Kukonza ndikusintha kwa bokosi la giya lakumbuyo: 5 zovuta zomwe zingachitike pamakina

Bokosi lakumbuyo la axle lili ndi zigawo zingapo, makamaka kuyendetsa komaliza komanso kusiyanitsa. Giya yayikulu ndi njira yomwe chiŵerengero cha magiya agalimoto chimachulukira. Zomwe zili, zomwe zimakhudza komanso momwe mungakonzere gearbox, tikambirana m'nkhaniyi.

Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane chipangizo cha gearbox, wopangidwa ndi mbali ziwiri zomwe tatchula kale. Magiya akuluakulu amagawidwa ngati amodzi komanso awiri, omwe ali ndi magiya amodzi ndi awiri, motsatana, kuti atumize torque kumawilo.

Magiya akuluakulu awiri ali pakatikati (mapangidwe osavuta, chiŵerengero cha gear chokulirapo, koma katundu wokulirapo pazinthu zamakina) ndi mipata (mapangidwe ovuta kwambiri, koma owoneka bwino, ophatikizika, amalola makinawo kukhala ndi mtunda waukulu pansi).

Magiya akuluakulu osiyana:

• cylindrical (magiya mu ndege yomweyo, mphamvu pazipita, gear chiŵerengero 3,5-4,2);
• bevel (magiya ali perpendicular kwa wina ndi mzake, kotero kuti mapangidwe amatenga malo ambiri, kuchita bwino kwambiri);
• nyongolotsi (zowonjezereka, zopanda phokoso, koma zosagwira ntchito, zovuta kupanga);
• hypoid (yopepuka kulemera, yaying'ono kukula komanso yodalirika imasamutsa mphamvu kuchokera ku injini kupita ku shaft, koma mphamvu zake ndizofanana ndi magiya omwe ali pamwambapa).

Kusiyanitsa ndi njira yomwe imagawira torque pakati pa magudumu oyendetsa ndi ma axles. Kusiyanitsa kumathandizira kutsetsereka ndi kuthamanga pogwiritsa ntchito mawilo osiyanasiyana.

Ma gearbox amatha kulephera makamaka chifukwa cha mayendedwe amkuwa omwe ali m'matangadza omwe amamangiriridwa ku gearbox yomwe. Ngati chotengera choterocho chikusweka, masitonkeni amachotsedwa ndipo mapiko amayamba kupindika.

Chifukwa cha kupindika koteroko, zida zazikulu zimatha kupunduka.

Ngati ndi yokhotakhota, ming'alu kapena tchipisi akhoza kuoneka pa mano zida, kenako gearbox akhoza kupanikizana, ndipo ngati kutsinde si kuuluka pa malo, kuopseza kuswa nyumba gearbox.

Chifukwa cha kusweka kudzakhalanso kudzazidwa mosayembekezereka kwa mafuta mu giya la giya lakumbuyo, kulondola kwambiri, kusakhalapo kwake kapena kusinthidwa kwanthawi yake. Kusintha mafuta kufala nthawi zambiri kumachitika makilomita 35 aliwonse.

N'zosavuta kuona kulephera kwa gearbox, pamene ngodya, hard braking kapena, Tikawonetsetsa, mathamangitsidwe, phokoso nthawi ndi nthawi kumachitika m`dera la ekseli kumbuyo.

Kukonza bokosi la gearbox lakumbuyo ndi manja anu sikovuta kwambiri. Taganizirani pa chitsanzo cha tingachipeze powerenga galimoto VAZ. Choyamba, muyenera kukhetsa mafuta a giya kuchokera ku gearbox yakumbuyo.

Pamene mafuta akutuluka m'nyumba, chotsani nthiti ya cardan.

Chotsatira ndikuchotsa ma axle shafts ndipo chifukwa cha izi, choyamba, chotsani mawilo akumbuyo ndi ng'oma zophwanyika. Kenako timamasula ma bolts a gearbox ndi mlatho. Mukakhazikitsa gearbox yatsopano, timagwiritsa ntchito sealant ndipo musaiwale za gasket ya makatoni. Lembani gearbox ndi mafuta. Gearbox flange iyenera kukhala yolimba, monga momwe ziyenera kukhalira.

Payokha, chipangizo cha gearbox ya kumbuyo sizovuta kwambiri, ndipo makamaka mtundu wa hypoid umapezeka pamagalimoto oyendetsa kumbuyo. Vuto lonse lagona pa mfundo yakuti pochotsa ng’oma za mabuleki, pakhoza kubuka vuto la dzimbiri, ndipo m’malo ena chitsulocho chimatha kukanikizidwa mwamphamvu. Koma nkhanza mwamuna mphamvu ndi zida zochepa mosavuta kuthetsa vutoli.

Ngati mukugula gearbox yatsopano nokha, muyenera kulabadira kuti zitsanzo zomwezo zimatha mtengo wosiyana kwambiri pogula. Kusiyanaku kuli m'malembo awiri okha a OP (chithunzi chachikulu). Izi zikutanthauza kuti panthawi ya kafukufuku wa fakitale, cholakwika chinapezeka, ndiye makinawo adalowa m'gawolo ndipo tsopano ali bwino, koma amagulitsidwa pamtengo wotsika.

Kodi giya yakumbuyo imasinthidwa bwanji?

Kumbuyo axle gearbox kusintha zinayamba kukwiyitsa inu ndi khalidwe hum, amene kale anamva pa liwiro la makilomita 30 pa ola (pa KamAZ makilomita 80 pa ola).

Chifukwa chokhacho chingawonekere chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwakukulu kwagalimoto nthawi zonse kapena pakuyendetsa galimoto ndi ngolo, kapena mwina chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwamakina wamba.

Chifukwa chake, chotsatira chanu chidzakhala kuyang'ana kowonekera pagawo.

Zisindikizo zamafuta ndi ma flanges, mayendedwe, ma satelayiti (chinthu chofanana ndi nyenyezi muzosiyana) ndi ma shafts awo - zonsezi zimachotsedwa ndikuwunikidwa, ngati zitavala - zimasinthidwa.

Momwe zinthu zonsezi ziyenera kuwoneka, mutha kukhala ndi chidwi ndi malangizo oyendetsera galimoto, ngati simunawatengere kale.

Kwa VAZ, m'malo mwake idzakhala yotsika mtengo, ngati mutatenga galimoto yachilendo, choyamba fufuzani ndi mndandanda wamtengo wapatali.

Tsopano popeza kuti ziwalozo zafufuzidwa ndikupeza kuti zili bwino, timapita ku gulu la gearbox. Choyamba, zida zoyendetsa, shim, spacer yokhala ndi mayendedwe, flange idzapita.

Tsopano muyenera kulimbitsa nati ndi mphamvu inayake, chifukwa cha izi mutha kugwiritsa ntchito wrench yapadera yokhala ndi dynamometer yomangidwa, ngati palibe, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito lever yoyezera nthawi zonse ndi chodula zitsulo. Ma millimeter aliwonse akuyenda kwa lever amayenera kutsagana ndi kuyeza kukakamiza kwake ndi chodulira chitsulo, izi ndizovuta, koma kusamala ndi kulondola ndikofunikira pano.

