Mavuto a injini. Magawo osatha awa amadya mafuta

Madalaivala ambiri molakwika amakhulupirira kuti otsika mileage injini safunika kufufuza mlingo wa mafuta.

Chithunzichi ndi chowopsa pagalimoto yathu ndipo, molingana ndi chikwama chathu. Kusamala kwambiri kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi ogwiritsa ntchito magalimoto amasewera, madalaivala omwe nthawi zambiri amathamanga kwambiri pamsewu waukulu ndikuyenda maulendo ang'onoang'ono amizinda, mosasamala kanthu za msinkhu ndi mtunda wa galimoto yawo.

M'magalimoto amasewera, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumachitika chifukwa chakusokonekera mwadala kwa zida za injini. Izi ndichifukwa cha zovuta zogwirira ntchito (kuthamanga kwambiri) ndi kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zichuluke ndipo pokhapokha injini ikatentha imatha kusindikizidwa bwino.

Kuthamanga kwafupi kwa mizinda kumapangitsa kuti injini ikhale yotentha nthawi zonse ndipo mafuta amalowa pakati pa magawo ozizira, otayira a silinda ndi kulowa muchipinda choyaka.

Komano, kuyendetsa kwanthawi yayitali pa liwiro loyandikira kwambiri kumayambitsa kupanikizika kosalekeza mu cylinder cavity, komwe kumathandiziranso kutaya mafuta. Pazochitika zonsezi, akatswiri amalangiza kuyang'ana mafuta pamtundu uliwonse wamafuta kapena kamodzi pa 1000 km iliyonse.

Akonzi amalimbikitsa: SDA. Kusintha kwanjira patsogolo

Tsoka ilo, pakhala pali ndipo pali injini pamsika zomwe "zimatenga" mafuta m'malo ogwirira ntchito.

Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zambiri za izi. Kuchokera ku zolakwika zapangidwe kupita ku luso lachitsanzo choperekedwa.

Pansipa ndiyesera kuwonetsa magawo otchuka kwambiri omwe, mosasamala kanthu zaukadaulo wawo, amawotcha mafuta kuwonjezera pamafuta.

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi mapangidwe achilendo, omwe ndi injini ya Japanese Wankel. Mazda wakhala akupanga lingaliro la injini yozungulira pisitoni kwa zaka zambiri. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti nkhawa yaku Japan idatulutsa injini yoyamba yamtunduwu pansi pa chilolezo kuchokera ku NSU. Zatsopano Japanese thupi la unit anali injini anaika pa Mazda RX8, opangidwa mpaka 2012. Kugwira ntchito kwa injini kunali kochititsa chidwi. Kuchokera ku mphamvu ya 1,3, aku Japan adalandira 231 hp. Tsoka ilo, vuto lalikulu la kapangidwe kake ndi kusindikiza pisitoni yozungulira mu silinda. Pamafunika mtunda wochepa musanawonjezedwe ndikugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ambiri.

Anthu aku Japan amakhalanso ndi mavuto ndi injini za pistoni (pistoni).

Nissan mu zitsanzo za "Primiera" ndi "Almera" anaika injini 1,5 ndi 1,8 16V, amene anaika pa fakitale ndi chilema mphete pisitoni. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, ngakhale kuyesa kugwiritsa ntchito makina ndi kukonza nthawi zambiri sikunabweretse zotsatira zomwe zinkayembekezeredwa. Madalaivala omwe ataya mtima nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochulukirapo kuti asalowe m'chipinda choyaka.

Ngakhale Toyota, wodziwika chifukwa chodalirika, anali ndi mndandanda wa 1,6 ndi 1,8 Vti injini akhoza kuwotcha pa lita imodzi ya mafuta pa makilomita chikwi. Vutoli linali lalikulu kwambiri kotero kuti wopanga adaganiza zosintha midadada yonse ya injini zomwe zidalephera pansi pa chitsimikizo.

