Zizindikiro za cholumikizira chosagwira bwino cha galimoto

Clutch yamagalimoto ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakufalitsa, momwe ukadaulo wake umatsimikizira chitonthozo ndi chitetezo cha magalimoto. Panthawi yogwira ntchito, clutch ingafunike kusintha, kukonza, ndi kusinthidwa, kutengera kuchuluka kwa kuvala. Clutch ndi mfundo yomwe imatchedwa "consumable", chifukwa imakhazikitsidwa pazigawo zotsutsana, ndi ziwalo zomwe zimakhala ndi katundu wambiri nthawi zonse. Kenako, tiwona momwe tingadziwire vuto la clutch, mtundu wanji wa zowonongeka zomwe zimachitika komanso momwe tingakonzere.

Zomwe zimathandizira kufulumira kwa clutch

Chifukwa choyamba komanso chachikulu chothamangitsira kuvala kwa clutch ndikusamalidwa mosasamala kwa dalaivala, ndiko kuti, kuyambira mwadzidzidzi, kutsetsereka, kugwirizira chopondapo kwa nthawi yayitali. Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti pali magawo awiri mu clutch omwe amalephera mofulumira kwambiri, ndipo, motero, musalekerere zovuta zogwiritsira ntchito - clutch friction disc ndi kumasulidwa. Chimbale cha clutch chimayamba kutha msanga, ndipo kuvala kwake kowonjezereka kumadziwika ndi fungo linalake, lomwe limatchedwa "clutch scorched", ndi kutulutsa kumasulidwa, chifukwa cha nthawi yayitali, crunches ndi buzzes.

Mfundo yachiwiri ili mu ubwino wa zigawo. Ngati mumagula clutch payokha, ndiye kuti kusiyana kwa zinthuzo kumakhudza kwambiri msonkhano wonse. Clutch yabwino imagwira ntchito pang'ono, nthawi zina imatsika. Ndipo potsiriza, chifukwa chachitatu ndi zosayenera clutch unsembe. Ikhoza kukhala imodzi mwa izi:

• disc ya friction imayikidwa kumbuyo;
• kumasula "sikukhala" mokwanira m'malo mwake;
• chimbale zowalamulira sanali ozikidwa pa unsembe.

Zowalamulira Kulephera Zizindikiro

Pali zisonyezo zambiri zachindunji komanso zosadziwika za kuvala zowalamulira. Kuti mudziwe zifukwa zake, m'pofunika kuchita mosamala matenda, omwe angasonyeze mwachindunji gawo lina lomwe silikugwirizana. Kuphatikiza apo, pazizindikiro izi, muphunzira kumvetsetsa pazifukwa zomwe gawo lina la clutch lidalephera.

Ganizirani zizindikilo zazikulu zomwe zikuwonetsa kuvala zowalamulira

• zowalamulira si kwathunthu disengaged. Chizindikirochi chimatchedwa "clutch lead", ndipo chimachitika chifukwa choti cholembera chomenyera chikakanikizidwa, ma disc oyendetsa ndi osayendetsa samatseguka bwino, ndipo mawonekedwe awo amagwiranso ntchito. Chifukwa cha izi, kusintha kwamagalimoto kumayendetsedwa ndi ma crunching ma synchronizers kapena sikutheka kuyendetsa magiya mpaka pomwe dalaivala amafinya zowalamulira kangapo;
• kutsetsereka kwa disk yoyendetsedwa. Kuterereka kumachitika chifukwa chodziphatikiritsa kokwanira kumtunda wa flywheel, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chipangizocho chikhale chosatheka kwenikweni. Mukangotulutsa zowalamulira, muwona kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa ma revs, pomwe galimoto imathamanga mwachangu. Kuterera kumatsagana ndi fungo lamphamvu la ferrodo yopsereza, yomwe imatchedwa "clutch burning". Kutengera kukula kwa clutch avale, kutsetsereka kumatha kukugwirani mukamayendetsa kutsika, mwachangu kwambiri kapena galimoto ikadzaza kwathunthu;
• kunjenjemera ndi mawu akunja... Nthawi zotere zimachitika pamene clutch imatsegulidwa ndikuzimitsidwa, m'njira zambiri amalankhula zakusavomerezeka kwa akasupe amadzimadzi a disc yoyendetsedwa komanso kutulutsa kolakwika;
• zowalamulira... Zimachitika koyambirira kwa mayendedwe, ndipo kugwedezeka kumatha kuchitika mukasunthika mukuyendetsa.