Mtedza uyenera kumangirizidwa ku torque ya 1 Newton. Pachifukwa ichi, flange iyenera kukhala yosasunthika, imayikidwa ndi kiyi yapadera yokhala ndi ma gaskets oyenerera pamizere ya flange iyi.

Tsopano timayika zida zoyendetsedwa m'malo mwake, mwachitsanzo, m'nyumba zosiyanitsa ndikumangitsa ma bolts. Tsopano kusintha mwachindunji chilolezo kumayamba.

Chilichonse chikayikidwa, mtedzawo umangirizidwa kuti ukhale wocheperako ndipo zida zoyendetsedwa zimazungulira. Ndiye timayang'ana kuti tiwone ngati ili ndi kubwereza pang'ono, chifukwa cha izi timagwedeza mbali ndi mbali.

Payenera kukhala chochita, koma chaching'ono! Uwu ndi mtundu wosungirako wotenthetsera gearbox poyendetsa kuti pasaphulika.

Tsopano gawo lomaliza. Timayang'ana mtunda pakati pa zomangira zomwe zimagwira mtedza womwe tangowumitsa. Gwiritsani ntchito caliper, timafunikira manambala enieni.

Tikayeza mtunda, timayandikira mbali ina ya ndegeyo ndipo tsopano timalimbitsa mtedza, makamaka ndi kuchuluka komweko, mwachitsanzo, ndi 1 spline. Apanso timayesa mtunda pakati pa mabawuti, iyenera kuti idasinthidwa ndi pang'ono pafupifupi 1,5-2 mm.

Ngati ndi choncho, ndiye kuti imayang'anabe zida zamasewera, ndikofunikira kuti zikhale zofanana ndi zomwe tangokhazikitsa. Izi zimamaliza kukhazikitsa.

Kumbuyo nkhwangwa gearbox, chifukwa akhoza kulephera, mmene kukonza ndi kusintha kumbuyo nkhwangwa gearbox

Zida zazikulu ndi kusiyanitsa ndizo zinthu zazikulu za bokosi la giya lakumbuyo. Ntchito ya zida zazikulu ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa magiya pamakina otengera makinawo. M'nkhaniyi, tiyesa kupeza chifukwa kumbuyo chitsulo chogwira ntchito gearbox akhoza kulephera, ndipo tidzayesetsa kuthetsa vutoli tokha.

Chida chochepetsera chitsulo chakumbuyo, chochepetsera chitsulo cham'mbuyo

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, bokosi la gearbox lakumbuyo lili ndi magawo awiri akulu.

Chimodzi mwa zigawozi ndi zida zazikulu.

Malingana ndi chipangizocho, magiya akuluakulu amagawidwa kukhala amodzi ndi awiri.

Kuyendetsa kamodzi komaliza kumatumiza torque kuchokera ku injini yagalimoto kupita ku magudumu kudzera pa magiya awiri.

Chifukwa chake, pagalimoto yomaliza iwiri imakhala ndi magiya awiri. Zida zazikulu ziwiri zimatha kukhala zapakati (zojambula zosavuta, zimakhala ndi chiŵerengero chachikulu cha gear, komanso katundu wambiri pazinthu za dongosolo) ndi kupatukana (ichi ndi chojambula chovuta kwambiri, chimakhala chophatikizika komanso chogwira ntchito, compactness imakulolani kuti muwonjezere chilolezo cha galimoto).

• Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane magiya akuluakulu, amabwera mosiyanasiyana:
• - pamene zida zili mu ndege yamadzi, magiya akuluakulu amodzi amatchedwa ma spur gear. Magiyawa ali ndi magwiridwe antchito kwambiri komanso magiya kuyambira 3,5 mpaka 4,2;
• - ngati magiya ali perpendicular kwa wina ndi mzake, ndiye kuti ma drive amodzi omalizawa amatchedwa magiya a bevel. Magiya a bevel amakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, koma amakhala ochulukirapo ndipo amatenga malo ambiri;
• "Magiya osavuta a nyongolotsi ndi opanda phokoso komanso ophatikizika. Zowonongeka zimaphatikizapo kuchepa kwachangu komanso zovuta kupanga mapangidwe;

- Ma drive omaliza a hypoid amodzi ndi ochepa, kotero mapangidwe ake ndi opepuka. Kutumiza kotereku kumasamutsa mphamvu kuchokera ku injini kupita ku ekseli yakumbuyo, koma kumakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri.

Gawo lotsatira la bokosi la giya lakumbuyo ndilosiyana.

Kusiyanitsa kumayang'anizana ndi ntchito yogawa torque pakati pa magudumu oyendetsa ndi ma axles oyendetsa.

Ngati galimoto iyamba kugwedezeka kapena kugwedezeka, kusiyanako kudzathandiza mothandizidwa ndi mawilo osiyanasiyana.

Kumbuyo axle gearbox, chifukwa akhoza kulephera

Ulalo wofooka, chifukwa bokosi la gear limatha kulephera poyamba, ndiye mayendedwe, mayendedwe okha amapangidwa ndi mkuwa ndipo ali m'matangadza, masitonkeni amamangiriridwa mwachindunji ku gearbox.

Ngati kubereka kulephera, masitonkeni amalephera moyenerera. Zonsezi zimapangitsa kupindika kwa shaft, ndipo chifukwa cha kupindika kwa shaft, zida zazikulu zimatha kupunduka.

Magiya a helical amatha kuyambitsa mano osweka kapena kung'ambika. Pachifukwa ichi, gearbox yokha imatha kupanikizana, ndipo pamene shaft imatsetsereka, imatha kuswa nyumba ya gearbox.

Akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti ngati mafuta sanawonjezedwe ku gearbox yakumbuyo ya giya mu nthawi, kusowa kwamafuta kapena mafuta otsika chifukwa chakusintha mwadzidzidzi kungayambitse kulephera kwa gearbox. Mwini galimoto sayenera kuiwala nthawi yokonza ndi kusintha mafuta pa 35 km iliyonse.

Bokosi la gearbox lakumbuyo, momwe mungadziwire kusokonekera ndikudzikonza nokha

Ngati phokoso intermittently kumachitika m`dera la chitsulo chogwirizira kumbuyo pamene galimoto amanyamula liwiro, pa mabuleki olemera kapena ngodya, ndiye n'kutheka kuti mu gearbox pali vuto linalake.

Onaninso: Momwe mungadziwire mtundu wa alamu ya alligator? 3 njira zosavuta

Oyendetsa galimoto omwe amachita zonse ndi manja awo adzatha kukonzanso gearbox ya kumbuyo.

Tiyeni titenge chitsanzo cha galimoto ya VAZ yapamwamba.

Timayika m'chitsime, kukhetsa mafuta a gear kuchokera ku gearbox ya kumbuyo, kwezani kumbuyo kwa galimoto ndi jack, konzani bwino.

