Mitundu, chipangizo ndi cholinga cha injini ya flywheel

Kunja, injini flywheel - chipangizo wamba - losavuta litayamba lolemera. Komabe, panthawi imodzimodziyo, imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kwa injini ndi makina onse. M'nkhaniyi tiona cholinga chake chachikulu, mitundu ya flywheels, komanso zipangizo zawo.

Cholinga ndi ntchito

Flywheel ndi diski yachitsulo yolimba yokhazikika pomwe mano achitsulo amakanikizidwa kuti agwirizane ndi choyambira, chomwe chimatchedwa giya la mphete. Flywheel imatumiza torque kuchokera ku injini kupita ku gearbox, kotero imakhala pakati pa injini ndi kufalitsa. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito kufalitsa kwamanja, dengu la clutch limamangiriridwa ku flywheel, ndipo potengera zodziwikiratu, chosinthira makokedwe.

Flywheel ndi chinthu cholemera kwambiri. Kulemera kwake kumadalira mphamvu ya injini ndi chiwerengero cha masilinda. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndi mfundo yakuti cholinga chachikulu cha flywheel ndi kudziunjikira mphamvu ya kinetic kuchokera ku crankshaft, komanso kupanga inertia yofunikira. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mu injini yoyaka mkati yozungulira 4, 1 yokha imagwira ntchito yofunikira - sitiroko yogwira ntchito. Zina 3 zozungulira za crankshaft ndi gulu la pistoni ziyenera kuchitidwa ndi inertia. Mwachindunji pa izi, flywheel imafunika, yokhazikika kumapeto kwa crankshaft.

Kuchokera pa zonse zomwe zanenedwa kale, cholinga cha flywheel ndi ntchito zake zazikulu ndi izi:

• kuonetsetsa kuti injini ikuyenda bwino;
• kufalikira kwa torque kuchokera ku mota kupita ku gearbox, komanso kuonetsetsa kuti ma clutch akugwira ntchito;
• Kutumiza kwa torque kuchokera koyambira kupita ku mphete ya flywheel kuti muyambitse injini.

Mitundu ya ma flywheels

Masiku ano, pali mitundu itatu ya ma flywheels:

1. Zolimba. Zambiri zodziwika komanso zodziwika bwino. Ichi ndi diski wandiweyani wachitsulo, chipangizo chomwe chidafotokozedwa kale. The flywheel kwa kufala basi ndi opepuka kwambiri kuposa yosavuta, chifukwa anapangidwa kuti ntchito pamodzi ndi makokedwe Converter.
2. Wopepuka. Pa ikukonzekera galimoto, kufala, komanso injini, flywheel wopepuka nthawi zambiri anaika. Unyinji wake wawung'ono umachepetsa inertia ndikuwonjezera mphamvu zamagalimoto ndi 4-5%. Auto imachita mwachangu popondapo gasi, imakhala yogwira kwambiri. Koma m'pofunika kukhazikitsa opepuka flywheel kokha molumikizana ndi ntchito zina kuti apititse patsogolo ntchito ya galimoto, komanso kufala. Kugwiritsa ntchito mawilo opepuka opepuka popanda kuyenga pisitoni, komanso crankshaft, kungayambitse kusakhazikika kwa injini popanda ntchito.
3. Misa iwiri. Flywheel ya misa iwiri kapena damper imatengedwa kuti ndi yovuta kwambiri pakupanga ndipo imayikidwa pamtundu wamakono wamagalimoto. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto okhala ndi ma transmission manual komanso automatic popanda torque converter. Pankhani yotumiza pamanja, clutch disc yopanda torsional vibration damper imagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Maulendo apawiri oyenda maulendo apawiri afala kwambiri chifukwa cha kutsetsereka kwawo bwino, kung'ung'udza, kuteteza kufalikira, ndi ma synchronizer. Mwachindunji izi zosiyanasiyana ziyenera kuganiziridwa mwatsatanetsatane.

Mapangidwe ndi mawonekedwe a dual-mass flywheel

Mapangidwe a mitundu iwiri ya misa alibe 1, koma 2 disks. Chimbale chimodzi chikugwirizana ndi galimoto, ndipo chimbale chachiwiri chikugwirizana ndi gearbox. Onse angathe kugwira ntchito paokha. Komanso, chimbale choyamba ali flywheel korona ndi mano kuchita ndi sitata. Zonse ziwiri (axial ndi radial) zimatsimikizira mgwirizano wa nyumba za 2.

M'kati mwa ma discs muli mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a kasupe, omwe amakhala ndi akasupe ofewa komanso olimba. Akasupe ofewa amapereka kufewa pa liwiro lotsika poyambira ndikuyimitsa mota. Akasupe olimba amachepetsanso kugwedezeka pa liwiro lalikulu. Mkati mwake muli mafuta apadera.

