Yesani mitundu isanu yapamwamba yapakati: ntchito yabwino kwambiri

BMW 2000 tii, Ford 20 M XL 2300 S, Mercedes-Benz 230, NSU Ro 80, Opel Commodore 2500 S.

M'chaka chosintha cha 1968, kuyerekezera kosangalatsa kwa magalimoto asanu otchuka kudawonekera pamakampani agalimoto ndi masewera. Tinaganiza zopanganso mwambowu.

Sizinali zophweka kusonkhanitsa magalimoto asanu awa - pamalo amodzi komanso nthawi imodzi. Mofanana ndi kukonzanso kwa filimuyi, panali zopotoka kuchokera ku malemba oyambirira. Atatu mwa ochita zisudzo kwenikweni ndi ma backups. Commodore siili mu GS version koma m'munsi mwa coupe ndi 120 m'malo mwa 130 hp, ultra-rare 2000 tilux sikupezeka lero, kotero tidalemba tii ndi 130 m'malo mwa 120 hp. Kapena bwerani, yesani kupeza 20M RS P7a - iyenera kuti yasinthidwa ndi 20M XL P7b, yokhala ndi injini yomweyo ya 2,3-lita yopanga 108 hp. popanda kuyesayesa konse. Ndipo inde, lero si Le Mans kapena Brittany, koma Landshut ku Lower Bavaria. Koma chilimwe chabwereranso, monga mu 1968, ndipo ma poppies akuphukanso mumsewu, monga kale anali pakati pa Mayenne ndi Fougères, zomwe sizingawonekere pazithunzi zakuda ndi zoyera kuchokera ku manambala akale.

Komabe, NSU Ro 80 ndi chitsanzo choyambirira chokhala ndi mapulagi awiri okhala ndi jekete, mapaipi awiri otulutsa mpweya ndi ma carburetors awiri. Ndipo ndi 230 yathu mu udindo wa Mercedes / 8, buku la mndandanda woyamba likuphatikizidwa, ngakhale kuti zakhala zikusintha kangapo. Mothandizidwa ndi magalimoto akuluakulu asanu a ku Germany, tinatha kujambula chithunzithunzi chatsiku ndi tsiku chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 60. Anthu omwe kale ankayendetsa Opel Olympia tsopano akuyendetsa Commodore, ndipo yomwe inayamba ndi dziko la Taunus tsopano yakhala mu 20M yatsopano.

Chitsanzo chotsika mtengo cha silinda sikisi mu zomwe panthawiyo Germany ikukuitanani kuti mukwere makwerero a chikhalidwe cha anthu - mosavuta analonjezedwa ndi chozizwitsa chachuma cha Germany ndi kukula kokhazikika kwa asanu peresenti pachaka. Ndi zitsanzo zawo zokhala chete, zokongola za silinda sikisi, Opel ndi Ford zatenga kale m'malo mwa opambana, BMW - pambuyo pofufuza mozama kuti adziwe zomwe ali - amaloledwa kubwerera ku masewerawo, ndipo NSU - wopanga dzulo wonyozeka. magalimoto ang'onoang'ono - adadabwitsa mitundu yonse yotchuka ndi mtundu wake woyamba woyendetsa magudumu akutsogolo, kapangidwe kake kolimbikitsa ngati chiwongolero champhamvu champhamvu, mabuleki anayi a disc ndi ekseli yakumbuyo ya tilt-strut.

Izi zati, sitinanenepo chilichonse chokhudza injini yatsopano ya Wankel, yomwe imatsutsana ndi malingaliro onse: ma pistoni awiri amazungulira pagulu lophatikizana modabwitsa ndikupereka 115 hp ku shaft yake ya eccentric. - palibe kugwedezeka, kusirira kuthamanga kwambiri, kupsa mtima komanso chiyembekezo chambiri pa moyo wa njinga yamoto. Mfundo yovuta yogwiritsira ntchito injini yoyaka yamkati ya turbine yofanana ndi turbine - yopanda valavu, yopanda giya, komabe inayi - imatsanzikana mopanda chifundo ndi ma pistoni obwereza a m'badwo wa injini ya nthunzi. Aliyense ndiye anali wotanganidwa ndi Wankel euphoria, akugula ziphaso movutikira kuti ateteze tsogolo (lomwe Mercedes ingatchule C 111) -aliyense kupatula BMW.

