Udindo ndi mfundo ya zochita za jakisoni

Kwa nthawi, jekeseni m'malo carburetor pa injini mafuta (carburetor, amene angapezeke pa magalimoto onyamula ndi injini yaing'ono-siroke awiri pa mawilo awiri). Zolondola kwambiri pamafuta a metering, zimalola kuwongolera bwino kuyaka komanso kugwiritsa ntchito injini. Kuphatikiza apo, kuthekera kowongolera mafuta mopanikizika kumalola kuti atomized bwino mu chipinda cholowera kapena choyaka (madontho abwino). Pomaliza, jekeseni ndiyofunikira pa injini za dizilo, chifukwa chake pampu ya jakisoni idapangidwa ndi munthu yemwe anali ndi lingaliro: Rudolph Diesel.

Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kusiyanitsa pakati pa jakisoni wachindunji ndi jekeseni wosalunjika, chifukwa ndikofunikiranso kusiyanitsa pakati pa jekeseni imodzi ndi jekeseni wambiri.

jekeseni dongosolo

Nachi chithunzi cha jakisoni cha injini yaposachedwa, mafuta amayenda kuchokera ku thanki kupita ku mpope. Pampuyo imapereka mafuta oponderezedwa ku njanji yosungiramo (kuti apeze kuthamanga kwakukulu, mpaka 2000 bar m'malo mwa 200 popanda chomaliza), chomwe chimatchedwa njanji wamba. Majekeseniwo amatsegula pa nthawi yoyenera kuti apereke mafuta ku injini.

Dongosolo silikhala ndi Common Rail: zambiri apa

Dinani apa kuti muwone chithunzi chonse

Tikuchita ndi injini ya njanji wamba, koma izi sizokhazikika pamagalimoto akale. Tchipisi zamphamvu zili pafupi kunyengerera kompyuta posintha zomwe zimatumizidwa ndi sensor sensor (cholinga ndikupeza zochulukirapo)

1.9 TDI iyi ilibe njanji, imakhala ndi mpope wothamanga kwambiri ndi ma jekeseni a unit (ali ndi pampu yaing'ono yomangidwira kuti awonjezere kuthamanga kwambiri, cholinga chake ndikufika pamtunda wa njanji wamba). Volkswagen yagwetsa dongosololi.

Nayi mpope pafupi (Zithunzi za Wanu1966), yomalizayo iyenera kupopera, kumwa ndi kutulutsa

Pampu (kulola kuti kupanikizika kumangidwe) kumayendetsedwa ndi lamba, lomwe palokha limayendetsedwa ndi injini yothamanga. Komabe, kugawa ndi metering ya mafuta kumayendetsedwa ndi magetsi. Zikomo kwa Van chifukwa cha zithunzi zokongola izi.

Ntchito ya pompa

Kuyendetsa kwamagetsi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera liwiro lopanda ntchito ndipo kumasinthidwa ndi zomangira (mosamala, awa ndi masewera omwe ali ndi kulondola kwa magawo khumi a millimeter). Valavu yotsogola ya solenoid imakhudza kutsogola kwa jekeseni: imasankha nthawi yomwe mafuta aperekedwa, kutengera momwe injiniyo ilili (kutentha, kuthamanga kwapano, kukakamiza pa accelerator pedal). Ngati pali kutsogola kochulukira, mutha kumva pop kapena dinani. Kuchedwa kwambiri komanso zakudya zimatha kukhala zosagwirizana. Valavu yotseka ya solenoid imatseka mafuta a dizilo pamene kuyatsa kwazimitsidwa (ndikofunikira kuyimitsa mafuta ku injini za dizilo, chifukwa zimagwira ntchito poziwotcha. Pa petulo, ndikokwanira kuyimitsa kuyatsa. . Palibenso kuyaka).