1. Kuphatikiza:
2. - chotsani cardan, atalemba kale malo a cardan;
3. - kuchotsa mawilo kumbuyo;
4. - kuchotsa ng'oma braking;

- kumasula tsinde la axle;

• - masulani ma bolts a gearbox ndi mlatho;
• -chotsani gearbox yokha;
• - khazikitsani gearbox yatsopano, gwiritsani ntchito sealant mukamagwira ntchito ndikuyika gasket yatsopano yamakatoni.
• Kenako, timagwira ntchito mobwerezabwereza, kutsanulira mafuta mu gearbox.

Timatchera chidwi kwambiri ndi flange ya gearbox ndi mayendedwe, zonse ziyenera kugwera m'malo mwake.

Posakhalitsa nkhaniyo imawerengedwa, koma osati nthawi yomweyo, ntchitoyo ikangotha. Kuchotsa ng'oma za brake kungakhale kovuta.

Panthawi yogwira ntchito, makutidwe ndi okosijeni amatha kuchitika pamalo ano ndipo chitsulocho chikhoza kupanikizidwa (kuwotchedwa) ndi mphamvu yaikulu).

Momwe mungachotsere ng'oma ya brake popanda kuiwononga, onani kanema:

Rear axle gearbox, momwe mungasinthire

Ngati mukuvutitsidwa ndi phokoso lakumbuyo la gearbox, phokosoli nthawi zambiri limawoneka pa liwiro la 30 km / h.

1. Kung'ung'udza kumatha chifukwa cholemetsa kwambiri, kukokera ngolo, kapena kuwonongeka kwamakina.
2. Kung'ung'udza kumawoneka, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana bokosi la gear.
3. Ngati chigawo chilichonse (zisindikizo, flanges, ma bearings, ma satellites ndi ma shafts awo) chatha, zinthu zonsezi ziyenera kuchotsedwa, kuyang'aniridwa ndi kusinthidwa ndi zatsopano.

• Pambuyo poyang'ana tsatanetsatane, timapitiriza kusonkhanitsa gearbox motere:
• - choyamba kukhazikitsa zida zoyendetsa;
• - kusintha washer;
• - malaya a spacer okhala ndi zimbalangondo;
• - flange.
• Mtedzawu umangirizidwa mwamphamvu ndi wrench yapadera, yomwe ili ndi dynamometer yomangidwa.

1. Mtedza uyenera kumangirizidwa ndi torque ya 1N, flange iyenera kukhazikika (yokhazikika ndi wrench yapadera yokhala ndi ma gaskets).
2. Pambuyo polimbitsa nati, ikani zida zoyendetsedwa (muzosiyana) ndikumangitsa mabawuti.
3. Tsopano muyenera kusintha kusiyana.
4. Mukayika makina onse, mtedza uyenera kumangirizidwa mpaka kuyimitsidwa pang'ono ndikutembenuza zida zoyendetsedwa.
5. Timatchera khutu pang'ono pang'ono, chifukwa cha izi timatembenuza zida mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo.
6. Zimenezo ziyenera kukhala zovomerezeka, koma zazing'ono.
7. Pakusuntha, nyumba ya gearbox imatenthedwa, ndipo kasewero kakang'ono kamapanga malo kuti chitsulo chikule.
8. Gawo lomaliza likuyandikira.
9. Mtunda pakati pa ma bolts umayang'aniridwa ndi caliper, zonse ziyenera kugwirizana ndendende, mtedza uyenera kumangirizidwa ndi kuchuluka komweko kuti pasakhale kupotoza, kumangitsa pang'onopang'ono, mwachitsanzo, mu poyambira.

Timayang'ana kumbuyo kwa zida, titatha kulimbitsa ma bolts, kubwereranso kuyenera kukhalabe komweko komwe mumayikira.

Mwatha, zikomo!

Zomwe zimakhudza kumbuyo kwa gearbox ndi momwe mungasinthire

Kugwira ntchito kwa bokosi la gear kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse, chifukwa kuwonongeka kwake kungathe kulepheretsa shaft ya cardan. Muyeneranso kuyang'anira mafuta a gear nthawi zonse ndikusintha nthawi zonse. M'nkhaniyi ndikuuzani momwe gearbox imagwirira ntchito, momwe mungadziwire bwino, kusintha ndi kukonza.

Chida cha Gearbox

Bokosi la giya lakumbuyo limakhudzidwa ndi kusamutsa mphamvu kuchokera ku injini kupita kumawilo. Zigawo zazikulu za bokosi la gear ndi: zida zazikulu (GP) ndi kusiyana kwa ma axle. Mothandizidwa ndi bokosi la gear, liwiro lozungulira limasintha pamene mphamvu imasamutsidwa kuchoka ku chipangizo china kupita ku china. Mapangidwe a gearbox ndi ofanana ndi magalimoto osiyanasiyana.

Gearbox ili ndi magawo awa:

• magiya oyendetsa ndi oyendetsedwa;
• chipini chowongolera;
• zotupa;
• ng'oma;
• zimbalangondo ndi zokwera zake;
• kutseka mbale;
• kupuma;
• nzimbe ndi zina zambiri.

Zida zazikulu zimakhala ndi magiya awiri: kutsogolo ndi kuyendetsa. Chifukwa chakuti ali mu giya ya hypoid, mano a gear amakhala ndi kutsetsereka kwautali wabwino. Chifukwa chake, moyo wautumiki umakulitsidwa ndipo phokoso pakugwira ntchito kwa gearbox limachepetsedwa.

Mphamvu ya injini imaperekedwa koyamba ku giya yoyendetsa ndiyeno kupita ku zida zoyendetsedwa. Chifukwa cha torque iyi, kukula kwa nthawiyo ndi mayendedwe ake amasintha.

GP ikhoza kukhala imodzi komanso iwiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito potumiza torque ya injini kumawilo. Kutumiza kawiri kumagawidwa pakati ndi mipata.

Pawiri, katundu wamkulu amagwera pazinthu za dongosolo, ali ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha gear ndipo ndi osavuta kupanga.

Magiya osiyanasiyana amakulolani kuti muwonjezere chilolezo chapansi, koma ndizovuta kwambiri, zowonjezereka komanso zogwira mtima.

Kupatsirana kumodzi kungakhale:

1. cylindrical. Pankhaniyi, magiya ali mu ndege yomweyo, ali ndi mphamvu zambiri;
2. hypoid - ali ndi kulemera pang'ono, miyeso yaying'ono yonse komanso kuchita bwino;
3. conical. Pankhaniyi, magiya amakonzedwa perpendicular kwa wina ndi mzake, chifukwa chake mapangidwe amatenga malo ambiri. Ali ndi mphamvu zambiri;
4. nyongolotsi. Ndi yaying'ono, imayenda mwakachetechete, koma imakhala yotsika kwambiri.

Makina odziwika kwambiri a hypoid. Mukayang'anitsitsa zida izi, mutha kuwona kuti mano ake ali pamtunda pang'ono wina ndi mnzake.

Izi zimachepetsa katundu pa mano ndikuonetsetsa kuti ntchito yosalala ndi yabata.

Kusiyana kwa cross-axle kumagwira ntchito limodzi ndi galimoto yomaliza. Zimaphatikizapo zida zoyendetsedwa, zida zam'mbali ndi zida za pulaneti. Kupyolera mu giya yoyendetsedwa, mphamvu ya injini imatumizidwa ku ma axle shafts, omwe amawatumiza kumawilo.