Zilinda zisanu ndi chimodzi zotsutsana ndi Wankel

Popeza idapulumuka gawo la manic-depressive pomwe imazungulira pakati pa Isetta ndi 507, BMW yadzipezanso chifukwa chakusintha kwamasewera kwamitundu ya 1800 ndi 2000. kutsatsa kumatchedwa "mapeto achete a kugwedezeka". Izi zimapangitsa injini ya Wankel kukhala yosafunikira kwa opanga Munich.

Munjira zonse, kaya ndikuyenda kwina, mayendedwe a torque kapena mphamvu, ndizabwinoko kuposa injini ya Wankel yamapasa. Tii yathu ya 2000 mu "Verona red" ikadali mtunda wautali kuchokera kupamwamba kwa injini ya BMW yayikulu, koma imakhala ndi kufala komweko monga 2500, masilinda awiri okha ochepa.

Tithokoze thandizo la toning wa makina ojambulira mafuta a Kugelfischer, injini ya tii 130-lita imapanga 5800 hp yabwino. Pa 2000 rpm Pa mulingo wamagetsi uwu, opikisana asanu ndi atatu amagetsi ochokera ku Opel, Ford ndi Mercedes amafunikira kusamutsidwa kwambiri. Koma kuchokera pakadali pano, XNUMX tii imawoneka yodzaza kwambiri poyerekeza, ngati ikufunikira bokosi lamiyendo isanu. Kuyendetsa kwake sikukugwirizana monga momwe amapikisana nawo anayi.

Masiku ano n'zosadabwitsa kuti mu 1968, chifukwa cha ntchito zabwino zazikulu ndi mtengo wotsika, buku la carbureted la tilux 2000 linakhala malo oyamba mu gawo la "Injini ndi Mphamvu". Mtundu wa BMW mosakayikira ndiwosewera kwambiri pamagalimoto asanu, omwe akuwonetsanso mawonekedwe ake owoneka bwino, owoneka bwino okhala ndi mawonekedwe aku Italy komanso njira yopapatiza. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi zidapangidwa ndi Michelotti popanda zokongoletsedwa zosafunikira, zokhala ndi kukhulupirika kosatha ku mawonekedwe oyera a trapezoidal - munthawi yomwe ena amaseweretsabe zipsepse pamsana pawo.

Mosakayikira, BMW 2000 ndi galimoto yokongola yokhala ndi zambiri zopangidwa mwachikondi; Kupanda kutero, mkati mwake wakuda wakuda umatha ndi matabwa achilengedwe. Kumanga khalidwe kumawoneka kolimba, Kalasi Yatsopano imatengedwa ngati galimoto yapamwamba kwambiri, osachepera chitsanzocho chikasinthidwanso mu 1968. Kenako mphete ya baroque ya lipenga imachoka pa cockpit, zokonda zimaperekedwa ku zida zosavuta zowongolera, zolumikizira ndi tsatanetsatane wamunthu zimapangidwa. ndi khama lalikulu ndi kukhwima. Mukukhalabe ngati Capra mu BMW iyi, mawonedwe mbali zonse ndi abwino, chiwongolero chaching'ono chaching'ono chimakutidwa ndi chikopa, ndipo chosinthira cholondola chimakwanira bwino m'manja mwanu.

