Kuwona majekeseni a dizilo

Mphuno za injini ya dizilo, komanso injini ya jakisoni, zimakhala zoipitsidwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Chifukwa chake, eni ambiri agalimoto okhala ndi dizilo ICE akudabwa - momwe angayang'anire majekeseni a dizilo? kawirikawiri, ngati kutsekedwa, mafuta saperekedwa kwa ma cylinders panthawi yake, ndipo kuwonjezeka kwa mafuta kumachitika, komanso kutenthedwa ndi kuwononga pisitoni. Komanso, kupsa mtima kwa mavavu n'zotheka, ndi kulephera kwa particulate fyuluta.

Majekeseni a injini ya dizilo

Kuyang'ana majekeseni a dizilo kunyumba

Mu ma ICE amakono a dizilo, imodzi mwazinthu ziwiri zodziwika bwino zamafuta zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kulikonse. Njanji wamba (yokhala ndi rampu wamba) ndi chojambulira pampu (pomwe pa silinda iliyonse mphuno yake imaperekedwa padera).

Onse a iwo amatha kupereka mkulu chilengedwe ubwenzi ndi dzuwa injini kuyaka mkati. Popeza machitidwe a dizilowa amagwira ntchito ndipo amakonzedwa mofananamo, koma Common Rail ikupita patsogolo kwambiri pakuchita bwino ndi phokoso, ngakhale kuti imataya mphamvu, yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza pa magalimoto okwera, ndiye tikambirana za izo. patsogolo. Ndipo tidzakuuzani za opareshoni, kuwonongeka ndi kuyang'ana mpope jekeseni padera, chifukwa iyi si nkhani zochepa chidwi, makamaka eni galimoto VAG gulu, popeza diagnostics mapulogalamu si kovuta kuchita kumeneko.

Njira yosavuta yowerengera nozzle yotsekeka ya dongosololi imatha kuchitidwa molingana ndi algorithm iyi:

Common Rail Injector

• osagwira ntchito, bweretsani liwiro la injini pamlingo womwe zovuta pakugwira ntchito kwa injini yoyaka mkati zimamveka bwino;
• chilichonse cha nozzles chimazimitsidwa ndi kumasula mtedza wa mgwirizano pamalo omangika a mzere wothamanga kwambiri;
• mukazimitsa jekeseni wamba, ntchito ya injini yoyaka moto imasintha, ngati jekeseni ili ndi vuto, injini yoyaka mkati idzapitirizabe kugwira ntchito mofananamo.

Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kuyang'ana ma nozzles ndi manja anu pa injini ya dizilo pofufuza mzere wamafuta kuti muwotche. Zidzakhala zotsatira za kuti pampu yamagetsi yothamanga kwambiri ikuyesera kupopera mafuta pansi pa kupanikizika, komabe, chifukwa cha kutsekedwa kwa nozzle, zimakhala zovuta kuzilumpha. Vuto lokonzekera lingathenso kudziwika ndi kutentha kwapamwamba kwa ntchito.

Kuyang'ana majekeseni a dizilo kuti akusefukira (kutsitsa mumzere wobwerera)

Kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa kutulutsa kubweza

Pamene ma jekeseni a dizilo amatha pakapita nthawi, pali vuto lokhudzana ndi mfundo yakuti mafuta ochokera kwa iwo amabwereranso mu dongosolo, chifukwa chomwe mpope sungathe kupereka mphamvu yofunikira yogwira ntchito. Zotsatira za izi zingakhale zovuta ndi chiyambi ndi ntchito ya injini ya dizilo.

Musanayambe kuyezetsa, mufunika kugula syringe yamankhwala ya 20 ml ndi drip system (mufunika chubu lalitali la masentimita 45 kuti mulumikize syringe). kuti mupeze jekeseni yomwe imaponya mafuta ambiri pamzere wobwerera kuposa momwe iyenera kukhalira, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zotsatirazi:

• chotsani plunger mu syringe;
• pa injini yoyaka mkati, pogwiritsa ntchito dongosolo, gwirizanitsani syringe "kubwerera" kwa nozzle (kulowetsa chubu mu khosi la syringe);
• sungani syringe kwa mphindi ziwiri kuti mafuta azikokeramo (malinga ngati atakokedwa);
• bwerezani ndondomekoyi imodzi ndi imodzi pa majekeseni onse kapena pangani makina onse nthawi imodzi.

