Zizindikiro za kulephera kwa sensor ya Camshaft

Kodi camshaft sensor ndi chiyani?

Kugwira ntchito kwa mphamvu zamagetsi m'magalimoto amakono kumayendetsedwa ndi zamagetsi. ECU (electronic control unit) imapanga ma pulses olamulira potengera kusanthula kwa zizindikiro kuchokera ku masensa ambiri. Zomverera anaika m'malo osiyanasiyana kuti ECU kuwunika boma la injini nthawi iliyonse ndi mwamsanga kukonza magawo ena.

Pakati pa masensa awa ndi camshaft position sensor (DPRV). Chizindikiro chake chimakulolani kuti mugwirizanitse ntchito ya jakisoni wosakaniza woyaka mu masilinda a injini.

M'mainjini ambiri a jakisoni, jakisoni wogawika wotsatizana (phase) wa osakaniza amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ECU imatsegula mphuno iliyonse, kuonetsetsa kuti osakaniza a mpweya amalowa m'masilinda asanayambe kudwala. Phasing, ndiye kuti, kutsata kolondola komanso nthawi yoyenera yotsegulira ma nozzles, imangopereka DPRV, chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri imatchedwa gawo sensa.

Kugwira ntchito bwino kwa dongosolo la jakisoni kumakuthandizani kuti mukwaniritse kuyaka koyenera kwa chisakanizo choyaka, kuwonjezera mphamvu ya injini ndikupewa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta osafunikira.

Chipangizo ndi mitundu ya camshaft udindo masensa

M'magalimoto, mutha kupeza mitundu itatu ya masensa a gawo:

• kutengera zotsatira za Hall;
• kuphunzitsidwa;
• kuwala.

Katswiri wa sayansi ya zakuthambo wa ku America Edwin Hall anapeza mu 1879 kuti ngati kondakitala wolumikizidwa ku gwero lachindunji aikidwa mu mphamvu ya maginito, ndiye kuti kusiyana kosiyana kungabwere mwa woyendetsa uyu.

DPRV, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito chodabwitsachi, nthawi zambiri imatchedwa Hall sensor. Thupi la chipangizocho lili ndi maginito okhazikika, maginito ozungulira ndi microcircuit yokhala ndi chinthu chodziwika bwino. Magetsi operekera amaperekedwa ku chipangizocho (nthawi zambiri 12 V kuchokera ku batri kapena 5 V kuchokera ku stabilizer yosiyana). Chizindikiro chimatengedwa kuchokera ku zotulutsa za amplifier zomwe zili mu microcircuit, zomwe zimaperekedwa ku kompyuta.

Mapangidwe a sensor ya Hall amatha kudulidwa

ndi mapeto

Poyamba, mano a camshaft reference disk amadutsa pagawo la sensa, kachiwiri, kutsogolo kwa nkhope yomaliza.

Malingana ngati mizere ya mphamvu ya maginito sikugwirizana ndi zitsulo za mano, pali magetsi pa chinthu chovuta, ndipo palibe chizindikiro pa kutuluka kwa DPRV. Koma panthawi yomwe benchmark imadutsa mizere ya maginito, mphamvu yamagetsi pa chinthu chovuta kwambiri imasowa, ndipo potulutsa chipangizochi chizindikirocho chimawonjezeka pafupifupi mtengo wamagetsi.

Ndi zida zolowera, disk yoyika nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito, yomwe imakhala ndi mpweya. Pamene kusiyana uku kumadutsa mu mphamvu ya maginito ya sensa, mphamvu yolamulira imapangidwa.

Pamodzi ndi chipangizo chotsiriza, monga lamulo, disk ya mano imagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Diski yowunikira ndi sensa ya gawo imayikidwa m'njira yoti mphamvu yowongolera imatumizidwa ku ECU panthawi yomwe pisitoni ya silinda ya 1 imadutsa pakati pa akufa pamwamba (TDC), ndiye kuti, kumayambiriro kwa zatsopano. unit ntchito kuzungulira. Mu injini za dizilo, mapangidwe a pulses nthawi zambiri amapezeka pa silinda iliyonse padera.

Ndi sensa ya Hall yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri ngati DPRV. Komabe, nthawi zambiri mumatha kupeza sensa yamtundu wa induction, momwe mulinso maginito osatha, ndipo inductor imavulazidwa pachimake cha magnetized. Mphamvu ya maginito yomwe imasintha pakadutsa malo ofotokozerawo imapanga mphamvu zamagetsi mu koyilo.

Pazida zamtundu wa kuwala, optocoupler amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo ma pulses owongolera amapangidwa pamene kugwirizana kwa kuwala pakati pa LED ndi photodiode kumasokonekera pamene mfundozo zadutsa. Optical DPRVs sanapezebe ntchito yotakata pamsika wamagalimoto, ngakhale atha kupezeka mumitundu ina.

Ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe zikuwonetsa kusagwira ntchito kwa DPRV

Sensa ya gawo imapereka njira yabwino yoperekera mafuta osakanikirana ndi mpweya kumasilinda pamodzi ndi crankshaft position sensor (DPKV). Ngati gawo la sensa lisiya kugwira ntchito, gawo lowongolera limayika gawo lamagetsi munjira yadzidzidzi, pomwe jekeseni imachitika pawiri-kufanana kutengera chizindikiro cha DPKV. Pankhaniyi, nozzles awiri kutsegula nthawi yomweyo, mmodzi pa kudya sitiroko, wina pa utsi sitiroko. Ndi njira iyi yogwiritsira ntchito unit, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumawonjezeka kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta mopitilira muyeso ndi chimodzi mwazizindikiro zazikulu za vuto la camshaft sensor.

Kuphatikiza pa kuwonjezereka kwa injini, zizindikiro zina zingasonyezenso mavuto ndi DPRV:

• kusakhazikika, pafupipafupi, kuyendetsa galimoto;
• zovuta kuyambitsa injini, mosasamala kanthu za kutentha kwake;
• kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa injini, monga zikuwonekera ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa chozizira poyerekeza ndi ntchito yabwino;
• chizindikiro cha CHECK ENGINE chimayatsa pa dashboard, ndipo kompyuta yomwe ili pa bolodi imatulutsa nambala yolakwika yofananira.

Chifukwa chiyani DPRV imalephera komanso momwe mungayang'anire

Sensor ya camshaft imatha kusagwira ntchito pazifukwa zingapo.

1. Choyamba, yang'anani chipangizocho ndikuwonetsetsa kuti palibe kuwonongeka kwa makina.
2. Kuwerenga kolakwika kwa DPRV kungayambitsidwe ndi kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa nkhope yomaliza ya sensa ndi disk yokhazikitsa. Chifukwa chake, yang'anani ngati sensayo ikukhala molimba pampando wake ndipo sichimatuluka chifukwa cha bawuti yokhazikika bwino.
3. Mutachotsapo kale cholumikizira ku batire yoyipa, chotsani cholumikizira cha sensa ndikuwona ngati pali dothi kapena madzi mmenemo, ngati zolumikizanazo zili ndi oxidized. Onani kukhulupirika kwa mawaya. Nthawi zina zimavunda pamalo omangirira mpaka zolumikizira, kotero zikokereni pang'ono kuti muwone.
   
   Pambuyo kulumikiza batire ndi kuyatsa poyatsira, onetsetsani kuti pali voteji pa chip pakati pa kukhudzana kwambiri. Kukhalapo kwa magetsi ndikofunikira kwa sensa ya Hall (yokhala ndi chip-pini itatu), koma ngati DPRV ndi yamtundu wa induction (chip-pin-chip), ndiye kuti sichifunikira mphamvu.
4. Mkati mwa chipangizocho, dera lalifupi kapena lotseguka ndilotheka; microcircuit imatha kuyaka mu sensa ya Hall. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri kapena kusakhazikika kwamagetsi.
5. Sensa ya gawo silingagwirenso ntchito chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa disk ya master (reference).

Kuti muwone momwe DPRV ikuyendera, ichotseni pampando wake. Mphamvu iyenera kuperekedwa ku sensa ya Hall (chip chimayikidwa, batire yolumikizidwa, kuyatsa kumayatsidwa). Mufunika multimeter mu DC voteji kuyeza mode pa malire a 30 volts. Chabwino, gwiritsani ntchito oscilloscope.

Ikani ma probe a chipangizo choyezera ndi nsonga zakuthwa (singano) mu cholumikizira polumikiza ku pini 1 (waya wamba) ndi pini 2 (waya wama sign). Meta iyenera kuzindikira mphamvu yamagetsi. Bweretsani chinthu chachitsulo, mwachitsanzo, kumapeto kapena kolowera kwa chipangizocho. Mphamvu yamagetsi iyenera kutsika mpaka pafupifupi ziro.

Momwemonso, mutha kuyang'ana sensor induction, kusintha kwamagetsi komwe kumakhala kosiyana. DPRV yamtundu wa induction sichifuna mphamvu, chifukwa chake imatha kuchotsedwa kuti iyesedwe.

Ngati sensa sichichita mwanjira iliyonse kuyandikira kwa chinthu chachitsulo, ndiye kuti ndi cholakwika ndipo chiyenera kusinthidwa. Sikoyenera kukonza.

Mumitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagalimoto, ma DPRV amitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mapangidwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito, kuwonjezera apo, amatha kupangidwira ma voltages osiyanasiyana. Kuti musalakwitse, gulani sensa yatsopano yokhala ndi zolembera zomwe zili pa chipangizo chomwe chikusinthidwa.

Onaninso

Lonjezani Poyankha