Ntchito yokonzanso magetsi panthawi ya braking ndi deceleration
Zamkatimu
Zomwe zidayambitsidwa zaka zingapo zapitazo pamasitima wamba a dizilo, kuyendetsa mabuleki osinthika tsopano kwakhala kofunika kwambiri popeza magalimoto osakanizidwa ndi magetsi akukhala a demokalase.
Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tiwone mbali zofunika kwambiri za njira iyi, yomwe, chifukwa chake, ikufuna kupeza magetsi kuchokera kumayendedwe (kapena mphamvu ya kinetic / mphamvu ya inertial).
Mfundo yayikulu
Kaya ndi chithunzi chotenthetsera, chosakanizidwa kapena galimoto yamagetsi, kubwezeretsa mphamvu kuli paliponse.
Pankhani ya makina oyerekeza otenthetsera, cholinga chake ndikutsitsa injiniyo pozimitsa alternator pafupipafupi momwe mungathere, ntchito yake ndikuwonjezera batire ya acid-lead. Chifukwa chake, kumasula injini ku malire a alternator kumatanthauza kupulumutsa mafuta ndi kutulutsa mphamvu kwamagetsi kumapangidwa momwe kungathekere pamene galimoto ili pamoto wa injini, pamene mphamvu ya kinetic ingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo mwa mphamvu ya injini (pamene mukuchepetsa kapena kutsika kwautali wautali. kutsika popanda kuthamanga).
Kwa ma hybrids ndi magalimoto amagetsi, zidzakhala zofanana, koma nthawi ino cholinga chidzakhala kubwezeretsanso batri ya lithiamu yomwe imayikidwa pa kukula kwakukulu.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya kinetic popanga magetsi?
Mfundoyi imadziwika kwambiri komanso yademokalase, koma ndiyenera kubwereranso mwachangu. Ndikawoloka koyilo yazinthu zopangira (mkuwa ndi wabwino kwambiri) wokhala ndi maginito, imapanga mafunde mu koyilo yotchuka iyi. Izi ndi zomwe titi tichite apa, gwiritsani ntchito kayendedwe ka mawilo a galimoto yothamanga kuti mukhale ndi maginito ndi kupanga magetsi omwe adzabwezeretsedwe mu mabatire (ie batire). Koma ngati zikumveka zoyambira, mudzawona kuti pali zina zobisika zomwe muyenera kuzidziwa.
Kusinthika panthawi ya braking / deceleration ya hybrid ndi magalimoto amagetsi
Magalimotowa ali ndi ma motors amagetsi kuti ayendetse, choncho ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito reversibility yotsirizirayi, kuti injiniyo imakoka ngati ilandira madzi, komanso imapereka mphamvu ngati ikuyendetsedwa ndi mphamvu yakunja (pano ndi galimoto. anayamba ndi mawilo ozungulira).
Chifukwa chake tsopano tiyeni tiyang'ane mochulukirachulukira (koma tikhalebe okhazikika) zomwe izi zimapereka, ndi zochitika zingapo.
1) Motor mode
Tiyeni tiyambe ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwachikale kwa mota yamagetsi, kotero timazungulira pano mu koyilo yomwe ili pafupi ndi maginito. Kuzungulira kwapano mu waya wamagetsi kumapangitsa kuti maginito amagetsi azizungulira koyiloyo, yomwe imagwira ntchito pa maginito (ndichifukwa chake imasuntha). Mwa kupanga mwanzeru chinthu ichi (chokulungidwa mu koyilo yokhala ndi maginito ozungulira mkati), ndizotheka kupeza galimoto yamagetsi yomwe imazungulira chitsulocho malinga ngati panopa ikugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ndiwo "wowongolera mphamvu" / "magetsi amagetsi" omwe ali ndi udindo wowongolera ndikuwongolera kayendedwe ka magetsi (amasankha kutumizira ku batri, mota pamagetsi ena, ndi zina), kotero ndikofunikira. udindo, chifukwa ndi amene amalola injini kukhala mu "injini" kapena "jenereta" mode.
Apa ndapanga dera lopangira komanso losavuta la chipangizochi chokhala ndi injini yagawo limodzi kuti limveke mosavuta (gawo lachitatu limagwira ntchito mofananamo, koma mazenera atatu amatha kusokoneza zinthu pachabe, ndipo zowonera ndizosavuta. mu gawo limodzi).
