapangidwe amalingaliro a MEKO A-300PL, omwe ndi maziko a zopereka za thyssenkrupp Marine.

Systems mu pulogalamu ya Miecznik.

Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa February, gulu la atolankhani aku Poland linali ndi mwayi wophunzira za pempho la German shipbuilding akugwira thyssenkrupp Marine Systems, yokonzedwa poyankha pulogalamu yomanga frigate ya Polish Navy, codenamed Miecznik. Talemba kale zambiri za mbali yaukadaulo ya pulani yoyamba ya nsanja yomwe ikufunsidwa, yomwe ndi MEKO A-300, patsamba lathu (WiT 10/2021 ndi 11/2021), kotero tidzangokumbukira malingaliro ake akulu. Tidzapereka chidwi kwambiri ku mbali ya mafakitale ndi makampani, komanso chitsanzo cha bizinesi cha mgwirizano, chomwe ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la lingaliro la Germany ku Poland.

Kampani yomanga zombo za thyssenkrupp Marine Systems GmbH (tkMS) ndi gawo la bungwe la thyssenkrupp AG. Iyenso ndi mwini wake wa Atlas Elektronik GmbH, wopanga makina apakompyuta a mabwato apamwamba ndi apamadzi. Iyenso ndi woyambitsa nawo ma consortiums monga kta Naval Systems AS (tkMS, Atlas Elektronik ndi Kongsberg Defense & Aerospace) popanga machitidwe oyendetsera nkhondo zapansi pamadzi.

Frigate ya MEKO A-300 ili ndi "zilumba zomenyana" ziwiri, ndipo pamodzi ndi iwo machitidwe ofunikira kuti apulumuke chombo ndi kupitiriza nkhondoyo akuchulukitsidwa. Pazigawo ziwiri zazikuluzikulu, tinyanga tamagetsi tamagetsi timawoneka, ndipo pakati pawo pali zowombera zotsutsana ndi sitima ndi zoponya ndege. Chidwi chimakokedwa pazitali zomwe zili m'mbali, zophimbidwa ndi ma gridi a Faraday, omwe amachepetsa malo owoneka bwino a radar amaderawa.

Mbiri ya TKMS m'sitima zapamadzi zamtundu wa frigate pano ili ndi magawo amitundu iyi: MEKO A-100MB LF (frigate yowala), MEKO A-200 (general frigate), MEKO A-300 (frigate yamitundu yambiri) ndi F125 ("expeditionary" frigate yotumizidwa ndi Deutsche Marine). Pazaka 40 zapitazi, ma frigates 61 ndi mitundu 16 ya ma corvettes ndi kusinthidwa kwawo kwa zombo 13 zapadziko lonse lapansi adapangidwa kapena akumangidwa pamaziko a ntchito za TKMS. Mwa awa, 54 akugwira ntchito pano, kuphatikiza 28 m'maiko asanu a NATO.

Nzeru ya tkMS imagwiritsa ntchito chisinthiko chozungulira, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mtundu uliwonse watsopano wa frigate wopangidwa ndi tkMS umakhalabe ndi zabwino kwambiri zomwe zidalipo kale ndikuwonjezera njira zatsopano ndi matekinoloje komanso mawonekedwe ake.

MEKO A-300PL ya Navy

Malingaliro a tkMS ndi pulojekiti ya MEKO A-300PL frigate, yomwe ndi yosiyana ndi A-300 yomwe ikugwirizana ndi zomwe Mechnik adaganiza mwaukadaulo komanso mwaukadaulo. MEKO A-300 ndi wolowa m'malo mwachindunji kwa frigates atatu: MEKO A-200 (mayunitsi 10 omangidwa ndi akumangidwa, mndandanda atatu), F125 (anayi omangidwa) ndi MEKO A-100MB LF (anayi akumangidwa), ndi mapangidwe ake kutengera mawonekedwe amitundu yonse. Dongosolo la MEKO lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito pamapangidwe ake, i.e. MEhrzweck-KOmbination (multifunctional kuphatikiza) ndi lingaliro lozikidwa pa modularity wa zida, zamagetsi ndi zida zina zofunika zomwe zikuphatikizidwa mu dongosolo lomenyera nkhondo, zomwe cholinga chake ndikuwongolera makonda a yankho lapadera pazosowa za zombo zoperekedwa, kukonza kotsatira ndi kuchepetsa kugula. ndi ndalama zosamalira.