Chifukwa chake, kusiyanako kumagwira ntchito yogawa mphamvu pakati pa ma axle shafts, kuwalola kuti azizungulira pa liwiro losiyana posintha njira. Mfundo imeneyi imagwiranso ntchito pamagalimoto oyendetsa kumbuyo.

Mapangidwe awa atsimikizira kuti ndi otetezeka komanso okhoza kugwira ntchito m'malo ovuta kwambiri.

Diagnostics ndi kusintha / kukonza

Bokosi lakumbuyo la axle limakhala ndi nkhawa kwambiri, chifukwa chake liyenera kusonkhanitsidwa bwino komanso lopanda zilema. Pokhapokha pamene izi zidzatha nthawi yaitali. Moyo wautumiki wa gearbox umatengera chisamaliro chake, komanso kusintha kwa bokosi la gearbox lakumbuyo.

Maziko a matenda a nkhwangwa kumbuyo gearbox ndi phokoso amene anaonekera kumbuyo galimoto. Ichi chikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha kuvala kwa chipangizo. Ngati phokoso la phokoso likuwoneka, izi zikusonyeza kuti gearbox yakhala yosagwiritsidwa ntchito ndipo imafuna kukonzanso kwakukulu, kumene pafupifupi mbali zonse ziyenera kusinthidwa.

Pofuna kupewa matendawa, ndikofunikira kuti muzindikire matendawa munthawi yake pakaphokoso kakang'ono.

Monga lamulo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya phokoso imawonekera pa liwiro linalake. Pamtundu uliwonse waphokoso, mutha kudziwa zopatuka ndi zigawo ziti kapena misonkhano yomwe imalumikizidwa nayo.

Ngati phokoso likuwonekera kumbuyo kwa chitsulo, fufuzani momwe ma axle ndi gearbox alili m'njira zosiyanasiyana zoyendetsa galimoto: kuyendetsa kuchokera pamalo oima, kuthamanga, kuyendetsa mofulumira, ndi zina zotero.

Phokoso pa mayesero amenewa akhoza kugawidwa mu mitundu iyi:

• phokoso lokhazikika kuchokera ku mawilo akumbuyo;
• phokoso pa mathamangitsidwe galimoto;
• phokoso pamene mukugunda (kusuntha pang'onopang'ono);
• phokoso mosinthanasinthana.

Pambuyo pozindikira mwa kusintha njira zoyendetsera galimoto, mukhoza kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli ndipo pafupifupi kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa ntchito yokonza.

Ngati gearbox sikugwira ntchito, pali njira ziwiri zothetsera vutoli: m'malo mwa msonkhano wonse kapena kupeza gawo lolakwika ndikusintha. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito m'malo mwake, mudzafunika zida zokhazikika.

Choyamba, m'pofunika kukhetsa mafuta kuchokera ku nyumba ya unit. Kuti muchite izi, masulani pulagi yokhetsa pansi pa ekisi yakumbuyo. Kenako, mawilo akumbuyo, ng'oma za brake ndi mapepala amachotsedwa. Ma axle shaft bearings amamasulidwa ndi socket wrench.

Kenako ma axle shaft amachotsedwa.

Pochotsa driveshaft, pali zinthu zina. Musanayambe kumasula zomangira zomwe zikugwira tsinde, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana malo a cardan flange ndi chochepetsera chocheperako kuti muwakhazikitse bwino pakukonzanso kuti mupewe kusamvana. Posonkhanitsa mtedza, muyenera kuwasintha ndi atsopano kuti asafooke komanso kuti driveshaft isathyoke pamene galimoto ikuyenda.

Tsopano, pogwiritsa ntchito socket wrench, zomangira sizimadulidwa zomwe gearbox imamangiriridwa pamlatho. Pambuyo pa njira zonsezi, mutha kuchotsa chipika chakale ndikuyika chatsopano m'malo mwake, kapena chokonzedwa ndipo mutha kusintha bokosi la gear. Assembly kuyenera kuchitidwa ndendende motsatira dongosolo. Mafuta ayenera kudzazidwa ndi atsopano.

Kusintha kwa bokosi la gearbox lakumbuyo kumachitika pamene hum imawonekera m'mawilo akumbuyo. Chifukwa cha hum kungakhale nthawi zonse katundu pa galimoto kapena mawotchi kuwonongeka.

Ndikoyenera kuyamba ndi kuyang'ana mwatsatanetsatane mwatsatanetsatane. Ma bearings, zisindikizo zamafuta, ma satelayiti, ma flanges ndi ma shaft amachotsedwa pamakina. Ziwalo zonse ziyenera kutsukidwa ndi palafini ndikuwunikidwa mowonekera.

Ngati dzino limodzi lawonongeka, gawolo liyenera kusinthidwa ndi latsopano.

Pambuyo poyang'ana ndikusintha magawo, gearbox imasonkhanitsidwa. Choyamba, zida zoyendetsa zimayikidwa ndi kiyi, spacer, fani ndi flange. Kulimbitsa nati, wrench yapadera yokhala ndi dynamometer yomangidwa imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mtedza uyenera kumangidwa mpaka 1 Newton.

Kenako, zida zoyendetsedwa zimayikidwa m'nyumba zosiyanitsira ndipo ma bolts amamangika. Tsopano muyenera kusintha kusiyana. Zonse zikayikidwa, mtedza uyenera kumangirizidwa pang'ono. Pambuyo pake, kapoloyo amazungulira, ndiyeno timayang'ana kumbuyo kwazing'ono.

Zimafunika ngati malo osungira pamene gearbox imatenthedwa, kotero kuti palibe chomwe chimaphulika panthawi yoyenda.

        

Pamapeto pake, mtunda wonse pakati pa mabawuti omwe akugwira mtedza amawunikidwa. Pambuyo poyang'ana mtunda ndi caliper, mtedzawu umalimbikitsidwa ndi kuchuluka komweko kuchokera kumbuyo kwa ndege.

Nthawi yomweyo, timayang'ana nthawi zonse mtunda pakati pa mabawuti, sayenera kusintha ndi kupitirira 1,5-2 mm. Ngati zonse zili bwino, yang'anani zida zomwe zayikidwa kachiwiri, ziyenera kukhala zofanana ndi zomwe taziyika.

Izi zimamaliza kukhazikitsa.

Kanema "Kusintha ma gearbox akumbuyo"

Chojambulirachi chikuwonetsa njira yachikale yosinthira ma gearbox a magalimoto oyendetsa kumbuyo pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera.

Rear axle gearbox: kukonza, kusinthira ndi chipangizo, momwe mungachotsere, kusokonekera: nyumba, crankcase ndi gear ratio zimang'ung'udza kapena kutentha

Tikuyang'ana olemba awiri a webusaiti yathu omwe ali odziwa bwino kwambiri mapangidwe amakono a galimoto. Titumizireni imelo [e-mail].

Onaninso: Zomwe zili mu gawo la gsm Starline a91 ndi a93: mawonekedwe, zabwino 8, kukhazikitsa ndi kasinthidwe

Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakupatsirana kwagalimoto ndi bokosi la gearbox lakumbuyo. Amathandizira kutumiza torque kuchokera ku injini ndi gearbox kupita ku mawilo.