BMW iyi si ya anthu omwe amafuna kumasuka poyendetsa, koma madalaivala ofuna kutchuka. Chiongolero chopanda chiwongolero chamagetsi chimagwira ntchito mwachindunji, zomwe zimafanana ndi 1962 ndi hypermodern. Ma strolled strut ndi ma MacPherson oyenda mozungulira kutsogolo ndi owuma koma osakhala omangika. Chizoloŵezi chodziwikiratu pambuyo pokhala osalowerera ndale pakukula kwakanthawi kulinso kulimbikira kwa mitundu yolimba ya BMW ya nthawi ya Paul Hahnemann.

Mercedes 230 kapena S-Class Breeze

Woimira Mercedes amachita mosiyana kwambiri. Ngakhale chassis chake chimakwezedwa moyenera pamlingo wa BMW ndi ma strilting, palibe masewera aliwonse okhudza / 8 ndi 230 cylinder asanu ndi limodzi. Gwirizanani, ndi kutali ndi ulesi 220 D chifukwa cha mphamvu ya 120 hp. Koma 230 samatsutsana ndi dalaivala pang'ono, ndipo sakonda kutsutsidwa. Amagwiritsa ntchito malo ake otetezedwa kwambiri mu chisiki kuti asakondweretse (ganizo lotukwana bwanji!), Koma ngati njira yomaliza yonyenga mwadzidzidzi kupewa zopinga.

Kupanda kutero, 230 imakonda kutsatira njira yosankhidwa mokhazikika, mosatopa komanso momasuka. Nyenyezi yomwe ili pamwamba pa radiator kutsogolo kwa maso anu imasintha njira ndi kayendetsedwe ka dzanja limodzi, pamene ina imakhala pa chithandizo chifukwa cha chiwongolero cha mphamvu. Kusintha kwa magiya ndi njira yotopetsa, yosasamala komanso yosaganizira, monga momwe zilili pamitundu yonse ya Mercedes isanayambe kapena itatha / 8. Zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi zodziwikiratu. 230 magalamu; mapeto ake ndi otakasuka komanso olandiridwa kuposa chitsanzo cha BMW - chitsanzo chenicheni cha moyo wabwino, woyenerera bwino injini yoyimba mluzu ya silinda sikisi yokhala ndi mawu omveka a Mercedes. Ngakhale Mercedes yaing'ono ya silinda sikisi, phokoso la injini limalankhula za chitukuko ndi kusasamala, ndipo m'matembenuzidwe amitundu inayi - kukwera pamakwerero a anthu kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. Komabe, Mercedes uyu samatsutsana kwathunthu ndi zosangalatsa. Zowongolera zowoneka bwino zimakhalabe ndi kachitidwe kamasewera a SL mozondoka, zisanu ndi chimodzi pansi pa hood ali ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a malita atatu, ndipo mapasa a choke carburetor amachitira umboni ku Württemberg hedonism.

Pamene mawilo akutsogolo amavina mumvula ngati mapiko agulugufe, woyendetsa / 8 amatha kumva chisangalalo chenicheni - amamva kukhala otetezeka. Pa ma rev apamwamba, injini yosawoneka bwino kwambiri ya silinda sikisi imamva kulemedwa, imakonda 120km / h ndipo imalola masinthidwe am'mbuyomu. Iye si wothamanga, koma ndi wogwira ntchito mwakhama ndi chilakolako chochepa cha mafuta. Mosafunikira kunena - mu 2015 8/1968 idayendetsedwa bwino ngati XNUMX. Choncho, iye ndiye anatenga malo oyamba - ndendende chifukwa zonse zimachitika kwa iye ngati palokha.

