Kuyesa koyesa kwa Skoda yakale

Kuti mudzipeze mu 1960s, muyenera kuyika foni yanu yam'manja ndikupatula nthawi yanu. Zaka 50 zapitazo, anthu anali osangalala m'galimoto zogwira modabwitsa komanso mainjini opinimbira. Ndipo palibe chomwe chikuwoneka kuti chasintha

Ndinakanikiza mabuleki mpaka mphindi yotsiriza, koma kutsika kwa Octavia Super kudangotsika pang'ono. Poyesa koyamba ndinalowa m'giya yoyenera ndi cholembera chododometsa ndipo ndinapitabe patsogolo pa galimotoyo. Galimoto iyi ndiyofulumira kuposa kuthamanga. Komabe, pali pafupifupi 45 hp. - munthu wamkulu wa Skoda koyambirira kwa 1960. Patadutsa makilomita ochepa, ngoloyo idakumananso ndi galimoto ikuyendetsa ndi mphamvu zake zonse ndikunyoza mwamwano.

Skoda ndi m'modzi mwa opanga magalimoto akale kwambiri, ngati tilingalira zoyambira chaka cha maziko a kampani Laurin & Klement (1895), yomwe pambuyo pake idasowa mu Skoda yayikulu. Ndipo musaganizire kuti poyamba adatulutsa njinga, ndipo adapanga galimoto yoyamba mu 1905. Mulimonsemo, zaka zana ndizowonjezera kwakukulu ku chithunzi cha mtunduwo. Ndipo mwachilengedwe, Skoda ikuyesera kutengera chidwi chawo ku cholowa chake ndipo mbiri yakale ndizomwe zimafunikira.

Magalimoto m'malo osiyanasiyana amafika pamsonkhanowu. Skoda 1201 wa imvi, ngakhale ali ndi zaka 60, amawoneka bwino ndipo, mwa njira, amasewera m'mafilimu. Mwiniwake ali ndi chopereka chachikulu. A Felicias ofiira ofiira otseguka akuwoneka kuti achoka pamzere wamsonkhano. Octavia yoyera posachedwapa yamenya wina, ndipo zipsera zake zajambulidwa mwachangu ndi bulashi la utoto. Skoda 1000MB yowonongeka ili ndi chiongolero chosakhala chobadwira komanso mabatani pagululi, ndipo mipando ili ndi zokutira zokoma. Koma mwiniwake aliyense amasamala kwambiri komanso amasirira galimoto yake. Chitani china chake cholakwika - yang'anani chitonzo ndi mavuto.

"China sichili bwino" - izi zikukodwanso m'bokosi la gear la Octavia. Choyamba, chosunthira ndalezo chokha kumanja pansi pa chiwongolero sichachilendo. Kachiwiri, chiwembucho ndichopenga. Choyamba pa wekha ndi pamwamba? Kapena kuchokera kwa inu nokha? Ndipo chachitatu? Magalimoto opanga mochedwa amakhala ndi lever pansi, koma kusintha sikophweka - woyamba sakhala kumanzere, koma kumanja. Pa Octavia Super yamphamvu kwambiri, simutha kusinthana pafupipafupi ngati pa Octavia wamba, ndikukwera kukwera - bass motor imatuluka.

Mabuleki olingalira mozama salinso okwanira kuyimira pomwe mukufuna. Pafupifupi 80 km / h, galimoto iyenera kugwidwa ndi chiwongolero chobowoleza - kuyimitsidwa kumbuyo kwa kampani ya Shkoda ndimayendedwe olowera. Momwe iwo adayendetsera ma Octavias pamsonkhano wa Monte Carlo ndipo ngakhale atachita bwino ndichinsinsi.

Nthawi imeneyo, anthu anali osiyana, komanso magalimoto. Mwachitsanzo, magazini ya "Za Rulem" mu 1960; yatamanda Octavia chifukwa cha "mphamvu yayikulu komanso magwiridwe antchito othamanga" komanso kutembenuka kwa Felicia chifukwa chothamanga komanso yosavuta. Pafupifupi nthawi imodzi ndi Octavia, USSR idatulutsa Moskvich-402. Ndi miyeso yofananira, thupi lake la zitseko 4 linali losavuta, ndipo injini inali yokulirapo. Magiya adasinthidwanso ndi lever pazenera. Iwo anali opikisana osati masewera, komanso kugonjetsa misika yotumiza kunja: gawo lalikulu la Moskvichs opangidwa ndi Skodas adapita kunja. Kwa mayiko achisosholizimu, kutumiza magalimoto kunja kunali gwero la ndalama, chifukwa chake mitengo sinathe. "Octavias", kuwonjezera pa Europe, adafika ku Japan. Ku New Zealand, Trekka SUV idapangidwa pamaziko ake. Omasulira achisomo a Felicia adayesedwa kuti agulitsidwe ku USA.