Montages angapo

Mwachiwonekere pali angapo masinthidwe otheka:

• Choyamba, dongosolo lofala kwambiri (zenizeni), zomwe zimakonda kutha, jekeseni wosalunjika... Zimaphatikizapo kutumiza mafuta kumalo omwe amamwa. Chotsatiracho chimasakanikirana ndi mpweya ndipo pamapeto pake chimalowa m'masilinda pamene valavu yolowetsa imatsegulidwa.
• pa dizilo, jekeseni wosalunjika sichimatumiza mafuta kumalo olowera, koma ndi voliyumu yaying'ono yomwe imalowa mu silinda (onani apa kuti mudziwe zambiri)
• Thejekeseni mwachindunji imagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza, chifukwa imalola kuwongolera kwathunthu kwa jekeseni wamafuta mu injini (kuwongolera bwino kwa injini, kutsika kwamafuta, etc.). Komanso, amapereka mode chuma ntchito ndi mafuta injini (stratified mode). Pa injini za dizilo, izi zimalolanso jekeseni wowonjezera, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeretsa zosefera (zokhazikika komanso zosinthika zokha zomwe zimachitidwa ndi dongosolo).

Kusiyana kwina kulipo pankhani ya jakisoni wosalunjika, izi ndi njira mono et zambiri... Pankhani ya nsonga imodzi, pali jekeseni imodzi yokha ya manifold onse olowa. M'mawonekedwe amitundu yambiri, pali majekeseni ambiri omwe amalowetsamo ngati pali ma cylinders (amayikidwa mwachindunji kutsogolo kwa valve yolowera pamtundu uliwonse).

Mitundu ingapo ya nozzles

Kutengera ndi jekeseni wachindunji kapena wosalunjika, mapangidwe a jekeseni mwachiwonekere sadzakhala ofanana.

Mphuno zowongoka

Pali mtundu wa jekeseni chotsalira kapena lembani pafupipafupi piezoelectric. Le chotsalira imagwira ntchito ndi maginito ang'onoang'ono amagetsi omwe amawongolera njira yamafuta kapena ayi. v piezoelectric imagwira ntchito bwino chifukwa imatha kuthamanga komanso kutentha kwambiri. Komabe, Bosh wapita kutali kwambiri kuti solenoid ikhale yofulumira komanso yothandiza kwambiri.

Majekeseni pa INDIRECTE

Chifukwa chake, jekeseni yomwe ili pamtunda imakhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyana pamwamba.

Jekeseni wosalunjika

Nayi jekeseni mu dongosolo wotsogolera, imatenga mafuta pansi pa kupanikizika ndikuitulutsa mu cylinder mu jeti ya microscopic. Chifukwa chake, zonyansa zazing'ono zimatha kuwagwira ... Tikuchita ndi makina olondola kwambiri.

Mphuno imodzi pa silinda, kapena 4 ngati 4-silinda.

Nawa majekeseni a 1.5 dCi (Renault) omwe amawonedwa pa Nissan Micra.

Apa iwo ali mu HDI injini

Kusiyana pakati pa Common Rail Injection System ndi Distribution Pump?

Jakisoni wamba amakhala ndi mpope wa jakisoni womwe umalumikizidwa ndi jekeseni iliyonse. Choncho, pampu iyi imapereka mafuta kwa jekeseni pansi pa kupanikizika ... Njira ya Common Rail ndi yofanana kwambiri, kupatulapo kuti pali Common Rail pakati pa jekeseni wa jekeseni ndi jekeseni. Uwu ndi mtundu wa chipinda chomwe mafuta amatumizidwa, omwe amaunjikana mopanikizika (chifukwa cha mpope). Sitimayi imapereka mphamvu yowonjezereka ya jekeseni, komanso imasunga kupanikizika kumeneku ngakhale pa liwiro lapamwamba (lomwe silinganenedwe kuti pampu yogawa, yomwe imataya madzi pansi pazimenezi). Dinani apa kuti mudziwe zambiri.

Pampu nozzle??