Kutengera zambiri za kuchuluka kwamafuta mu syringe, mfundo zotsatirazi zitha kuganiziridwa:

Kuyang'ana kusefukira kwa kubwerera

• ngati syringe ilibe kanthu, ndiye kuti nozzle imagwira ntchito mokwanira;
• kuchuluka kwa mafuta mu syringe ndi voliyumu 2 mpaka 4 ml imakhalanso mkati mwanthawi zonse;
• ngati kuchuluka kwa mafuta mu syringe kupitilira 10 ... 15 ml, izi zikutanthauza kuti mphunoyo ilibe dongosolo pang'ono kapena kwathunthu, ndipo iyenera kusinthidwa / kukonzedwa (ngati itathira 20 ml, ndiye kuti kukonzanso sikuthandiza. , popeza izi zikuwonetsa kuvala kwa mpando wa valve ya nozzle ), popeza sichigwira mafuta.

Komabe, cheke chophweka chotere popanda choyimira cha hydro ndi ndondomeko yoyesera sichimapereka chithunzi chonse. Ndipotu, zowona, panthawi ya injini yoyatsira mkati, kuchuluka kwa mafuta otulutsidwa kumadalira zinthu zambiri, zikhoza kutsekedwa ndipo zimafunika kutsukidwa kapena zimapachikidwa ndipo ziyenera kukonzedwa kapena kusinthidwa. Chifukwa chake, njira iyi yowunikira majekeseni a dizilo kunyumba imakupatsani mwayi woweruza pazotulutsa zawo zokha. Moyenera, kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe amadutsamo kuyenera kukhala kofanana ndikukhala 4 ml mu mphindi ziwiri.

Mutha kupeza kuchuluka kwamafuta omwe angaperekedwe pamzere wobwerera m'buku lagalimoto yanu kapena injini yoyaka moto.

Kuti ma jakisoni agwire ntchito motalika momwe mungathere, onjezerani mafuta a dizilo apamwamba kwambiri. Ndipotu, zimadalira mwachindunji ntchito ya dongosolo lonse. Kuphatikiza apo, ikani zosefera zoyambirira zamafuta ndipo musaiwale kuzisintha munthawi yake.

Kuyang'ana majekeseni pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera

Kuyesa koopsa kwa ma jekeseni a injini ya dizilo kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chotchedwa maximeter. Dzinali limatanthauza mphuno yachitsanzo yapadera yokhala ndi kasupe ndi sikelo. Ndi chithandizo chawo, kuthamanga kwa chiyambi cha jekeseni wa mafuta a dizilo kumayikidwa.

Njira ina yotsimikizira ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito nozzle yogwira ntchito yoyang'anira, zomwe zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu injini yoyaka mkati zimafaniziridwa. Diagnostics onse amachitidwa ndi injini kuthamanga. Algorithm ya zochita ndi izi:

Maximeter

• kuchita dismantling wa nozzle ndi mzere mafuta kuchokera injini kuyaka mkati;
• tee imalumikizidwa ndi mgwirizano waulere wa pampu yamafuta othamanga kwambiri;
• masulani mtedza wa mgwirizano pazitsulo zina zapampu za jekeseni (izi zidzalola kuti mafuta aziyenda kumphuno imodzi yokha);
• zowongolera ndi zoyeserera zimalumikizidwa ndi tee;
• imayendetsa njira ya decompression;
• kuzungulira crankshaft.

Moyenera, ma jakisoni owongolera ndi kuyesa awonetse zotsatira zomwezo poyambira munthawi yomweyo jekeseni wamafuta. Ngati pali zopotoka, m'pofunika kusintha nozzle.

Njira yoyendetsera chitsanzo nthawi zambiri imatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa njira ya maximometer. Komabe, ndi yolondola komanso yodalirika. mutha kuyang'ananso magwiridwe antchito a injini yoyaka mkati ndi ma jekeseni a injini ya dizilo ndi mpope wa jakisoni pamalo osinthika apadera. Komabe, amangopezeka m'malo operekera chithandizo apadera.

Kuyeretsa jekeseni dizilo

Kuyeretsa jekeseni dizilo

mutha kuyeretsa ma nozzles a injini ya dizilo nokha. Ntchito iyenera kuchitidwa pamalo aukhondo komanso owala bwino. Kuti tichite zimenezi, nozzles amachotsedwa ndi kutsukidwa kaya palafini kapena mu mafuta dizilo popanda zosafunika. Chotsani nozzle ndi mpweya wothinikizidwa musanayambe kugwirizanitsa.

ndikofunikanso kuyang'ana ubwino wa atomization ya mafuta, ndiko kuti, mawonekedwe a "tochi" ya nozzle. Pali njira zapadera za izi. Choyamba, muyenera benchi yoyesera. Kumeneko amalumikiza nozzle, amapereka mafuta kwa izo ndikuyang'ana mawonekedwe ndi mphamvu ya jet. Nthawi zambiri, pepala lopanda kanthu limagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa, lomwe limayikidwa pansi pake. Mawonekedwe amafuta akugunda, mawonekedwe a nyali ndi magawo ena aziwoneka bwino papepala. Malingana ndi chidziwitsochi, kusintha kofunikira kungapangidwe m'tsogolomu. Waya woonda wachitsulo nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeretsa mphuno. M'mimba mwake ayenera kukhala osachepera 0,1 mm ang'onoang'ono kuposa awiri a nozzle palokha.