Batire imayendetsa pakali pano, koma galimoto yamagetsi sichitha, kotero inverter ndi rectifier ndizofunikira. Magetsi amagetsi ndi chipangizo chogawira komanso kutengerapo.
2) jenereta / mphamvu kuchira mode
Chifukwa chake, mumachitidwe a jenereta, tidzachita zosiyana, ndiye kuti, kutumiza zomwe zikubwera kuchokera ku koyilo kupita ku batri.
Koma kubwerera ku nkhani yeniyeni, galimoto yanga inapita ku 100 km / h chifukwa cha kutentha kwa injini (mafuta) kapena injini yamagetsi (kugwiritsa ntchito batri). Chifukwa chake, ndapeza mphamvu ya kinetic yolumikizidwa ndi 100 km / h, ndipo ndikufuna kusintha mphamvuyi kukhala magetsi ...
Chifukwa chake ndisiya kutumiza zamakono kuchokera ku batri kupita kumagetsi amagetsi, malingaliro omwe ndikufuna kuti ndichepetse (motero mosiyana ndizomwe zimandipangitsa kuti ndifulumire). M'malo mwake, mphamvu zamagetsi zidzasintha mphamvu ya mphamvu, mwachitsanzo, kuwongolera magetsi onse opangidwa ndi injini ku mabatire.
Zowonadi, chosavuta chakuti mawilo amapangitsa kuti maginito azizungulira amachititsa kuti magetsi apangidwe mu koyilo. Ndipo magetsi omwe amapangidwa mu koyiloyo apanganso mphamvu ya maginito, yomwe idzachedwetsanso maginito osafulumizitsanso monga momwe imapangidwira pogwiritsa ntchito magetsi pa koyilo (chifukwa chake chifukwa cha batri) ...
Ndi braking iyi yomwe imagwirizana ndi kubwezeretsedwa kwa mphamvu ndipo motero imalola galimoto kuti ichepetse pamene ikubwezeretsa magetsi. Koma pali mavuto ena.
Ngati ndikufuna kubwezeretsa mphamvu ndikupitiriza kuyenda pa liwiro lokhazikika (ie wosakanizidwa), ndidzagwiritsa ntchito injini yotentha kuti ndiyambe kuyendetsa galimoto ndi injini yamagetsi monga jenereta (chifukwa cha kayendedwe ka injini).
Ndipo ngati sindikufuna kuti injini ikhale ndi mabuleki ochuluka (chifukwa cha jenereta), ndimatumiza zamakono ku jenereta / galimoto).
Mukathyoka, kompyuta imagawira mphamvu pakati pa mabuleki osinthika ndi mabuleki wamba, izi zimatchedwa "combined braking". Kuvuta kotero kuti kuchotsa mwadzidzidzi ndi zochitika zina zomwe zingasokoneze kuyendetsa galimoto (pamene zachitika molakwika, kumverera kwa braking kungakhale bwino).
Vuto la batri ndi mphamvu yake.
Vuto loyamba ndiloti batire silingathe kuyamwa mphamvu zonse zomwe zimatumizidwa kwa izo, zimakhala ndi malire omwe amalepheretsa madzi ambiri kuti asalowemo nthawi imodzi. Ndipo ndi batri yodzaza, vuto ndilofanana, silidya kalikonse!
Tsoka ilo, batire ikayamwa magetsi, kukana kwamagetsi kumachitika, ndipo apa ndi pamene braking imakhala yovuta kwambiri. Choncho, pamene "tikupopera" magetsi opangidwa (ndipo poonjezera kukana kwa magetsi), injiniyo imakhala yamphamvu kwambiri. Mosiyana ndi zimenezo, mukamamva kuti injini ikuphulika, zimatanthawuza kuti mabatire anu akuthamanga (kapena m'malo mwake, injini ikupanga zambiri zamakono).
Koma, monga ndanena, mabatire ali ndi malire a mayamwidwe, chifukwa chake sikoyenera kuchita mwadzidzidzi komanso kwanthawi yayitali kuti muwonjezere batire. Omalizawo sangathe kuzikwaniritsa, ndipo zotsalazo zidzaponyedwa mu zinyalala ...