Cholinga ndi chipangizo

Thandizo lakumbuyo limayikidwa pamagalimoto onse, ndipo pafupifupi theka la magalimoto omwe amatchedwanso classics. Ntchito zazikuluzikulu zogwirira ntchito kumbuyo, makamaka kuthandizira kwa ma axle shafts a mawilo ndi gearbox yophatikizidwamo, ndi:

• kufala kwa torque kuchokera ku gearbox kupita ku mawilo;
• kutembenuka pafupipafupi kwa torque;
• kuzungulira kwa chakudya ndi 90 °;
• kugawa torque kutengera katundu pa mawilo.

Kwenikweni, msonkhano wonse wakumbuyo wa axle uli ndi:

• gearbox;
• ma semi-axes awiri;
• ma wheel hubs

Chipangizo cha bokosi lakumbuyo la giya, malingana ndi chitsanzo cha galimoto, chikhoza kusiyana pang'ono, koma mulimonsemo, zigawo zotsatirazi ndi njira zidzakhalapo:

• nyumba gearbox;
• kutumiza flange;
• main gear mechanism (GP);
• zida zapaplaneti zokhala ndi kusiyana kodzitsekera pakati.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa zida za gearbox yakumbuyo ya axle. Izi zitha kuwonedwa mwa kukweza galimoto pamalo osalowerera ndale, kutembenuza driveshaft ndendende nthawi 10. Pankhaniyi, gudumu limodzi liyenera kutsekedwa, ndipo kutengera chachiwiri, kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa kusintha, kugawanitsa nthawi 10 zomwezo, mudzapeza chiŵerengero cha gear cha gearbox.

zotheka malfunctions, njira matenda awo ndi kuchotsa

Kumbuyo ekseli gearbox ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zodzaza galimoto. Kugwira ntchito movutikira kosalekeza kumakhala zoyambitsa zachilengedwe zakusokonekera kwa ma axle gearbox yakumbuyo.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za kusagwira ntchito bwino ndi izi:

• mawonekedwe a kugogoda kumbuyo giya gearbox kumayambiriro kwa kayendedwe;
• chikhalidwe pamene gwero la giya lakumbuyo likung'ung'udza pamene mukuyendetsa;
• kuwonjezeka kwamphamvu;
• kufuula kapena kulira kwafupipafupi;
• chikhalidwe pamene giya giya giya lakumbuyo ndi kutentha kwambiri.

Kugogoda kumayambiriro kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwekazi ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kawiri kawiri Magiya omaliza amathanso kugogoda chifukwa cha kusewera. Apa mudzafunika kusintha kwathunthu kwa gearbox yakumbuyo.

Kung'ung'udza ndi kulira mukuyendetsa kumawonetsa kuvala kwambiri kwa mayendedwe, magiya kapena kulephera kwa masiyanidwe, pomwe kukonzanso pang'ono kwa giya lakumbuyo ndikokwanira.

Ngati gearbox yayamba kung'ung'udza kapena kulira ndipo yatentha kwambiri, ndiye kuti palibe mafuta okwanira kapena kutayikira kwamafuta.

Kukonzekera kwa gearbox

Ntchito yonse yokonza gearbox ndi ntchito yovuta, makamaka ndi manja anu.

Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti nkhwangwa kumbuyo nkhwangwa ndi lolemera, ndipo ngakhale kuchotsa gearbox yaing'ono VAZ kumbuyo chitsulo chogwira ntchito adzafunika osachepera atatu.

M'pofunika kuganizira mosamala ntchito yonseyo, momwe mungachotsere gearbox kuchokera kumbuyo. Kotero kukula kwake kwa kuchepetsa, kumakhala kovuta kwambiri njira yonseyo.

Opaleshoni yoyamba idzakhala kuchotsedwa kwa gearbox kuchokera kumbuyo kwa chitsulo choyendetsa galimoto, chomwe chidzachitike motere:

1. sequentially masulani bawuti iliyonse kuchokera ku kulumikizana ndi ma flanges;
2. timapanga zilembo zofananira pamtengo wa cardan ndi flange ya gearbox kuti tisunge nthawi yokhazikika;
3. kukhetsa mafuta m'nyumba ya gearbox;
4. masulani ma bolts m'mabokosi okwera ndikuchotsa msonkhano wonse wa mlatho;
5. kupatukana kwa nkhwangwa.

Ndikwabwino kuyika disassembly ya giya la giya lakumbuyo kwa katswiri.

Ngati ntchito disassembly palokha, ambiri, losavuta, ndiye msonkhano ndi kusintha adzafunika thandizo lapadera pa kukonzanso gwero kumbuyo gearboxes.

Ndikulimbikitsidwanso kuti pa nthawi yoyambira kukonzanso zojambula za gearbox ya kumbuyo kwa chitsulo, pomwe miyeso yonse yolumikizana, kulolerana ndi kukwanira zidzawonetsedwa.

Kugwetsa gearbox palokha sikovuta: zokwanira disassemble zonse motsatizana, kumasula ndi kuchotsa, mpaka kumbuyo nkhwangwa ya gearbox nyumba, amene, monga mbali zonse serviceable, kutsukidwa ndi kutsukidwa dothi. Ntchito yokhayo pa disassembly yomwe imafuna kulondola kwambiri idzakhala nthawi yomwe muyenera kuchotsa zisindikizo ndi gasket, ndi bwino kuzisunga.

Ngati ntchitoyo inali yokonza gearbox, timasintha ziwalo zosweka ngati zitawonongeka ndi zatsopano.

Kusonkhana kwa bokosi la gearbox lakumbuyo kuyenera kuchitidwa motsatira ndondomeko, pamene muyenera kudziwa momwe mungakhazikitsire mbali zazikuluzikulu komanso momwe mungasinthire bwino. Pamsonkhano, chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa ku zochitika zotsatirazi ndi zosintha, monga:

• kukhazikitsa zosiyana;
• malo a nkhwangwa za makina otsekera ndi njira yokhazikitsira manja otsogolera;
• ma torque owonjezera a tsinde;
• kulimbitsa makokedwe a mtedza wosiyanasiyana wa shaft.

Mukasonkhanitsa chitsulo chakumbuyo ndikuchiyika pamakina, musaiwale kudzaza mafuta atsopano amtundu wa TAD omwe adapangidwira izi.

Ngati ntchito zonse unsembe ndi kusintha zinachitidwa molondola, kumbuyo chitsulo chogwira ntchito gearbox adzakhala wina 200-300 zikwi makilomita pa galimoto.

Ngati muli ndi mafunso, asiyeni mu ndemanga pansipa. Ife kapena alendo athu tidzasangalala kuwayankha.

Zizindikiro za nkhwangwa yoyipa yakutsogolo

Mndandanda wa zovuta zonse zomwe zingatheke pazitsulo zakutsogolo ndizochulukirapo, zazikuluzikulu ndi izi: ulusi wokwezera magudumu ovunda, mipando yonyamulira yovula kapena kusintha kolakwika, zovala za kingpin, kupotoza kwa mtengo, komanso mtengo wopindika - zonsezi zimatsogolera ku kuphwanya gudumu mayikidwe ngodya, ndipo chifukwa chake, kuyendetsa kumakhala kovuta.