Momwe mungayang'anire zowalamulira

Ngati inu, mukamayendetsa galimotoyo, mwawona chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za khalidwe losakwanira la clutch lomwe tafotokozazi, werengani mozama momwe mungadziwire nokha makina a clutch popanda kuchotsa gearbox.

"Amatsogolera" kapena "Sakutsogolera"

Kuti mudziwe ngati "clutch" imatsogolera kapena ayi, muyenera kudziwa motere: yambitsani injini, tsitsani chopondapo ndikuyesa kuchitapo kanthu poyamba kapena kusinthira zida. Ngati giya akugwira ntchito movutikira, limodzi ndi mawu enieni - izi zikusonyeza kuti mkangano chimbale sichimachoka kwathunthu ku flywheel.

Kusiyanitsa kwachiwiri kwa matenda kumachitika poyenda, pomwe galimoto ikunyamula kapena ikutsika, pomwe mudzamva fungo la clutch wowotcha.

Kodi zowalamulira zimaterera

Kuti muwone, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito brake yamanja. Chonde dziwani kuti galimotoyo iyenera kuyimitsidwa pamalo abwino. Timayamba injini, kufinya zowawa, kuyatsa zida zoyambira, pomwe handbrake imayatsidwa. Ngati galimoto, pamene chopondapo zowalamulira amamasulidwa, makola, msonkhano zowalamulira zikugwira ntchito, muzochitika zina zilizonse zofunika diagnostics ndi kuchotsa gearbox. 

Kuwona zovala zowalamulira

Ndi zazing'ono kuyang'ana zowalamulira malingana ndi chiwembu zotsatirazi:

1. Yambitsani injini ndikuchita zida za 1.
2. Kutulutsa mosadodometsa chophatikacho, popanda gassing, yesetsani kuyamba.

Ngati galimotoyo idayamba kuyenda mutangoyamba kutulutsa chopondapo, ndiye kuti clutch sinathe. "Kugwira" kwa clutch pakati pa pedal matalikidwe - kuvala ndi 40-50%. Galimoto ikayamba kuyenda pokhapokha ngati chowongolera chowongolera chikutulutsidwa, izi zikuwonetsa kusagwira bwino ntchito, pomwe diski yoyendetsedwa ndi yoyendetsa ikhoza kukhala yabwino kwambiri, ndipo silinda ya kapolo wa clutch yalephera kapena chingwe chatambasulidwa.

Zimayambitsa kulephera zowalamulira

Nthawi zambiri, eni galimoto akukumana ndi vuto la kusakwanira kwa machitidwe a clutch pokhapokha ngati zizindikilo zowonekera zapezeka. Zifukwa zenizeni:

• valani pagalimoto kapena disk yoyendetsedwa, kapena msonkhano. Nthawi zonse, zowalamulira zimatha kugwira ntchito moyenera makilomita 70. Monga lamulo, disc yolimbana ndikumasulidwa ikutha, ndipo dengu lokhalo nthawi zina limagwirabe ntchito;
• ntchito yovuta yamagalimoto. Kutsetsereka kosalekeza, kukanikiza mwamphamvu pachipangiracho, kusunthira magiya modumpha kwambiri ndikuponyera kwa clutch pedal kumapangitsa kuti mkangano uzikhala "woyaka". Komanso, zilizonse zolemetsa monga kupitirira kulemera kwazitsulo, kukwera phompho, komanso kuyesa "kulumpha" kuchokera panjira, komanso "kuwotcha" clutch kale kwambiri kuposa momwe zingathere;
• Kulephera kwa kutulutsa kotulutsa. Poterepa, imayamba "kudya" masamba a dengu, chifukwa chomwe disk yoyendetsedwa imayamba kutsatira mwamphamvu flywheel;
• kugwedezeka pamene mukuchotsa / kugwirizanitsa chingwe. Panthawiyi, chimbale chogwedeza chimazungulira "chopanda ntchito", ndipo ngati panalibe akasupe odutsa omwe amaperekedwa pamapangidwewo, mumamva kugwedezeka nthawi zonse. Akasupe amalola diski kusinthasintha popanda kugwedezeka, ndipo ikatambasulidwa, kugwedezeka kwa shaft yolowera kumawonjezeka, ndipo kuvala kwa flywheel kumawonjezeka.