Vutoli likukhudzana ndi kupitilira kwa mabuleki osinthika
Ena angafune kugwiritsa ntchito mabuleki obwezeretsanso ngati gawo lawo loyamba motero amachotsa mabuleki a disc, omwe ndi osauka kwambiri. Koma, mwatsoka, mfundo yoyendetsera galimoto yamagetsi imalepheretsa kupeza ntchitoyi.
Zowonadi, braking imakhala yamphamvu ngati pali kusiyana kwa liwiro pakati pa rotor ndi stator. Chifukwa chake, mukamatsika kwambiri, m'pamenenso mabuleki azikhala opanda mphamvu. Kwenikweni, simungathe kuyimitsa galimoto mwanjira iyi, muyenera kukhala ndi mabuleki owonjezera kuti muyimitse galimoto.
Ndi ma axles awiri ophatikizika (apa E-Tense / HYbrid4 PSA hybridization), iliyonse ili ndi mota yamagetsi, kubweza mphamvu panthawi ya braking kumatha kuwirikiza kawiri. Zoonadi, izi zidzadaliranso botolo kumbali ya batri ... Ngati womalizayo alibe chilakolako chochuluka, sizingakhale zomveka kukhala ndi ma jenereta awiri. Titha kutchulanso Q7 e-Tron, yomwe mawilo ake anayi amalumikizidwa ndi galimoto yamagetsi chifukwa cha Quattro, koma pakadali pano pa mawilo anayi amayikidwa pagalimoto imodzi yokha yamagetsi, osati mawilo awiri (monga momwe tawonera). jenereta imodzi)
3) Batire ladzaza kapena dera likutenthedwa
Monga tidanenera, batire ikakhala yokwanira, kapena imakoka mphamvu zambiri pakanthawi kochepa (batire silingathe kuthamanga kwambiri), tili ndi njira ziwiri zopewera kuwononga chipangizocho:
- Yankho loyamba ndi losavuta, ndinadula chirichonse ... Pogwiritsa ntchito chosinthira (choyendetsedwa ndi magetsi amagetsi), ndimadula dera lamagetsi, potero ndikutsegula (ndikubwereza nthawi yeniyeni). Mwanjira imeneyi magetsi sakuyendanso ndipo ndilibenso magetsi m'makoyilo ndipo chifukwa chake ndilibenso maginito. Chotsatira chake, regenerative braking sikugwiranso ntchito ndipo magombe agalimoto. Monga ngati ndilibenso jenereta, chifukwa chake ndilibenso kugunda kwamagetsi komwe kumachepetsa kusuntha kwanga.
- Yankho lachiwiri ndikuwongolera zamakono, zomwe sitidziwanso zoyenera kuchita, kwa otsutsa. Zotsutsa izi zimapangidwira kuti zizichita izi, ndipo kunena zoona, ndizosavuta ... Udindo wawo ndikutengera zamakono ndikutaya mphamvu ngati kutentha, chifukwa cha zotsatira za Joule. Chipangizochi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto ngati mabuleki othandizira kuphatikiza ma disc / calipers wamba. Chifukwa chake m'malo molipira batire, timatumiza zamakono mumtundu wa "zinyalala zamagetsi" zomwe zimataya chomalizacho ngati kutentha. Zindikirani kuti izi ndizabwino kuposa ma braking disc chifukwa pamlingo womwewo wa braking brake ya rheostat imatenthetsa pang'ono (dzina loperekedwa ku ma braking a electromagnetic, omwe amataya mphamvu zake mu resistors).
Apa timadula chigawocho ndipo chilichonse chimataya mphamvu zake zamagetsi (zili ngati ndikupotoza nkhuni mu koyilo ya pulasitiki, zotsatira zake zapita)
Apa timagwiritsa ntchito brake ya rheostat yomwe
4) kusinthasintha kwa regenerative braking force
Moyenerera, magalimoto amagetsi tsopano ali ndi zopalasa kuti asinthe mphamvu yobwerera. Koma mungatani kuti mabuleki osinthika akhale amphamvu kwambiri? Ndipo momwe mungapangire izo kuti zisakhale zamphamvu kwambiri, kotero kuti kuyendetsa galimoto kungathe kupirira?