Kuti mukhale koyambirira kwama 1960s, muyenera kuyimitsa foni yanu ndikusiya kuthamanga. Rally yakale si masewera othamanga. Apa, ngati mukufuna kupikisana, ndiye nthawi yeniyeni yazigawo zapadera. Ndipo ndibwino kudumpha masewera onse palimodzi ndikuyenda pang'onopang'ono pa Skoda 1201, yomwe imawoneka ngati kachilomboka konyezimira. Ndipo nthawi yomweyo mumalephera ngakhale m'mbuyomu, pomwe galimotoyo inali yachilendo ndipo idagawidwa pakati pa osankhika. Atsogoleri ndi oyang'anira akulu adakwera ndi kamphepo kayaziyazi kumbuyo kwa Tatras wokhala ndi V8. Ma Skoda 1201 ochepa adanyamula akuluakulu aboma, oyang'anira zipani zapakati ndikugwira ntchito m'mabungwe azoyang'anira zamkati.

Ndi galimoto yotchuka kuposa Octavia, koma pansi pa hood imakhalanso ndi injini ya 1,2-lita. Ngakhale kuti mu 1955 mphamvu ya chipindacho idakulitsidwa mpaka 45 hp, izi sizingakwanire galimoto yofanana ndi "Kupambana". Komabe, chapakatikati pa zaka za m'ma 1950 zinali zabwino kuyendetsa galimoto, ngakhale itakhala yothamanga kapena yochedwa. Kukhala pa sofa wofewa kwambiri wokhala ndi msana wotsika komanso chiongolero chachikulu chokhala ndi mkombero woonda umasinthira kuyenda kosafulumira.

Musanasunthire ndodo yayikulu yomwe ili kumbuyo kwa chiwongolero, mutha kuzengereza, kukumbukira chiwembu cha magiya - ndizosiyana pano ndi ku Octavia. Speedometer yokongola yokhala ndi bezel yokutidwa ndi chrome ndi galasi yotsekemera imadziwika mpaka 140 km / h, koma singano siyenda ngakhale theka. Komabe, 1201 imagwira mseuwo bwino kuposa Octavia, ngakhale ili ndi mipiringidzo yofanana. Simungazindikire malire othamanga m'matawuni - mumayendabe pang'onopang'ono. Wina wayimba kale phokoso kumbuyo.

Ngolo yamagetsi yokongola idapangidwa pamizeremizere yomweyo, yachikhalidwe pamakampani opanga magalimoto aku Czech. Mu 1961, adayambiranso restyling ndipo adapangidwa mpaka koyambirira kwa ma 1970. Izi sizosadabwitsa: pazosowa za ambulansi, kunalibe galimoto yabwinoko, makamaka popeza injini ya Skodas yatsopano idasunthira kumbuyo.

Mu 1962, Czechoslovakia idaloleza kugulitsa kwaulere kwamagalimoto, ndipo Skoda anali kumaliza kupanga pulogalamu yatsopano yopanga ndi kupanga chomera chatsopano chomwe chimapanga. Okonza amakumana ndi ntchito yaying'ono: zachilendo ziyenera kukhala zazikulu mokwanira, pomwe sizikulemera makilogalamu 700 ndikuwononga malita 5-7 pa 100 km.

Europe ndi United States, pochita mantha ndi vuto la Suez, adayesetsanso kuchepetsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwamagalimoto. Alec Issigonis adayimitsa galimoto mozungulira, adayendetsa magudumu akutsogolo - ndi momwe Briteni Mini idawonekera. Zolemba zambiri zamakono zimamangidwa molingana ndi chiwembuchi, koma pakadali pano zinali zosowa. Injini yomwe inali kumbuyo kumbuyo kwake inali yofala kwambiri - idapangitsa kuti nyumbayo ikhale yopanda pake. Chinsinsicho ndichakale ngati VW Kafer komanso chosavuta. Hillman adachitanso chimodzimodzi ndi Imp minicar, Renault wokhala ndi Model 8 ndi Chevrolet wokhala ndi Corvair yachilendo. Zang'ono "Zaporozsians" ndi "Tatras" zazikulu zidapangidwa molingana ndi chiwonetsero cha injini yakumbuyo. Ndipo, kumene, Skoda sanathe kudutsa.

Wocheperako komanso wofulumira, 1000 MB siyofanana ndi galimoto yotsika mtengo komanso yotchuka. Gulu lakumaso ndi losavuta - nthawi yakusintha ndi chrome yadutsa, koma nthawi yomweyo chapamwamba chimakonzedwa ndi leatherette yofewa. Anthu okwera kumbuyo amakhala omasuka kukhala pansi kuposa Octavia - zitseko ziwiri zowonjezera zimatsogolera mzere wachiwiri. Ndipo kukhala - momasuka, ngakhale m'munsi mwagalimoto yakumbuyo ndikokulirapo pang'ono. Skoda 1000 MB ili ndi zodabwitsa zambiri: kuseri kwa dzina la mbale kumbuyo chotetezera kuli khosi lodzaza, kumbuyo kwa fascia kutsogolo kuli gudumu lopuma. Chipinda chonyamula katundu kutsogolo kutsogolo kwa nyumbayo si chokhacho, pali chipinda china "chachinsinsi" kumbuyo kwakumbuyo kwa mpando wakumbuyo. Ma skis amatha kuphatikizidwa ndi thunthu, TV imatha kutumizidwa munyumba. Kwa munthu wosawonongedwa wochokera kudziko lina, Mgwirizano wa Warsaw ndiwokwanira.