Zifukwa zomwe zili pamwambazi ndizofanana, ndipo zimachitika nthawi zonse poyendetsa galimoto. Pazifukwa zadzidzidzi, ndizokwanira:

• chimbale choyendetsedwa chimatha pamaso pa anthu ena onse, komabe, dengu ndi flywheel zitha kukhala ndi mlandu chifukwa chazembera chifukwa chakukhala kosakwanira kwa malo ogwira ntchito;
• dengu limatha kutaya katundu wake likatenthedwa. Izi zimawoneka pokhapokha clutch itachotsedwa, ngati mumvetsera ntchito padengu, ndiye kuti mithunzi ya buluu ikuwonetsa kuti chipangizocho chimagwira ntchito mopitilira muyeso;
• kuvala koyambirira kwa clutch kumachitikanso chifukwa chakusokonekera kwa chisindikizo chamafuta akumbuyo cha crankshaft komanso chisindikizo chamafuta a gearbox. Kulimba kwa nyumba zowakomera ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri, kotero kuti kupeza mafuta pazitsulo sikungowonjezera kutsetsereka kwa clutch yatsopano, komanso kumathandizira kuti m'malo mwake mulowe m'malo mwachangu;
• mawotchi kulephera kwa zowalamulira. "Kutayika" kwamatumba am'mabasiketi, kutulutsa kotsekedwa kotulutsidwa, kuwonongeka kwa disc yoyendetsedwa kumachitika ngati cholumikizira chosavomerezeka, pansi pazoyeserera zoyipa, ndikusintha kwa gawolo mosayembekezereka.

Zovuta zowalamulira

Kuti mudziwe ndi kuthetsa vuto la clutch, m'pofunika kumvetsetsa chikhalidwe cha khalidwe la clutch, kutanthauzira kwa kusagwira bwino ntchito komanso chidziwitso cha dongosolo la dongosolo, zomwe tidzakambirana pambuyo pake.

Zowononga dengu losavomerezeka

Kulephera kwa dengu lawo lokulirapo kumadziwika ndi izi:

• phokoso amapangidwa pamene zowalamulira mbamuikha. Ngati, pochotsa bokosi lamagiya ndi zovuta zina zotsatira, disk yoyendetsedwa ndi kutulutsa zowalamulira zili zabwinobwino, ndiye kuti mabasiketi amakhala kuti ataya katundu wawo wamasika;
• kusweka kwa gawo la diaphragm mudengu kapena kuthyola masamba;
• dzimbiri. Kutheka kwa kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kwa dengu kumadalira kuzama kwa warpage ngati dzimbiri ndilachiphamaso.

 Cholakwika cholumikizira disc

Kulephera kwa disc yoyendetsedwa kumachitika nthawi zambiri, kumawonetsedwa pamakhalidwe, monga "kuyendetsa" ndikutuluka:

• kulimbana. Ngati ndi yoposa 0,5 mm, ndiye kuti chimbale cha kukangana chidzamamatira ku dengu, chifukwa chomwe chiwombankhanga chidzatsogolera. Warping ikhoza kukonzedwa mwamakina, koma ngati kugunda kwa chimbale kuli kwakukulu, kumafunika kusinthidwa;
• chimbale chimbale skew. Mutha kuwunika poyang'ana ma splines a shaft yamagiya; zitha kukhala zokwanira kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a lithiamu okhala ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera kuti malo omwewo "asakakamire" pa shaft;
• pali mafuta m'nyumba zowalamulira. Izi nthawi yomweyo zimawononga mikangano ya disc, kuti izilepheretse kale. Zomwe zimachitika ndimagalimoto omwe ali ndi mileage yayitali, osinthira mosavutikira kwa shaft yolowetsa ndi zisindikizo zamafuta za crankshaft;
• mikangano zowalamulira avale. Kudzakhala kofunikira m'malo mwa disk, ndipo koyambirira kunali kotheka kusintha ma linings ndi ma rivets;
• phokoso ndi kugwedera. Ngati zimachitika pamene cholumikizira chimakanikizidwa, ndiye kuti izi zikuwonetsa kusokonekera kwa akasupe oyenda, omwe amagwira ntchito ngati balancers.

Kumasulidwa kosagwira

Kuzindikira kumasulidwa kwa clutch ndikosavuta: muyenera kukanikiza ngo ndikumvera phokoso laphokoso. Ngati simulabadira kuwonongeka kwa clutch pakapita nthawi, izi zitha kubweretsa kulephera osati kokha kwa clutch package yonse, komanso gearbox. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala milandu pamene zowalamulira zimatuluka, ndipo zidutswa zake zimaboola nyumba yamagiya.