Volkswagen, kumbali yake, adatulutsa makina atsopano kwa zaka zingapo, koma pamapeto pake adasiyidwa. M’malo mokhala ndi mpope mbali imodzi ndi ma nozzles mbali ina, iwo anaganiza zopanga mapaipiwo ndi mpope waung’ono. Kotero, m'malo mwa pampu yapakati, tili ndi jekeseni imodzi. Kuchita kwake kunali kwabwino, koma kunalibe chivomerezo, chifukwa khalidwe la injiniyo ndi lovuta kwambiri, lomwe limayambitsa jerks pa mathamangitsidwe ena. Kuphatikiza apo, nozzle iliyonse ndi yokwera mtengo chifukwa imakhala ndi mpope yaying'ono.

Chifukwa chiyani kompyuta imawongolera jakisoni?

Ubwino wowongolera majekeseni ndi kompyuta ndikuti amatha kugwira ntchito mosiyana malinga ndi zomwe zikuchitika. Zoonadi, kutengera kutentha / mumlengalenga, injini kutentha mlingo, accelerator pedal maganizo, injini liwiro (TDC sensa), etc. Jekeseni sudzachitidwa chimodzimodzi. ... Choncho, kunali koyenera kukhala ndi masensa kuti "awerenge" chilengedwe (kutentha, pedal sensor, etc.) ndi makompyuta apakompyuta kuti athe kulamulira jekeseni mogwirizana ndi deta zonsezi.

Kuchepetsa kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta

Chifukwa cha kulondola kwa jekeseni, palibenso "kutaya" kwa mafuta, komwe kumachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta. Phindu lina ndikukhala ndi thupi lopunduka lomwe limapanga kutentha kozizira kuposa ma mota wamba kuti agwiritse ntchito mofanana, zomwe zimapangitsa mphamvu zambiri komanso magwiridwe antchito. Komabe, jekeseni, chifukwa cha zovuta zake zazikulu, imakhalanso ndi zofooka zina, zomwe ziribe zotsatira zake. Choyamba, mafuta ayenera kukhala abwino kuti asawawononge (dothi lililonse limatha kulowa munjira yaying'ono). Chifukwa cha kulephera kungakhalenso kuthamanga kwambiri kapena kusalimba kwa ma nozzles.

Kuti mumve zambiri: tili ndi ngongole yolemba injini yoyamba yoyatsira mkati yokhala ndi jakisoni kwa injiniya waku Germany Rudolf Diesel mu 1893. Otsatirawa sanalandire kuvomerezedwa kofala mu gawo lamagalimoto mpaka nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse itatha. Mu 1950, Mfalansa Georges Regembo anayamba kupanga jakisoni wamafuta mwachindunji mu injini yagalimoto. Kutukuka kwaukadaulo ndiukadaulo pambuyo pake kudzalola jakisoni wamakina kukhala amagetsi, kupangitsa kuti ikhale yotsika mtengo, yabata komanso, koposa zonse, yogwira mtima kwambiri.

Pamwambapa pali zinthu zingapo za jakisoni, ndipo pansi pali wogawa jekeseni yekha, wotchedwanso njanji wamba.

Ndemanga zonse ndi mayankho

chatha ndemanga yolemba:

Odia (Tsiku: 2021, 09:02:21)

hi

Anagula Tiguan Comfort BVM6

Pa 6600 Km, galimoto si kusuntha, ndipo palibe kuwonetsedwa pa bolodi. Kubwerera mu garaja Volswagen, diagnostics kompyuta sanaulule zolakwa za zipangizo zamagetsi, akukayikira khalidwe la dizilo, chotsirizira anasinthidwa popanda zotsatira zomwe zingakhale chifukwa ndi zikomo ??

Ine. 4 Zotsatira (izi) ku ndemanga iyi:

(Positi yanu idzawonekera pansi pa ndemanga pambuyo pakutsimikizira)

Ndemanga zapitilira (51 à 87) >> dinani apa

Lembani ndemanga

Mukuganiza bwanji za kuchepa kwa 90 mpaka 80 km / h?