Udindo wa woyendetsa ndiwotsimikizika - wotsika, kumbuyo kokhotakhota kwa mpando kumapangitsa kuti ukhale wosakira, ndipo palibenso malo oyikapo mwendo wakumanzere, kupatula pansi pa chowombelera - mawilo akutsogolo kwambiri amakhala otukuka kwambiri.

Injini yopanga zachilendo yokhala ndi zotchinga za aluminiyamu ndi mutu wachitsulo ndizophatikizika kotero kuti zinali zotheka kuyika rediyeta yayikulu ndi fani kumanzere. Kuzirala kwamadzi kunakhala kotheka kuposa kuzirala kwa mpweya, monga mu Tatra - panalibe chifukwa chokhala anzeru ndi chitofu cha mafuta. Ndi buku la lita imodzi mphamvu unit akufotokozera 42 ndiyamphamvu. Osati zambiri, koma galimotoyo imangolemera makilogalamu oposa 700 okha. Ngati achikulire atatu sanakhale mmenemo, 1000 MB imatha kupita mwachangu kwambiri. Koma atakwera motalika, nthawi ndi nthawi amakumana ndi Octavia yemwe samangoyenda. Ndipo imalowa mu utsi wotulutsa imvi. Ndikofunika kuthana ndi ma mawindo pazenera - amayang'aniridwa ndi "ana ankhosa" osiyana ndipo amachita ngati chowongolera mpweya. Kuphatikiza apo, nayi "zone zinayi" - ma air vent amaperekedwa ngakhale kwa okwera kumbuyo.

Mwiniwake wamagalimoto nthawi ndi nthawi amawonetsa ndi dzanja lake: "Kuzingidwa." Zodandaula osati matayala okhaokha, komanso magwiridwe antchito. Mphamvu yokhayokha pa chiwongolero chopanda kanthu ikayamba kukula, galimoto imasandulika kukhala yotembenukira - chifukwa cha izi ndikugawana kwa mainjini kumbuyo ndi magudumu oyenda pama shaft a axle: 1000 MB ndi nsapato, monga ma Skodas onse akale.

Mmodzi mosakumbukira amakumbukira Chevrolet Corvair, ngwazi ya buku "Zowopsa mulimonse", koma sizokayikitsa kuti china chonga ichi chikadatha kulembedwa ku Czechoslovakia. Makamaka chifukwa Corveyr anali ndi injini yolemera kwambiri komanso yamphamvu kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, galimoto imasamalidwa mosamala - inali chinthu chofunikira kutumiza kunja, osanenapo msika wakunyumba. Ndipo pambuyo pa Octavia, 1000 MB idadziwika ngati chombo.

Chifukwa chake, mpaka 1969, pafupifupi magalimoto theka miliyoni adapangidwa, ndipo pambuyo pake adasintha kukhala 100 - yomwe ngwazi ya nyimbo "Jozhin s bazhin" idayendetsa molowera ku Orava ndipo, atawunjika mulu wa buramu , Adalonjeza kuti agwira chilombocho.

M'malo mwake, kunali kukonzanso kwakukulu kwa 1000 MB yokhala ndi nkhope yatsopano, mkatimo, mabuleki akutsogolo ndi ma motors amphamvu kwambiri. Mpaka 1977, makina opitilira miliyoni imodzi adapangidwa. Mbiri yakumbuyo kwa Skoda idatha kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1990, ndipo zaka zingapo m'mbuyomu, Favorit, Skoda yomwe timazolowera, idayamba kuchoka pamzere wamsonkhano.

Tsopano sitingaganizire galimoto yopanda chiwongolero chamagetsi, zowongolera mpweya, zamagetsi zachitetezo ndi nyimbo. Mitundu yonse yatsopano ya Skoda ili ndi injini kutsogolo, ndipo mmalo mwa njira zachilendo zaukadaulo - zinthu zothandiza: onse okhala ndi makapu amatsenga, maambulera komanso chitetezo chammbali chazitseko. Ngakhale Rapid yosavuta ndiyabwino komanso yotakasika kuposa galimoto iliyonse yakale. Ndipo Kodiaq ndi wamphamvu kangapo komanso mwachangu. Koma ngakhale zinali choncho, mumagalimoto okhala ndi magwiridwe odabwitsa komanso ma mota othinama, anthu anali osangalala. Kukwera kulikonse kunali kosangalatsa ndipoulendo uliwonse unali ulendo.