Chabwino, ngati mu regenerative mode 0 (palibe regenerative braking) Ndikungofunika kulumikiza dera kuti modula regenerative braking, yankho linanso liyenera kupezeka.
Ndipo pakati pawo, titha kubweza zina zapano ku koyilo. Chifukwa ngati kupanga madzi pozungulira maginito mu koyilo kumayambitsa kukana, ndikanakhala ndi zochepa kwambiri (kukana) ngati, kumbali ina, ndidabaya madziwo mu koyilo ndekha. Ndikamabaya kwambiri, ndimakhala ndi mabuleki ochepera, ndipo choyipa kwambiri, ngati ndibaya kwambiri, ndimathamanga kwambiri (ndipo pamenepo injiniyo imakhala injini, osati jenereta).
Choncho, ndi kachigawo kakang'ono kamene kakulowetsedwanso mu koyilo yomwe idzapangitse kuti braking yotsitsimutsa ikhale yamphamvu kwambiri.
Kuti tibwerere ku freewheel, titha kupezanso yankho lina kupatula kutulutsa dera, mwachitsanzo, kutumiza zamakono (ndendende zomwe zikufunika) kuti timve kuti tili mu freewheeling mode ... pang'ono ngati tikakhala pakati wa pedal pa matenthedwe oimika magalimoto pamayendedwe okhazikika.
Apa tikutumiza magetsi pozungulira kuti tichepetse "kuphulika kwa injini" yamagetsi amagetsi (sikuti kwenikweni kuphulika kwa injini, ngati tikufuna kulondola). Tikhoza ngakhale kupeza freewheel effect ngati titumiza magetsi okwanira kuti akhazikitse liwiro.
Ndemanga zonse ndi mayankho
chatha ndemanga yolemba:
Reggan (Tsiku: 2021, 07:15:01)
Moni
Masiku angapo apitawo, ndidakhala ndi msonkhano pamalo ogulitsa Kia okhudza kukonza kwanga 48000 Soul EV 2020 km. Ndi?? ndinadabwa kwambiri, ndinalangizidwa kuti ndisinthe mabuleki onse akutsogolo (ma diski ndi mapepala) chifukwa anatha !!
Ndinauza woyang'anira utumiki kuti sizingatheke chifukwa ndinagwiritsa ntchito bwino mabuleki obwezeretsa kuyambira pachiyambi. Yankho lake: mabuleki agalimoto yamagetsi amatha mwachangu kuposa galimoto wamba !!
Izi ndizoseketsa kwenikweni. Kuwerenga mafotokozedwe anu a momwe mabuleki osinthika amagwirira ntchito, ndidalandira chitsimikiziro kuti galimotoyo ikucheperachepera pogwiritsa ntchito njira ina osati mabuleki wamba.
Ine. 1 Zotsatira (izi) ku ndemanga iyi:
- Admin WOTSATIRA MALO (2021-07-15 08:09:43): Kukhala wogulitsa ndikunena kuti galimoto yamagetsi imatha mabuleki mwachangu akadali malire.
Chifukwa ngati kuopsa kopitilira muyeso kwagalimoto yamtundu uwu kuyenera kupangitsa kuti ayambe kuvala mwachangu, kusinthika kumasintha zomwe zikuchitika.
Tsopano, mwina mulingo wa 3 wochira umagwiritsa ntchito mabuleki molumikizana kuti awonjezere brake ya injini (potero amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yamaginito ya injini ndi mabuleki). Pankhaniyi, mutha kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake mabuleki amatha msanga. Ndipo pogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri kusinthika, izi zidzachititsa mapepala aatali pama disks ndi kutentha kosasangalatsa kuchokera ku zowonongeka (pamene timaphunzira kuyendetsa galimoto, timauzidwa kuti kupanikizika kwa mabuleki kuyenera kukhala kolimba, koma kochepa kuchepetsa kutentha).
Zingakhale zabwino ngati mutawona kuwonongeka kwa zinthuzi ndi maso anu kuti muwone ngati wogulitsa akuyesedwa kuti apange manambala oletsedwa (zosatheka, koma ndizowona kuti "pano tikhoza kukayika").
(Positi yanu idzawonekera pansi pa ndemanga pambuyo pakutsimikizira)
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