Lamba wachitetezo

Lamba kapena malamba, ochotsedwa mosavuta pa lamulo, opangidwa kuti amangirire munthuyo pampando kuti amuteteze pangozi, kapena kumuteteza pampando wake poyembekezera kutsika kwakukulu. Imakwaniritsa zofunikira kwambiri ikaphatikizidwa ndi airbag.

Kwa zaka zambiri, malamba akhala akusintha mosiyanasiyana: poyambirira, analibe zida zowongolera, chifukwa chake kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kunali kovutirapo, nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosathandiza, koma koposa zonse, sikunalole wovala kusuntha. Kenaka, potsirizira pake, ma coils anafika, ndipo kuti apititse patsogolo, nyumba zonse zimagwiritsa ntchito machitidwe omwe amatha kumangitsa lamba kwambiri panthawi ya ngozi (pretensioners).

Chida chamtengo wapatali chotetezera pamsewu, ndipo lero si aliyense amene amavala. Kuti athetse vutoli, nyumba zambiri zimagwiritsira ntchito zingwe zomveka zomwe zimakakamiza ngakhale olakwa mobwerezabwereza kuvala lamba. Njirayi ndiyotchuka kwambiri ku Euro NCAP, yomwe imapereka ma bonasi pamayeso ake odziwika bwino pamagalimoto omwe ali nawo.

Malamba amipando adapangidwa zaka zoposa zana limodzi: adapatsidwa chilolezo choyamba ndi Mfalansa Gustave Désiré Liebau (yemwe anawatcha "malamba a mipando") mu 1903. Komabe, kuthamanga kosakwera kwambiri kwa magalimoto anthawi imeneyo komanso kuopsa kwa kukomoka komwe adapereka (panthawiyo zida zolimba zidagwiritsidwa ntchito) zidapangitsa kuti chipangizocho chisawonongeke.

Mu 1957, kutsatira zinachitikira motorsport, imene nawonso ankagwira ntchito yothandiza thupi kwa mathamangitsidwe ofananira nawo, iwo analowetsedwa m'magalimoto ena, ngakhale anagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati mayeso kuposa chikhulupiriro chenicheni zothandiza. chinthu. Komabe, zotsatira za zoyesayesazo zinapezeka kuti zinali zabwino kwambiri, ndipo mu 1960 mndandanda woyamba wa malamba apampando unayambika pamsika. Makamaka, akuti malamba ngati atawamanga bwino, amachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha kugunda pachifuwa pa chiwongolero ngati atagunda mabuleki mwadzidzidzi.

Mu 1973, dziko la France linalengeza kuti malamba amafunikira ndi lamulo. Pambuyo pake, mayiko onse a Kumadzulo, kuphatikizapo Italy, adatsatira malamulo a transalpine (ku United States of America, dziko loyamba kulengeza kuti ndilovomerezeka linali Massachusetts mu 1975).