Ma injini otchuka omwe "amatenga" mafuta ndi dizilo 1,3 MultiJet / CDTi ndi mafuta a 1,4 FIRE. Ma injiniwa amayamikiridwa ndi madalaivala ndi zimango chifukwa cha kulephera kwawo kochepa, chikhalidwe chantchito komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochepa. Tsoka ilo, mulingo wamafuta a injini mu magawo awa uyenera kuyang'aniridwa kamodzi pa 1000 km iliyonse. Izi zikugwiranso ntchito kwa atsopano. Mapangidwe awa amangowotcha mafuta a injini ndikuwonjezeranso ndi gawo lazokonza pamachitidwe awa.

Injini ina yomwe "imavomereza" mafuta mu Fiat nkhawa inali injini yamafuta ya 2,0 JTS, yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchokera min. mu Alfie Romeo 156. Chipangizocho chimagwiritsa ntchito jekeseni wamafuta mwachindunji, chomwe chinasintha kwambiri magawo a injini. M'malo mwake, injini yatsopano ya ku Italy idayankha modzidzimutsa ku gasi, kuchititsa chidwi ndi mphamvu, kuyendetsa bwino komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochepa. Komabe, jakisoni wolunjika wa petulo anali ndi vuto lopaka mafuta a silinda, kulola kuti magalimoto ochepera 100 km agwiritsidwe ntchito. km anali oyenera kukonza injini yoguba. Izi zinawonetseredwa ndi kutaya kwakukulu, kosalekeza kwa mafuta a injini omwe adalowa m'chipinda choyaka moto kudzera pamalo owonongeka.

Opanga ku Germany amakumananso ndi mavuto ofanana. Mitundu yotchuka, yoyamba ya injini za TSI idachita chidwi ndi magawo ake, koma posakhalitsa zidadziwika kuti mayunitsiwo anali ndi zolakwika zambiri, zazikulu kwambiri. Ming'alu mu midadada, kugwa (kwenikweni) magiya owerengera nthawi ndi mphete zachilema za fakitale. Chotsatiracho chinapangitsa kuti anthu azigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mafuta komanso kukonzanso pang'ono kwa injini.

Wopanga wina waku Germany yemwe akulimbana ndi vutoli ndi Opel. Mitundu ya EcoTec 1,6 ndi 1,8 imadya mafuta ambiri. Izi sizimakhudza kulimba kwa mayunitsiwa, koma zimakakamiza, monga momwe zilili ndi 1,3 MultiJet / 1.4 FIRE, kuti aziyang'anira nthawi zonse komanso nthawi zonse.

A French (PSA) 1,8 XU anali ndi zovuta zofananira - mphete zolakwika ndi zosindikizira za valavu zomwe mafuta adadumphira adakakamiza Peugeot kuti amalize mwachangu gawoli. Kuyambira 1999, chomeracho chakhala chikugwira ntchito mosalakwitsa.

Momwemonso, injini yopambana mphoto zambiri komanso yotchuka kwambiri ya 1,6 THP yosonkhanitsidwa ndi PSA ndi BMW. Zimachitikanso pano kuti unit yatsopano imatha kuwotcha lita imodzi yamafuta pamtunda wa makilomita 2500 aliwonse.

Zitsanzo zomwe zili pamwambazi zikuwonetseratu kuti mavuto a "mafuta" amakhudza mapangidwe ambiri a magalimoto. Zilibe kanthu dziko lochokera, zaka kapena mtunda. Ndi magalimoto atsopano, mungayesere kulengeza galimotoyo, koma opanga amadziteteza ku ngongole mwa kupereka mlingo wogwiritsa ntchito mafuta mu bukhuli - lita imodzi pa kilomita chikwi.

Kodi tingatani ngati madalaivala? Control! Pa mafuta aliwonse kapena ma 1000 km aliwonse, chotsani dipstick ndikuwunika kuchuluka kwamafuta. Munthawi ya turbocharging ndi jakisoni wachindunji, gawo ili lantchito lakhala lofunikira kwambiri kuposa zaka zingapo zapitazo.

Onaninso: Peugeot 308 station wagon