Kukonzanso ndi kukonza majekeseni a dizilo. Njira zabwino kwambiri za jakisoni

Zamkatimu

Onaninso Mapulagi a Glow mu injini za dizilo - ntchito, kusintha, mitengo. Wotsogolera
Kudalirika kwa machitidwe a jekeseni
Kuyeretsa dongosolo la jekeseni, i.e. kupewa

Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zoyendetsera injini ya dizilo ndi njira yabwino yojambulira. Pamodzi ndi makanika wodziwa zambiri, timafotokoza njira zochepa komanso zosadalirika za jakisoni.

Kukonzanso ndi kukonza majekeseni a dizilo. Njira zabwino kwambiri za jakisoni

Injini imagwira ntchito bwino ngati kuchuluka kwa jekeseni wamafuta kukukwera. Mu injini za dizilo, mafuta a dizilo amalowetsedwa m'chipinda choyatsira moto pamphamvu kwambiri. Choncho, jekeseni, i.e. mpope ndi jekeseni, ndi chigawo chachikulu cha injini zimenezi.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya jakisoni wamafuta pamainjini a dizilo

Makina a jakisoni m'mayunitsi a dizilo asintha kwambiri pazaka makumi awiri zapitazi. Chifukwa cha iye, ma abscesses otchuka samawonedwanso ngati cholepheretsa kusuta. Iwo akhala achuma komanso achangu.

Masiku ano, jekeseni wamafuta mwachindunji ndi wokhazikika pamainjini a dizilo. Dongosolo lodziwika bwino ndi Common Rail. Dongosololi linapangidwa ndi Fiat koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 90, koma chilolezocho chinagulitsidwa kwa Bosch chifukwa cha ndalama zopangira zambiri. Koma galimoto yoyamba ndi dongosolo ili mu 1997 Alfa Romeo 156 1.9 JTD.

Mu dongosolo la njanji wamba, mafuta amasonkhanitsidwa mu chitoliro wamba ndiyeno amagawidwa pansi pa kupsyinjika kwakukulu kwa majekeseni. Ma valve mu ma jekeseni amatseguka malinga ndi liwiro la injini. Izi zimatsimikizira kusakaniza koyenera kwa ma cylinders ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta. Atangotsala pang'ono leni mafuta jekeseni, otchedwa chisanadze jekeseni kuti chisanadze kutentha chipinda kuyaka. Chifukwa chake, kuyatsa mwachangu kwamafuta ndi ntchito yabata yamagetsi idakwaniritsidwa.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya makina a Common Rail: okhala ndi ma jekeseni a electromagnetic (otchedwa Common Rail 2003th generation) komanso okhala ndi piezoelectric injectors (otchedwa XNUMXth generation). Zotsirizirazi ndi zamakono, zimakhala ndi magawo ochepa osuntha komanso kulemera kwake. Amakhalanso ndi nthawi zazifupi zosinthira ndipo amalola kuti pakhale metering yolondola yamafuta. Kuyambira XNUMX, opanga ambiri akusintha pang'onopang'ono kwa iwo. Mitundu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga majekeseni a solenoid ndi monga Fiat, Hyundai/KIA, Opel, Renault ndi Toyota. Majekeseni a piezoelectric amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka mu injini zatsopano. Mercedes, PSA nkhawa (mwini wa Citroen ndi Peugeot), VW ndi BMW.

Onaninso Mapulagi a Glow mu injini za dizilo - ntchito, kusintha, mitengo. Wotsogolera

Njira ina yothetsera jakisoni wamafuta mwachindunji mu injini za dizilo ndi ma jekeseni a unit. Komabe, sagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'magalimoto atsopano. Majekeseni a pampu alowa m'malo mwa Common Rail system, yomwe imakhala yogwira mtima komanso yopanda phokoso. Volkswagen, yomwe idalimbikitsa yankho ili, sagwiritsanso ntchito.

Zaka zingapo zapitazo, Volkswagen ndi mitundu yofananira (Audi, SEAT, Skoda) adagwiritsa ntchito majekeseni a unit. Iyi ndi jekeseni wa jekeseni wa unit (UIS). Zigawo zazikuluzikulu ndi mono-injection yomwe ili pamwamba pa masilinda. Ntchito yawo ndi kupanga kuthamanga kwambiri (kuposa 2000 bar) ndi jakisoni wamafuta a dizilo.

Kudalirika kwa machitidwe a jekeseni

Makina amatsindika kuti pamodzi ndi chitukuko cha machitidwe a jakisoni, kudalirika kwawo kwachepa.