Ngati m'mimba mwake wa nozzle wachulukitsidwa ndi 10 peresenti kapena kupitilira apo, ndiye kuti iyenera kusinthidwa. atomizer ndi m'malo ngati kusiyana diameters wa mabowo kuposa 5%.

Kuwonongeka kotheka kwa ma jekeseni a dizilo

Ambiri chifukwa cha kulephera ndi kuphwanya zothina singano mu nozzle kalozera manja. Ngati mtengo wake wachepetsedwa, ndiye kuti mafuta ambiri amadutsa mumpata watsopano. ndicho, kwa jekeseni watsopano, kutayikira osapitirira 4% ya mafuta ogwira ntchito omwe amalowa mu silinda amaloledwa. Kawirikawiri, kuchuluka kwa mafuta kuchokera ku majekeseni ayenera kukhala ofanana. Mutha kuzindikira kutayikira kwamafuta pa jekeseni motere:

• pezani zambiri za zomwe zimayenera kukakamizidwa potsegula singano mu nozzle (zidzakhala zosiyana pa injini iliyonse yoyaka moto);
• chotsani nozzle ndikuyiyika pa benchi yoyesera;
• kupanga mwadala kuthamanga kwambiri pa nozzle;
• pogwiritsa ntchito choyimitsa wotchi, yesani nthawi yomwe kuthamanga kumatsika ndi 50 kgf / cm2 (50 atmospheres) kuchokera komwe kukulimbikitsidwa.

Kuyang'ana jekeseni pa stand

Nthawiyi imatchulidwanso muzolemba zaukadaulo za injini yoyaka mkati. Nthawi zambiri pama nozzles atsopano ndi masekondi 15 kapena kupitilira apo. Ngati nozzle yavala, nthawi ino ikhoza kuchepetsedwa mpaka masekondi 5. Ngati nthawi ili yosakwana masekondi 5, ndiye kuti jekeseniyo sakugwira ntchito kale. Mutha kuwerenga zambiri zamomwe mungakonzere majekeseni a dizilo (kusintha ma nozzles) muzowonjezera.

Ngati mpando wa valavu wa jekeseni watha (sikusunga kuthamanga kofunikira ndi kukhetsa kwakukulu kumachitika), kukonzanso kuli kopanda phindu, kumawononga ndalama zoposa theka la mtengo watsopano (omwe ndi pafupifupi ma ruble 10 zikwi).

Nthawi zina jekeseni wa dizilo amatha kutulutsa mafuta ochepa kapena ochulukirapo. Ndipo ngati mu nkhani yachiwiri kokha kukonza ndi wathunthu m'malo nozzle n'kofunika, ndiye mu nkhani yoyamba mukhoza kuchita nokha. ndicho, muyenera pogaya singano kwa chishalo. Ndipotu, chifukwa chachikulu cha kutayikira ndi kuphwanya chisindikizo kumapeto kwa singano (dzina lina ndi chosindikizira chosindikizira).

Kusinthitsa singano imodzi mumphuno popanda kusintha chitsamba chowongolera sikovomerezeka chifukwa amafanana ndi kulondola kwambiri.

Kuchotsa kutayikira kwa mphuno ya dizilo, phala lopyapyala la GOI limagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, lomwe limachepetsedwa ndi palafini. Pakupuma, kusamala kuyenera kuchitidwa kuti phala lisalowe mumpata pakati pa singano ndi manja. Kumapeto kwa ntchitoyo, zinthu zonse zimatsukidwa mu mafuta a palafini kapena dizilo popanda zonyansa. Kenako, muyenera kuwomba iwo ndi wothinikizidwa mpweya kuchokera kompresa. Mukatha kusonkhanitsa, fufuzaninso ngati pali kutayikira.

anapezazo

Majekeseni olakwika pang'ono ndi osati kutsutsa, koma kuwonongeka kosasangalatsa. Kupatula apo, ntchito yawo yolakwika imatsogolera ku katundu wambiri pazigawo zina zagawo lamagetsi. Kawirikawiri, makina amatha kuyendetsedwa ndi ma nozzles otsekedwa kapena olakwika, koma ndi zofunika kukonza mwamsanga. Izi zidzasunga injini yoyaka mkati mwa galimotoyo kuti igwire ntchito, yomwe idzakupulumutseni ku ndalama zambiri. Kotero, pamene zizindikiro zoyamba za ntchito yosakhazikika ya jekeseni pa galimoto yanu ya dizilo zikuwonekera, tikukulimbikitsani kuti muyang'ane ntchito ya jekeseni osachepera m'njira yoyambira, yomwe, monga mukuonera, ndizotheka kuti aliyense apange. kunyumba.