NSU Ro 80 ndi yowoneka bwino kwambiri, yokhala ndi chiwongolero champhamvu, chowongolera chodziwikiratu, maulendo ambiri oyimitsidwa ndi mipando ngati mipando. Galimoto yeniyeni yamtunda wautali yomwe ingasonyeze ubwino wa kuyendetsa kwake kwachilendo, makamaka pamsewu. Chigawo cha turbine cha twin-rotor sichikonda kusintha pafupipafupi kwa katundu ndi liwiro lotsika, amawonjezera kumwa mpaka malita 20, mapulagi onyowa ndikuyambitsa kukalamba msanga kwa mbale zosindikizira. Pa nthawi ina mu kampaniyo, mawu akuti "kuyendetsa galimoto" anali ofanana ndi injini yolakwika yomwe siinayende makilomita 30. Ndipo mosiyana ndi Mercedes, Wankel Ro 000 imayambitsa mantha a zosadziwika; kukayikira sikutha msanga ngati mtambo wabuluu mutayambitsa injini yofunda.

Mwina ndi chifukwa cha phokoso losazolowereka - phokoso lamphamvu, lofanana ndi zikwapu ziwiri zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi mawu odalirika omwe 20M ndi Commodore ndi mafumu. Nanga bwanji kupita ku Sicily lero? "Chabwino, tikwera boti iti?" Komabe, Ro 80 iyenera kukhala yoyenera kubweretsa chisangalalo ndikukwaniritsa zomwe mawonekedwe ake okongola, opangidwa ngati kuti ndi mphepo yomwe ikubwera, imalonjeza. Kutumiza kosangalatsa kothamanga kothamanga kothamanga kothamanga kochokera ku clutch mu gear lever kumayenera kukonzedwa bwino, pampu yoyezera mafuta mu carburetor iyenera kugwira ntchito moyenera, ndipo koposa zonse, kuyatsa, komwe kumachitidwa bwino ndi spark yopangidwa ndimagetsi. Ndi kope lathu la 1969 muzitsulo zokongola za sepia, zonse zimagwira ntchito bwino, kotero sitikufuna kuzisiya.

Injini ya KKM 612 imangoyenda yokha ikangoyambira giya yachiwiri, imathamanga kwambiri osapumira, siyisuta, imatulutsa ma 4000 rpm, ndiye nthawi yachitatu, kusunthira magiya sikunali kolemetsa kwambiri, ndipo phokoso limapitilira mpaka nthawi yoyamba ifike. Mumasunthira pang'ono pang'ono, kenako amathamangitsanso ndipo Ro 80 imayenda ngati ulusi.

NSU Ro 80 ngati ntchito zaluso

Ma gudumu akutsogolo ndi ma wheelbase amakutsimikizirani kuti mumagwira ntchito motetezeka, mabuleki a disc ndi akulu kwambiri, chotengera chotsetsereka cha chubu ndi ntchito yaluso, ndipo pamakhala chowongolera pang'ono polowera. Zida zoyamba zimangofunika mukakwera kapena mukafuna kupeza nthawi yabwino kwambiri yothamangitsira, monga poyesa mayeso m'chilimwe cha 1968.

Ford 20M yosakwanira mokwanira ndi yotsutsana ndi NSU mu mawonekedwe ndi luso. Kusinthana kwa atsogoleri kumakhala chisokonezo pachikhalidwe. Vanguard adasinthidwa ndi Biedermeier. Kutsogolo kwa Frisky ndi mphuno yayikulu ya Knudsen (monga abwana a Ford panthawiyo), monga ku Lincoln kuyambira 1963, mkati mwazinthu zambiri zamatabwa zamagetsi a XL, zowongolera zomwe zimawoneka ngati zomvetsa chisoni kwina mu nthawi ya Art Deco. Koma woimira Ford, yemwe sakondedwanso ndi omwe adayesa kale mu RS yokhazikitsidwa pomenya nkhondo chifukwa cha "mawonekedwe ake onyenga ndi zokongoletsa zabodza," akumvera chisoni poyandikira kwambiri. Ndiwosangalatsa, samadzionetsera ngati wofunikira ndipo amayesera kutulutsa mawonekedwe owoneka bwino momwe angathere.