Momwe ntchito

Kwa nthawi yoyamba, magalimoto amtundu wapawiri adalandiridwa ndi ma transmission automatic. A robotic gearbox imadziwika ndi kusala kudya, komanso kusintha kwamagetsi pafupipafupi. Ndi "misa iwiri" iyi imagwirizana bwino. Kenako, chifukwa cha ubwino umenewu, anayamba kuikidwa pa magalimoto ndi kufala pamanja.

Mfundo ya ntchito ndi yosavuta. Makokedwe ochokera ku crankshaft amapita ku disk yoyamba, yomwe imasokoneza kasupe kuchokera mkati. Atafika pamlingo wina wa psinjika, torque imapita ku 2 disc. Kapangidwe kameneka kamachotsa kugwedezeka kwakukulu kwa injini, kukulolani kuti muchepetse kwambiri katundu pakufalitsa.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa dual mass flywheel

Ubwino wa mapangidwe otere ndi odziwikiratu:

• ntchito zofewa komanso zofananira zamagalimoto ndi gearbox;
• kugwedezeka kochepa ndi kung'ung'udza.

Komabe, palinso kuipa. Avereji ya moyo wa dual-mass flywheel ndi pafupifupi zaka 3. Dongosololi nthawi zonse limakhala ndi katundu wambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, mafuta amkati amapangidwa. Mtengo wolowa m'malo ndiwokwera kwambiri. Ndipo ichi ndiye choyipa chake chachikulu.

Zovuta zazikulu

Flywheel imakhala ndi katundu wamphamvu, motero imasiya kugwira ntchito. Chizindikiro cha kulephera kwake chikhoza kukhala phokoso, phokoso lachilendo panthawi yoyambira ndi kuyimitsidwa kwa injini.

Kumva kugwedezeka kwamphamvu kungatanthauzenso vuto la wheelwheel. Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti chifukwa cha "patatu" injini. Ngati mutasunthira ku giya yapamwamba, ndiye kuti kugwedezeka kumasowa. Kudina panthawi yoyambira ndi kuthamangitsa kungasonyezenso zovuta. Komabe, simuyenera kuthamangira nthawi yomweyo kuti musinthe flywheel, chifukwa zizindikirozi zitha kuwonetsa zovuta zina. Mwachitsanzo, ndi mounts injini, gearbox, ZOWONJEZERA, dongosolo utsi ndi zina.

Njira yolondola kwambiri yodziwira chomwe chimayambitsa kuwonongeka ndikuwunika mwachindunji gawolo. Komabe, kuti mufike kumeneko, padzakhala kofunikira kusokoneza poyang'ana, ndipo izi zimafuna luso lapadera ndi zipangizo.

Kuchira kwa dual-mass flywheel

Chifukwa cha mtengo wapamwamba wa "choyambirira", pafupifupi madalaivala onse akuganiza za kuthekera kobwezeretsa flywheel. Tiyenera kuzindikira nthawi yomweyo kuti opanga sakutanthauza kubwezeretsedwa kwa chinthu ichi. Zimatengedwa kuti sizingasiyane, choncho ndi bwino kukhazikitsa yatsopano.

Komabe, pali akatswiri omwe amatha kugwira ntchito. Zonse zimadalira kukula kwa vutolo. Ngati akasupe alephera, amatha kusinthidwa muutumiki. Ndiwo oyamba kutha; Komabe, ngati nyumbayo kapena katundu wina wagwa, ndiye kuti chisankho choyenera chingakhale kugula chatsopano. Pazochitika zonse, anthu ochepa adzatha kutsimikizira kuti galimotoyo ikugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali, komanso kufalitsa pambuyo pa ntchito yokonza.

Kusintha kwa misa imodzi

Mwamwambiri, izi zitha kuchitika. Katswiri wodziwa ntchito amatha kuchita izi mosavuta. Komabe, kodi kutero n’kwanzeru? Palibe amene adzatha kuneneratu kuti gearbox ndi injini zidzatha liti pambuyo pake, choncho, kwa ife, sitikulangiza kuchita izi!

Ngati muli ndi injini yamphamvu, komanso kufalitsa buku, ndiye kuti kugwedezeka kwakukulu ndi kugwedezeka sikungalephereke poyambira ndikuyimitsa. Mutha kukwera, koma ndi kusapeza bwino. Bokosi la robotic silingathe kupirira tandem yokhala ndi flywheel, chifukwa chake imasiya kugwira ntchito mwachangu. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, pamodzi ndi bokosi, kubwezeretsa kudzawononga ndalama zambiri.