The MEKO A-300 frigate yodziwika ndi: kusamutsidwa okwana matani 5900, okwana kutalika 125,1 m, mtengo pazipita 19,25 m, kukonzekera 5,3 m, pazipita liwiro la 27 mfundo, osiyanasiyana> 6000 nautical. mailosi. Pamapangidwe ake, adaganiza zogwiritsa ntchito CODAD (Combined Diesel And Diesel) njira yoyendetsera, yomwe ndi njira yotsika mtengo kwambiri yopezera komanso yotsika mtengo kwambiri pamayendedwe amoyo wa frigate. Kuphatikiza apo, imakhalabe yolimba kwambiri yamakina ndipo imakhudzanso kukula ndi zovuta za mapangidwe a frigate ndi mtengo wa siginecha yake, makamaka m'magulu a infrared ndi radar, monga momwe zilili ndi CODAG ndi CODLAG. . makina opangira gasi.

Mbali yakunja yomwe imasiyanitsa kapangidwe ka MEKO A-300 ndi "zilumba zolimbana" ziwiri, chilichonse chomwe chili ndi machitidwe odziyimira pawokha ofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti unit ikugwira ntchito pambuyo polephera. Izi zikuphatikizapo: njira yolimbana ndi zowonongeka, makina opangira magetsi ndi kugawa, makina oyendetsa galimoto, njira zotetezera zowonongeka, zotenthetsera, mpweya wabwino ndi mpweya, ndi kayendedwe kake.

Frigate ya MEKO A-300 idapangidwa kuti izitha kuphulika pansi pamadzi chifukwa cha chitetezo komanso kapangidwe kake. Pambuyo pa kuphulika, frigate idzakhalabe ikuyandama, idzatha kusuntha ndi kumenyana (kuteteza mpweya, pamwamba, pansi pa madzi ndi zoopsa za asymmetric). Chigawochi chimapangidwa motsatira muyezo wosamira, womwe umaphatikizapo kukhalabe ndi mayendedwe abwino pamene zipinda zitatu zoyandikana za chombocho zasefukira. Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zosakhala ndi madzi ambiri ndi kuphulika kwawiri kwa bulkhead kumalimbikitsidwa mwapadera kuti athe kupirira ndi kuyamwa mphamvu ya kuphulika ndikuletsa kulowa kwautali chifukwa cha zotsatira zake. Imapanga malire oyimirira amkati pakati pa aft ndi bow "combat Island" ndi malo otetezedwa kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo. Frigate ya MEKO A-300 inalinso ndi zishango za mpira.

Sitimayo idapangidwa molingana ndi filosofi ya Deutsche Marine ya redundancy yamagetsi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ma jenereta awiri aliwonse amatha kulephera ndipo sitimayo ikadali ndi mphamvu zokwanira zamagetsi kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zapanyanja, kuyenda komanso mphamvu. Majenereta anayi ali pamagetsi awiri, imodzi pa "chilumba cholimbana" chilichonse. Amasiyanitsidwa ndi zipinda zisanu zopanda madzi, zomwe zimatsimikizira kupulumuka kwakukulu. Kuphatikiza apo, pakawonongeka kwathunthu kwamagetsi akulu, frigate imatha kugwiritsa ntchito chowongolera chamagetsi cha azimuth, chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati injini yothamangitsira mwadzidzidzi kuti ikwaniritse liwiro lotsika.