Ford 20M ndikukhumba moyo

Galimotoyo si yodabwitsa komanso yosayendetsa bwino pamsewu, koma m'mbuyomu anzake adalemekeza makhalidwe ake amphamvu ngakhale kuti tsamba lakumbuyo limakhala lolimba. Mu Ford 20M, mumakhala momasuka, kusangalala kusuntha chowonda, chapakati, chomwe chimakhala ndi sitiroko yaku Britain. Komanso, injini ya V6 pansi pa nyumba yayitali imanong'oneza mosangalatsa komanso imamveka ndi kufewa kwa silky, komanso kuthamanga kwambiri ndi phokoso laukali la chitoliro. Ndipo ichi ndi chingamu chosamveka kotero kuti mutha kulowa mu gear yachitatu. Zowonadi, P7 iyi ili ndi thupi loyipitsitsa kwambiri mwa omenyera nkhondo asanu, koma izi ndizizindikiro zankhondo kuyambira moyo wazaka 45.

Mosiyana ndi maonekedwe ake, iye wakweradi waumulungu. Mosakayikira, Ro 80 m'chigawo chino sangathe kuyatsa konse. Ford yekha chitsanzo, ngakhale zaka zambiri panja, zimasonyeza pafupifupi wosazimitsidwa chilakolako cha moyo. Mabuleki, chiwongolero, chassis - zonse zili bwino, palibe chomwe chimagogoda, palibe phokoso lakunja lomwe limawononga malingaliro. Galimoto akufotokozera 120 Km / h popanda mavuto ndi chete kuposa mphepo yamkuntho ndi ophunzira ena. Ma 108 bhp ochepa, omwe ndi otsika kwambiri muulamuliro wa asanu monga galimoto yokha, sizowoneka bwino - 20M ikuwoneka yamphamvu kuposa mtundu wa Mercedes, komanso yamphamvu kuposa Opel Commodore, yomwe ili mu Mtundu wa Fastback Coupe umakonda ndi mabotolo ake osiyanasiyana a Coca-Cola

Opel Commodore m'mawonekedwe aku America

Opel yamasewera, yopindika m'chiuno imamveka ngati "galimoto yamafuta" yaku America yokhala ndi denga la vinilu, mazenera am'mbali opanda zingwe, chiwongolero cha aluminiyamu, komanso makina olimba a T-bar. Ikuwoneka kuti ili ndi "block" yayikulu ya 6,6-lita. Mosakayikira, mu mtundu wake wanthawi zonse wa 2,5-lita wokhala ndi 120 hp. The Commodore ndi achigololo moti dzina limamveka "cool".

Ngati tingathe m'gulu sikisi yamphamvu "Mercedes" monga m'manja omasuka saloon, ndi zoona kwambiri za chitsanzo Opel. M'mbali mwake, mipando yokwezeka yomwe mumakhala mozama, sinthani chowongolera kuti muyike D ndikumvera mawu omveka bwino a injini ya silinda sikisi kutsogolo, zolembera zomwe sizimasiyanitsa ndi Ford. Ndipo woimira Opel sadzakuyesani kuti mupite mofulumira kwambiri; Zimaphatikizanso lingaliro la "boulevard coupe" wamba - mazenera opindika, chigongono chakumanzere ndi Miles Davis pang'ono kuchokera pa chojambulira. "Sketches of Spain" ake amasakanikirana ndi phokoso la injini ya silinda sikisi, mwatsoka ndi utoto wakuda.

Kusintha kwa mtsogoleri

Panthawi imeneyo, wopambana adatsimikiziridwa ndi mfundo, ndipo iyi ndi Mercedes 230. Lero tikhoza kufalitsa wina - ndipo awiri oyambirira mu chiwerengero chawo asintha malo. NSU Ro 80 ndi galimoto yomwe, ndi chikhalidwe chake chodabwitsa cha dziko, mawonekedwe ake okongola ndi machitidwe a pamsewu, amadzutsa chidwi chachikulu. Mercedes ya silinda sikisi imatenga malo achiwiri chifukwa ikuwonetsa zofooka pakuwunika kwamalingaliro. Koma mu mawonekedwe a kunong'ona mvula 230 ndi osamalira kuyeretsa gulugufe, iye akhoza kupambana mitima.