Zizindikiro, zomwe zimayambitsa ndi machiritso a kulephera kwa nsonga yakutsogolo

Chizindikiro: Phokoso lanthawi zonse pakadutsa mlatho
Choyambitsa	Kuthetsa mavuto
Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu kwa kuvala kapena kusalongosoka	Kusintha ma bere okalamba kapena kusintha akale
Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kapena kuwonongeka kwa ma beya opatsirana	Kukonza ma gearbox ndikusintha magawo owonongeka kapena kusintha kwathunthu kwa gearbox
Kupanda mafuta mu crankcase	Onani kuchuluka kwa mafuta, onjezerani ngati kuli kofunikira, fufuzani ngati akutuluka
Mkati chisindikizo chobala kuwonongeka	Kusintha mayendedwe
Chizindikiro: Phokoso likamathamanga kapena kukamabuleki mwamphamvu
Choyambitsa	Kuthetsa mavuto
Vuto ndi kusintha komaliza kwa zida zoyendetsa	Sinthani udindo
Kubwereranso kwa mawilo a gear pakusintha kwakukulu kwasweka	Sinthani hitch clearance
Zida zoyendetsa zimakhala ndi masewera ambiri	Kusintha chilolezo, mayendedwe angafunikire kusinthidwa
Chizindikiro: Kugogoda pamene ukuyamba kuyenda
Choyambitsa	Kuthetsa mavuto
Bowo la axis ya ma satelayiti mu nyumba zosiyana zatha	Kukonza kapena kusinthira nyumba yosiyana ndi shaft ya zida
Chizindikiro: Kutuluka kwamafuta kosalekeza
Choyambitsa	Kuthetsa mavuto
Zisindikizo zowonongeka kapena zowonongeka	Kusintha kwa zisindikizo zamafuta ndi zatsopano
Chisindikizo cha mafuta owonongeka m'nyumba ya hinge	Kusintha chisindikizo ndi chatsopano
Ma gaskets owonongeka amkati kapena zovundikira zamkati za hinge	Yang'anani mtedza ndi ma bolts, sinthani ma gaskets ngati kuli kofunikira

• 

• 

• Payokha, ndi bwino kusonyeza kusokonekera kwa nkhwangwa kutsogolo lophimba, chifukwa si aliyense amalabadira izo, ndipo zingayambitse mavuto okwanira kwa eni galimoto.

Kodi switch axle yakutsogolo ndi kuti ndipo ili kuti

Kusintha kwa ekseli yakutsogolo

ichi ndi chipangizo chomwe chimayang'anira kuphatikizidwa kwa magudumu onse, omwe amapereka chizindikiro kuti agwirizane ndi kusiyana kwa axle kutsogolo.

Chophimba chakutsogolo chimakhala pa dashboard.

Ikayatsidwa, njira yoyendetsera magudumu onse imatsegulidwa.

Dongosolo loterolo limagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi oyendetsedwa ndi magudumu anayi, mosiyana ndi makina, omwe amayendetsedwa ndi lever yofanana ndi lever ya gear ndipo ili pansi pagalimoto.

Madalaivala ena amakonda makina chifukwa zimatha kutenga nthawi kuti ma transmission azitha kugwira ntchito. Ngati kufalitsa kwamagetsi sikukugwira ntchito, chifukwa chake chikhoza kukhala cholumikizira cholakwika chakutsogolo.

Kusokonekera kwa ekseli yakutsogolo ndikuchotsa kwake

1. Ngati cholumikizira chakutsogolo chang'ambika, kugunda pang'onopang'ono kwa ekseli yakutsogolo kungapangitse galimoto kuti itseke m'matope, mchenga, kapena chipale chofewa.
2. Njira yothetsera mavuto:
3. 1) yambitsani kusokonekera kwa chosinthira chakutsogolo;
   
   2) chotsani chosinthira cholakwika;
   
   3) fufuzani ntchito ya chosinthira anaika pamaso kutsitsa poyimitsa;
4. 4) yang'anani kuphatikizidwa kwa magudumu onse panthawi yoyeserera pamsewu.
5. ayamikira

Kusintha kwa axle yakutsogolo si gawo loti liwunikidwe pakukonza pafupipafupi. Ikhoza kulephera zonse kuchokera ku ntchito pafupipafupi komanso mosayembekezereka. Ngati mukukayikira kuti AWD yagalimotoyo sichitapo kanthu chifukwa chakusintha kwa ekisi yakutsogolo kolakwika, yang'anani chosinthiracho ndipo mwina m'malo mwake mulowe m'malo ndi makaniko.

Chophimba chakutsogolo chiyenera kusinthidwa pamene AWD yatsala pang'ono kugwa kapena sichichita konse.

Kodi ndikofunikira kuthetsa vutoli

Ngati mumayendetsa galimoto makamaka pa asphalt, mumsewu wabwino mawonekedwe amtunduwu siwovuta. Komabe, ngati mukukhala m'dera lomwe kuli chipale chofewa kwambiri kapena kusangalala ndi kuyendetsa galimoto popanda msewu, muyenera kupewa zinthu zomwe zingafune kuti mugwiritse ntchito XNUMXWD musanalowe m'malo mwa axle shifter.

Uzani anzanu za nkhaniyi - chifukwa zingakhale zothandiza osati kwa inu nokha

Kuwonongeka kwa bokosi la gearbox lakumbuyo ndi disassembly yake

Kamangidwe ka nkhwangwa kumbuyo VAZ, Mbawala, Sobol ndi zina zotero amatanthauza kukhalapo kwa gearbox pa izo. Node iyi imasamutsa torque, imasintha njira yake. Zonsezi zimaperekedwa ku magiya ambiri, mayendedwe, masiyanidwe.

Zosokoneza zoyambira kumbuyo

Monga mbali ina iliyonse yovuta ya galimoto, giya giya giya giya giya wa giya amafunikira kukonzedwa nthawi zonse, komanso kukonza zida zotha.

Chizindikiro cha gearbox yolakwika chingakhale:

1. kuwonjezereka kwa phokoso la chitsulo cham'mbuyo. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mtengo, kuvala kwa ma axle shafts ndi magiya, kutayikira kwamafuta. Ngati phokoso lidawonekera mutangotha ​​kukonza bokosi la gearbox lakumbuyo, chifukwa chake ndikusintha kolakwika;
2. phokoso pa mathamangitsidwe galimoto akhoza kukhala ngati chizindikiro cha kuvala kwa mayendedwe osiyana, kuwonongeka kwa mayendedwe a nkhwangwa shafts, mafuta otsika mu gearbox;
3. phokoso pa mathamangitsidwe ndi mabuleki injini. Kuwonongeka kapena kuwonongeka koyipa kwa zida zoyendetsa, kuchotsedwa kolakwika kwa mano a zida zomaliza zoyendetsa;
4. phokoso pamene ngodya zimasonyeza kuvala kwa ma axle shaft bearings, chifukwa chake chingakhalenso kuvala pamwamba pa olamulira a satellites ndi kuzungulira kwawo kolimba;
5. kugogoda poyambira. Kusiyana kwa spline kugwirizana kwa shaft gear shaft ndi flange kwawonjezeka, kusiyana pakati pa magiya omaliza oyendetsa galimoto kwawonjezeka, dzenje la satellite shaft mu kusiyana lagwedezeka.