Lingaliro la "zilumba zolimbana" ziwiri limalola frigate ya MEKO A-300 kukhalabe yosunthika komanso kuyenda (kuyenda, magetsi, chitetezo chowonongeka) ndi luso linalake lankhondo (zoseweretsa, mabungwe akuluakulu, lamulo, kuwongolera ndi kulumikizana - C3) ) pa chimodzi mwa zilumbazi, ngati ntchito ina idzayimitsidwa chifukwa cha kulephera kumenyana kapena kulephera kwa ntchitoyi pa ina. Choncho, frigate ili ndi masts awiri osiyana akuluakulu ndi midadada superstructure pa "zilumba zomenyana" ziwiri, zomwe zili ndi masensa ndi ma actuators, komanso zinthu za C3 kuti zipereke ulamuliro, kuzindikira, kufufuza ndi kumenyana m'madera onse atatu.

Mfundo yayikulu yaukadaulo wa MEKO ndikutha kuphatikizira njira iliyonse yomenyera nkhondo ku frigate ya A-300, kuphatikiza njira yowongolera nkhondo (CMS) kuchokera kwa ogulitsa osiyanasiyana, pogwiritsa ntchito makina osakhazikika, magetsi, kuziziritsa kwazizindikiro. kuphatikiza zolumikizira. Choncho, mu mitundu yoposa khumi ndi iwiri ndi ma frigates ndi ma corvettes opangidwa ndi kuperekedwa ndi TKMS pazaka 30 zapitazi, machitidwe osiyanasiyana olamulira a opanga osiyanasiyana akuphatikizidwa, kuphatikizapo: Atlas Elektronik, Thales, Saab ndi Lockheed Martin.

Pankhani yankhondo yankhondo, frigate ya MEKO A-300 ili ndi zida zonse zowongolera, kuzindikira, kutsatira ndi kuthana ndi ziwopsezo zapamtunda zazitali, kuphatikiza zida zoponya zanzeru, pamtunda wopitilira 150 km ndikulumikizana ndi asitikali apanyanja kapena nsanja yophatikizika ya sensor / nkhondo mdera lachitetezo cha mpweya.

Mapangidwe a MEKO A-300 adapangidwa kuti aphatikizire mzinga uliwonse wotsutsana ndi sitima kuchokera kwa wopanga waku Western. Chiwerengero chawo chachikulu ndi 16, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale imodzi mwamagulu omwe ali ndi zida zambiri za kukula kwake.

Pofuna kufufuza sitima zapamadzi, frigate inali ndi: hull sonar, sonar towed (passive ndi yogwira ntchito) ndi masensa oyendera sitima zapamadzi, ma frigates amaphatikizidwa ndi netiweki ya PDO (mpaka ma helikoputala awiri okhala ndi sonar ndi sonar buoys, mpaka awiri. Maboti osayendetsedwa ndi mita 11 okhala ndi sonar yogwira ntchito, monga Atlas Elektronik ARCIMS). MEKO A-300 ili ndi ma sonar a Atlas Elektronik omwe amagwira ntchito pakatikati komanso ma frequency apamwamba ndipo adapangidwa mwapadera kuti azigwira ntchito ku Baltic.

Zida za PDO zikuphatikiza: machubu awiri atatu a 324-mm kuwala kwa torpedo, machubu awiri a Atlas Elektronik SeaHake Mod 533 4-mm olemera a torpedo machubu, machubu awiri a Atlas Elektronik SeaSpider okhala ndi mipiringidzo inayi, machubu anayi a Rheinmetall MASS EM / IR anti-torpedo. machubu. . Machitidwe a PDO a MEKO A-300 frigate amasinthidwa kuti azigwira ntchito ku Baltic Theatre. Chikhalidwe cha m'mphepete mwa nyanja cha madzi awa, komanso momwe madzi amakhalira komanso kukhalapo kwa kubwereranso, kumafuna kugwiritsa ntchito ma sonars othamanga kwambiri kusiyana ndi zombo zomwe zimagwira ntchito m'nyanja yakuya.