Pomaliza

Mkonzi Alf Kremers: Zachidziwikire, wosankhidwa wanga ndi Ro. Ndizokayikitsa kuti Ro 80 si galimoto yomwe imasilira kwambiri. Mawonekedwe ndi chassis zili patsogolo pa nthawi yawo - ndipo kuyendetsa sikoyenera kwa aliyense. Mtundu wa Ford umayambitsa malingaliro amphamvu, tinasiyana ndi P7 kalekale, ndipo tsopano zabweranso kwa ine. V6 yake ndi yabata modabwitsa, yogwirizana komanso imamveka bwino. Momwe munganene: osadandaula ndi chilichonse.

Zolemba: Alf Kremers

Chithunzi: Rosen Gargolov

"Zisanu zokhala ndi zonena" mu AMS ya 1968

Mayeso oyerekeza awa amitundu isanu ochokera kugulu lapamwamba lapakati mu magazine auto motor und sport akupereka dongosolo latsatanetsatane lomwe likugwirabe ntchito. Imagawidwa mu ziwerengero ziwiri, zomwe mosakayikira zimawonjezera kuchuluka kwa voteji pokhudzana ndi kutulutsa komaliza. Kuyendetsa movutikira modabwitsa komanso kotenga nthawi kunachitika ku France. Zolinga ndi njira yozungulira ku Le Mans komanso m'chigawo cha Brittany. Gawo lachiwiri la nkhani 15/1968 lotchedwa "Kupambana Kwambiri" - ndipo ndithudi, ndi mfundo ziwiri zokha patsogolo pa NSU Ro 80 yosintha, Mercedes 230 inatenga malo oyamba (mfundo 285). Malo achitatu amapita ku BMW 2000 tilux yokhala ndi mapointi 276, kutsatiridwa ndi Ford 20M ndi Opel Commodore GS yokhala ndi mapointi 20 kumbuyo kwa BMW. Panthawi imeneyo, 20M 2600 S ndi 125 hp. Zikadakhala zoyenera kuposa mtundu wa 2,3-lita ndikudula mtunda wa BMW.

Zambiri zaukadaulo

BMW 2000 tii, E118	Galimoto ya Ford 20M XL 2300 S, P7B	Mercedes-Benz 230, W 114	NSU Ro80	Opel Commodore Coupe 2500 S, mtundu A
Ntchito voliyumu	1990 CC	2293 CC	2292 CC	2 × 497,5 CC	2490 CC
Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu	130 ks (96 kW) pa 5800 rpm	108 ks (79 kW) pa 5100 rpm	120 ks (88 kW) pa 5400 rpm	115 ks (85 kW) pa 5500 rpm	120 ks (88 kW) pa 5500 rpm
Kuchuluka makokedwe	179 Nm pa 4500 rpm	182 Nm pa 3000 rpm	179 Nm pa 3600 rpm	158 Nm pa 4000 rpm	172 Nm pa 4200 rpm
Kupititsa patsogolo 0-100 km / h	10,8 s	11,8 s	13,5 s	12,5 s	12,5 s
Ma braking mtunda pa liwiro la 100 km / h	palibe deta	palibe deta	palibe deta	palibe deta	palibe deta
Kuthamanga kwakukulu	185 km / h	175 km / h	175 km / h	180 km / h	175 km / h
Kuchuluka kwa mowa mafuta pamayeso	12,8 malita / 100 km	13,5 malita / 100 km	13,5 malita / 100 km	14 malita / 100 km	12,5 malita / 100 km
Mtengo Woyamba	Zizindikiro 13 (000)	Zizindikiro 9645 (1968)	palibe deta	Zizindikiro 14 (150)	Zizindikiro 10 (350)