Onaninso: Momwe mungasungire ndalama pagalimoto? Zosankha za 5 ndi malangizo 7 othandiza

Kuti muzindikire kusayenda bwino kwa bokosi la gearbox lakumbuyo koyambirira, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muziyang'ana nthawi ndi nthawi kuti muwone kuchucha kwamafuta, kuwonongeka kwakunja ndi mapindikidwe, kumvera kugogoda ndi mawu akunja.

Kuzindikira kulephera kutumiza mwachangu kungapulumutse ndalama zambiri. Ngati gawo limodzi likulephera, izi zidzapangitsa kuti magawo ena alephereke.

Choncho, kutayikira mafuta pa mlatho chifukwa kutayikira kwa stuffing bokosi kungachititse kuti m'malo awiri waukulu.

Onetsetsani kuti mukuwerenga

Kuyang'ana mlingo wa mafuta opatsirana

Chifukwa cha kuvala kwa ma bearings, kusewera kumawoneka mu gearbox yakumbuyo ya axle, zomwe zingakhudze masiyanidwewo. Kukonza mlatho n'kofunika pambuyo 100-150 zikwi Km, chizindikiritso ndi m'malo magiya anatha, mayendedwe analephera.

Kukonza zida zakumbuyo

Kukonza ndi kusintha kwa ma transmission kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi anthu oyenerera omwe amamvetsetsa momwe zimagwirira ntchito komanso momwe zimagwirira ntchito. Ndipotu, ngati gearbox molakwika kusintha pambuyo kukonza, ndiye patapita nthawi yochepa pangakhale koyenera kuti m'malo mbali zina kachiwiri.

Komabe, tiyeni tione mwachidule ndondomeko kugwetsa gearbox ku chitsulo chogwira kumbuyo ndi chitsanzo cha Gazelle Gazelle.

Disassembly wa axle gearbox

Mu gearbox yomwe imayikidwa pa yew, ma bolt omwe amateteza mbale zokhoma amachotsedwa, kenako mbalezo zimachotsedwa. Musanayambe kuchotsa zipewa zonyamula, ndi bwino kuyika chizindikiro kuti musasokonezedwe panthawi ya msonkhano, timachitanso chimodzimodzi kwa mitundu yakunja ya mayendedwe.

Timayang'ana ma bearings okha kuti tiwonetsetse kuti ndi oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mopitilira.

Chilolezo cha ma axle magiya sayenera kupitirira 0,5 mm, ngati ndi yayikulu, ndiye, mwina, nyumba yosiyana iyenera kusinthidwa.

Kenaka, muyenera kuchotsa zida za mapulaneti, kuchotsa ndi kuchotsa mbali ya ma satelayiti.

Timachotsa shaft kuchokera m'nyumba ndikugwedeza mipikisano yamkati ya roller kudzera pa cartridge kapena zitsulo zofewa. Pambuyo poganizira mozama zonse, timakana omwe ali ndi chips, ming'alu.

Msonkhano

Zikachitika kuti mbali zonse za gearbox zikhale zofanana, mutha kudziletsa kuti musinthe chisindikizo chamafuta ndi spacer. Ngati chinthu china chilichonse chapawiri chachikulu chasinthidwa, chowotchera mlengalenga chatsopano chikufunika.

Mphete yamkati ya chonyamulira imakanikizidwa pa shaft ndipo, mutatha kuyika malaya atsopano a spacer, imayikidwa m'nyumba ya gearbox. Titayika bokosi latsopano ndikuyika pa flange, timalimbitsa chilichonse ndi mtedza watsopano.

Timayika zosiyana m'malo, kupotoza zisoti zonyamula.

Kusintha

Yankho la funso mmene kusintha nkhwangwa kumbuyo gearbox si lophweka ndipo amafuna luso linalake. Kusintha kolakwika pambuyo pa msonkhano kudzasokoneza zoyesayesa zanu zonse mutatha kukonza. Chifukwa chake, ngati mulibe chidaliro chonse pa luso lanu, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mulumikizane ndi ntchito yapadera, komwe akatswiri adzachita zosinthazo pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera.

Sitidzalongosola ndondomeko yonse yokonzekera m'nkhaniyi, kalozera wathunthu komanso wowoneka bwino muvidiyoyi.

Mitundu ya zolakwika za gearbox ndi kuchotsedwa kwawo

Ochepetsera ndi chimodzi mwa zipangizo zodalirika chifukwa cha mapangidwe awo achidule komanso kusowa kwa zigawo zosafunika ndi zigawo. Komabe, amalepheranso ngati malamulo oyendetsera ntchito akuphwanyidwa.

Chizindikiro chachikulu cha vutoli ndi phokoso lachilendo. Ngati phokoso lachilendo likuwonekera pakugwira ntchito kwa gearbox, ziyenera kumveka kuti zimagwirizana ndi maonekedwe a malfunctions. Sikoyenera kuyembekezera kukula kwa zovuta, ziyenera kuchotsedwa mwamsanga pambuyo pozindikira. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyimitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zida, kuyendera ndikuzindikira.

Zofunika! Kuti mupewe kutsika, tikulimbikitsidwa kutsatira ndondomeko yokonza bokosi la gearbox, ndondomekoyi imatchulidwa ndi wopanga pazolembazo.

Njira zowunikira

Mawonekedwe	chifukwa
Masiku rhythmic mu gearbox	Kukhala ndi mavuto kapena kuwonongeka kwa mano
Chipangizo kutenthedwa	Mafuta osakwanira, ma torque, kunyamula mavuto
Kukulitsa kwa vibration	Shaft kusanja bwino, maziko osakwanira
Kutayikira mafuta	Kukhetsa dzenje kutsekeka, khafu kusweka, lotayirira chomangira
Kusindikiza mano	Zidazo zapatuka ndi sitepe imodzi, mipata pakati pa awiriwa yawonjezeka
Phokoso lachitsulo lachitsulo limamveka limodzi ndi kugwedezeka	Pali malo ochepa pakati pa mano, ali ndi m'mbali zakuthwa, awiriawiri amatha mosagwirizana
Kugwedezeka kosalekeza ndi kugwedezeka	Mano amavalidwa mosagwirizana ndipo ataya geometry yolondola

Zochita zowonjezera

Poyang'ana chipangizocho, ndi bwino kuyang'ana mfundo zotsatirazi:

• kukhazikika kodalirika kwa mota yamagetsi, shaft yolowera ndi zida zogwirira ntchito;
• mlingo wa mafuta ndi chikhalidwe (chiwerengero cha asidi, kukhuthala, madzi ndi kukhalapo kwa zonyansa);
• chikhalidwe cha mayendedwe ndi kufanana kwa mafuta awo;
• kudalirika kwa malo a gearbox pamunsi.