Zolakwa mu zowalamulira mbuye yamphamvu

Kulephera kumachitika kawirikawiri, pamtunda wa makilomita osachepera 150. Nthawi zambiri, bowo lokulitsa limadzaza, lomwe mungayesenso kutsuka nokha. Ali panjira, ndikofunikira kusinthitsa ma cuff, omwe, mafuta akakalowa, amatupa ndipo sali oyenera kugwiritsidwanso ntchito. 

Mutha kuwona GCC ndi wothandizira, pomwe woyamba amasindikiza chopondacho, ndipo wachiwiri amawunika matalikidwe a kuyenda kwa ndodo ya foloko.

Komanso, ndodo yamphamvu imatha kubwerera kumalo ake oyamba kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa chimbale choyendetsedwa chidzawotchedwa. Izi zimachitika galimoto ikangokhala ulesi kwa nthawi yayitali, komanso chifukwa chakusintha kwakanthawi kwamadzimadzi oyimitsa mu clutch hydraulic drive. Nthawi zambiri, zopangira pamutu wa master cylinder zimachepetsedwa mpaka kuti muyenera kupeza gawo latsopano.

Samalani kuchuluka kwa madzi amadzimadzi mumayendedwe amadzimadzi, komanso kuwunikanso mzere ngati muwona kuchepa kwamadzimadzi.

Zowalamulira ngo malfunctions

Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosowa pomwe cholembera choyenera chimafunika kusinthidwa. Kutengera mtundu wanji wamagalimoto omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'dongosolo, muyenera kumvetsera mosamala. Izi zitha kukhala zowononga penti, yomwe mumakanikiza pa ndodo ya GTZ, kapena kuwonongeka kwina kwamakina, komwe nthawi zambiri. akhoza kuthetsedwa ndi kuwotcherera.

Zosokoneza mphamvu

Kugwiritsa ntchito pedal clutch yamagetsi kumafunikira makina amagetsi ndi masensa. Chojambulira chokhazikika chimasinthira mawonekedwe oyatsira ndi kuthamanga kwa injini pamalo abwino momwe kusintha kwamagalimoto kumathandizira munthawi yake komanso momasuka.

Ngati kachipangizo kamene kamasokonezeka, galimoto siigwira ntchito mokwanira: injini ikuyandama, kugwedeza kumachitika pamene magalasi akusuntha. Pali zifukwa zingapo zakulephera kwa sensa:

• dera lotseguka;
• kulephera kwa sensa yokha;
• "kuphunzitsa" kwamagetsi kumafunika.

Zolakwa mu chingwe zowalamulira

Magalimoto ambiri okhala ndi bajeti yokhala ndi zotumiza pamanja amakhala ndi chowongolera chingwe. Ndizosavuta komanso zothandiza, komanso zotsika mtengo kusamalira, chifukwa pali chingwe pakati pa foloko yolumikizira ndi pedal. Nthawi zina kumakhala kofunikira kusintha kulumikizana kwa chingwe ngati cholumikizira "chimagwira" pakati pakapangidwe kake kapena pamwamba. Chingwe chikasweka, chikuyenera kusinthidwa; mukatambasula, mutha kuyesabe kukoka.

Chingwecho chili mchimake cholimba cha pulasitiki ndipo chimasinthidwa ndi nati wapadera.

Zovuta zamagetsi zamagetsi

Kulephera kotere kumaphatikizapo:

• cholakwika chowombera chowongolera cholakwika;
• zowalamulira zimatulutsa mota wamagetsi zatha;
• pali dera lalifupi kapena lotseguka pamagetsi amagetsi;
• ngo zowalamulira ayenera m'malo.

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti muzitha kuzindikira matenda osakanikirana okha, komanso zida zina zogwirizana musanakonze.

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi mungamvetse bwanji kuti mwawotcha clutch? Chopondapo chimakhala chovuta kukanikiza, galimoto imagwedezeka ndikuthamanga, kuyenda kwa pedal kumawonjezeka, kugwedezeka pamene mukusuntha magiya. Pambuyo pagalimoto yayitali, magiya ena amasiya kuyatsa.

Kodi zovuta zazikulu zamakina otulutsa ma clutch ndi drive ndi ziti? Zingwe za diski zoyendetsedwa zatha, diski yoyendetsedwa ndi yopunduka, mafuta ali ndi zomangira, mipata ya diski yoyendetsedwa yatha, akasupe amadzi akusweka, kutulutsa kutulutsa kwatha.

Momwe mungadziwire clutch? Motere imayamba. Bokosi lamanja lakwezedwa. Clutch imatulutsa bwino. Pambuyo pa masekondi pang'ono, zida zosinthira zimayikidwa. Kuvuta kuyatsa ndi chizindikiro cha kusagwira ntchito bwino.