- Njira zochepetsera jekeseni wa dizilo zadzidzidzi ndi zomwe zidatulutsidwa zaka makumi angapo kapena zaka zingapo zapitazo, momwe chinthu chachikulu chinali chogawa pampu yamafuta - akuti Marcin Geisler wochokera ku Auto-Diesel-Service kuchokera ku Kobylnica pafupi ndi Słupsk.

Mwachitsanzo, migolo yotchuka ya Mercedes W123 inali ndi jekeseni yachindunji. Panali zochepa zosuntha, ndipo makinawo ankagwira ntchito ngakhale pamafuta ochepa. Choyipa chake, komabe, chinali kusathamanga kwambiri, kuyendetsa bwino kwa injini yaphokoso komanso kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri dizilo poyerekeza ndi ma powertrain amasiku ano.

Mapangidwe atsopano - okhala ndi jakisoni wachindunji - alibe zofooka izi, koma amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mtundu wamafuta. Ichi ndichifukwa chake makina okhala ndi ma jekeseni a electromagnetic ndi odalirika kwambiri kuposa makina okhala ndi piezoelectric.

Amangolimbana ndi mafuta oyipa. Piezoelectrics imalephera msanga ikakumana ndi mafuta a dizilo oipitsidwa. - akufotokoza Geisler - Ubwino wa mafuta a dizilo ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito a dongosolo lonse. Mafuta oipitsidwa omwe samakwaniritsa miyezo ndiye amayambitsa mavuto.

Onaninso Chenjerani ndi mafuta obatizika! Achinyengo amalambalalitsa macheke pamasiteshoni

Palinso makina okhala ndi ma electromagnetic nozzles omwe amathyoka nthawi zambiri kuposa ena. Izi ndizochitika, mwachitsanzo, mu Ford Mondeo III yokhala ndi injini za 2.0 ndi 115 HP 130 TDCi. ndi Ford Focus I 1.8 TDCi. Machitidwe onsewa adagwiritsa ntchito machitidwe amtundu wa Delphi.

- Zomwe zimayambitsa kusagwira ntchito kwa mpope wa jakisoni. Mutatha kusokoneza, mukhoza kuona zojambula zachitsulo, zomwe, ndithudi, zimawononga ma nozzles, makaniko akufotokoza. - Ndizovuta kunena ngati izi zidakhudza mtundu wamafuta kapena luso lopanga mapampu awa linali lolakwika.

Mavuto ofanana ndi ofanana ndi Renault Megane II ndi 1.5 dCi injini. Pampu ya Delphi ikugwiranso ntchito pano, ndipo mu dongosolo la mafuta timapezanso zojambula zazitsulo.

Notoriety imatsagananso ndi dizilo za Opel, momwe pampu ya VP44 imagwira ntchito. Injini izi zimayendetsa, mwa ena, Opel Vectra III 2.0 DTI, Zafira I 2.0 DTI kapena Astra II 2.0 DTI. Monga Gisler akunena, pamtunda wa makilomita pafupifupi 200, pampu imagwira ndipo imafuna kukonzanso.

Kumbali inayi, injini za HDi, zopangidwa ndi French nkhawa PSA ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Citroen, Peugeot, ndipo kuyambira 2007 m'magalimoto a Ford, zimakhala ndi mavuto ndi mwayi wopeza zida zoyambira, i.е. Siemens jekeseni.

"Bulu lopanda pake limatha kusinthidwa ndi logwiritsidwa ntchito, koma sindikupangira yankho ili, ngakhale ndilotsika mtengo," akutero makanika.

Konzani mitengo

Mtengo wokonza jekeseni umadalira mtundu wa jekeseni. Kukonzanso kwa zida zamagetsi zamagetsi kumawononga pafupifupi PLN 500 chilichonse, kuphatikiza ntchito, ndipo kumakhala m'malo mwazinthu za jekeseni.

- Uwu ndiye mtengo mukamagwiritsa ntchito zida zosinthira zoyambirira. Pankhani ya zipangizo zolondola monga jekeseni, ndi bwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito zolowa m'malo, akutsindika Marcin Geisler.

Choncho, pankhani ya machitidwe a Denso omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu injini ya Toyota, m'pofunika kusintha jekeseni yonse, chifukwa palibe zigawo zoyambirira zomwe zimagulitsidwa pamsika.

Piezoelectric nozzles zitha kusinthidwa zonse. Mtengo ndi PLN 1500 chidutswa chilichonse, kuphatikiza antchito.

- Majekeseni a piezoelectric ndi zigawo zatsopano ndipo opanga awo akutetezabe ma patent awo. Koma izi zinali choncho ndi ma electromagnetic nozzles m'mbuyomu, kotero patapita nthawi mitengo yokonza piezoelectrics mwina idzagwa, gwero lathu likukhulupirira.

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