Zowonongeka zazikulu ndi kuchotsedwa kwawo:

Rhythmic lakuthwa kugogoda mu chipangizo

Ngati kugogoda kwakukulu kumamveka mu gearbox, zomwe zimayambitsa zingakhale:

• kuwonongeka kapena kulephera kwa mayendedwe, momwemo m'pofunika kusintha gawo kapena m'malo ndi chinthu chatsopano;
• kusweka kwa kutembenuka kwa helical kapena mano a gudumu, mutayang'ana ndikuwunika cholakwikacho, torque iyenera kusinthidwa kapena kusinthidwa.

Gearbox nthawi zonse kutenthedwa

Ngati chipangizocho chikawotcha pamwamba pa zomwe wopanga amapanga, pangakhale zifukwa zitatu:

• kupanikizana kumachitika polumikizana, pamenepa ndikofunikira kuchepetsa katundu pa chipangizocho mpaka malo ogwirira ntchito akutsutsana;
• zitsulo za gearbox zatha mphamvu zawo kapena zatha, choncho ziyenera kusinthidwa kapena kusinthidwa;
• mulibe mafuta okwanira mu gearbox, zomwe muyenera kuwonjezera.

Chipangizocho chimagwira ntchito ndi kugwedezeka kowonjezereka

Zifukwa zowonjezera kugwedezeka pakugwira ntchito kungakhale:

• kuphwanya malangizo a olamulira kutsinde ya galimoto yamagetsi, makina ogwira ntchito kapena gearbox, mu nkhani iyi, zinthu ayenera kusintha kuthetsa misalignment;
• maziko ali ndi kusasunthika kosakwanira, kumafunika kulimbikitsidwa.

Kutuluka kwa mafuta

Kutaya kwamafuta kumatha kudziwika pamalo pomwe zovundikirazo zimakwanira kapena kudzera pamagaskets. Zifukwa zingakhale:

• dzenje lakuda latsekedwa mu deflector, pamenepa pulagi iyenera kutsukidwa ndikutsukidwa ndi mafuta a palafini;
• ma bolts okwera ndi omasuka, amafunika kumangika;
• chisindikizo chatha, chiyenera kusinthidwa ndi chinthu chatsopano.

Ndondomeko ya ntchito

Ngati malfunctions apezeka, chitani izi:

• disassemble gearbox;
• yeretsani zinthu zonse ku zoipitsidwa;
• kukonza kapena kusintha magawo;
• kusonkhanitsa chipangizo;
• fufuzani gearbox kuti igwire ntchito.

Zofunika! Ntchito yodziyimira pawokha ndizotheka ndi luso lofunikira, zida ndi zida zapamwamba zosinthira. Apo ayi, ntchitoyi iyenera kuperekedwa kwa akatswiri.

Ambiri chifukwa cha kulephera

Chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kwamphamvu, bolt yokonzekera imachotsedwa pa gearbox. Opanga ena asankha kuthetsa vutoli mwa kusintha mapangidwe a chipangizocho.

Mu zitsanzo zotere, thupi limakhala ndi magawo awiri, momwe zikhomo zimapangidwira kuti zipange bawuti, zomwe zimawonjezera kudalirika kwa kukhazikika.

Ma gearbox omwe ali ndi mapangidwe awa ayesedwa kale ndipo adziwonetsa bwino akugwira ntchito, choncho, ngakhale mutagula, muyenera kumvetsera mapangidwe a bolt.

Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa makina oyendetsa axle

Zowonongeka zazikulu zitha kukhala: kuvala kwa mano a giya, mayendedwe, ma axle shaft splines, magawo osiyanitsira, kusweka kwa mano a giya, axle shaft torsion, axle shaft flange stud stud kapena kumasula mtedza wake, kutulutsa kwamafuta kudzera pazisindikizo zamafuta ndi ma gaskets.

Zizindikiro za kulephera kapena kuvala kwa zigawo zazikulu ndikugogoda kapena kuwonjezereka kwa phokoso mu axle gearbox pamene galimoto ikuyenda. Kulowa kwamafuta munjira za brake kumawonetsa kuvala kwa ma axle shaft seals. Kuvala kwa mano a gear kumapangitsa kuwonjezeka kwa backlash mu meshing awo.

Zigawo zowonongeka ndi zowonongeka ziyenera kusinthidwa. Ngati pazifukwa izi zida zazikulu ndi zosiyanitsa zimaphwanyidwa, ndiye kuti msonkhano wawo wotsatira ndi kusintha kwa magiya a bevel ndi mayendedwe amachitika m'malo ogulitsa ndi akatswiri odziwa zambiri.

Zowonongeka zazikulu ndi njira zowathetsera zaperekedwa mu Table 9.2.

Table 9.2 - Zowonongeka zazikulu zamakina oyendetsa ma axle

Choyambitsa	Kuthetsa mavuto
Phokoso lokhazikika poyendetsa galimoto
Kuvala kwambiri kapena kuwonongeka kwa ma giya otayirira Kuvala kolimba kwamafuta Kusakwanira mulingo wamafuta m'nyumba za ekisilo	Bwezerani magiya onse Limbikitsani mtedza woteteza ma bere ku ma shaft Bweretsani ma berelo, sinthani kuyikanso pakuyika Onani mulingo, pamwamba mpaka momwe mumakhalira.
Kuwonjezeka kwaphokoso poyendetsa galimoto pa liwiro la 30 - 60 km / h
Pad yolumikizira ya magiya a bevel a giya yayikulu imasunthidwa kupita ku gawo lalikulu la mano a zida zoyendetsedwa ndi bevel.	Sinthani chinkhoswe molingana ndi chigamba cholumikizana
Phokoso potembenuza kapena kutsetsereka galimoto
Zovala zosiyanasiyana	Bwezerani ziwalo zong'ambika
Kuchuluka kwa phokoso pamene mukutsitsa (kuwotcha) galimoto
Malo olumikizirana ndi ma giya a bevel a giya yayikulu amasunthidwa kupita ku gawo lopapatiza la mano a zida zoyendetsedwa ndi bevel.	Sinthani chinkhoswe molingana ndi chigamba cholumikizana
Kugunda kosalekeza kapena "kutuluka" mukuyenda
Kumeta kapena kumeta mano a giya kapena zonyamula Kuwonongeka kwa ma CV olowa	Bwezerani zigawo zowonongeka
Chilolezo chachikulu cha bevel gear mesh

Gulu 9.2 (mopitilira)

Choyambitsa	Kuthetsa mavuto
Mavalidwe a mano a Bevel Gear Zovala zokhala ndi Tapered roller, sewero lofunikira la axial mu mesh ya bevel gear	Osabweretsa kuvala kovomerezeka. Sinthani kumangika kwa ma fani, yang'anani kulumikizidwa koyenera kwa magiya a bevel molingana ndi malo olumikizirana ndi kubwerera kumbuyo.
kuwonongeka kwa mafuta a crankcase
Valani ndi kuwonongeka kwa zogwira ndi zosindikizira Mtedza wotayirira ndi mabawuti oteteza ma crankcase ndi zophimba	Bwezerani Limbani mtedza ndi mabawuti

Tsiku lowonjezeredwa: 2016-09-26; maonekedwe: 6634; KULONGOLERA NTCHITO