Momwe AFS - Active Steering Systems imagwirira ntchito

Automation, yokhala ndi ma algorithms a mainjiniya ndi oyesa abwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, idadziwa kale kuyendetsa bwino magalimoto kuposa madalaivala awo ambiri. Koma anthu sanakonzekerebe kudalira kwathunthu, zatsopano zikuyambitsidwa pang'onopang'ono, ndikusunga mwayi wowongolera pamanja. Pafupifupi molingana ndi mfundo iyi, dongosolo la AFS yogwira chiwongolero limamangidwa.

Algorithm yogwiritsa ntchito dongosolo

Chofunikira chachikulu cha AFS ndi kuchuluka kwa zida zowongolera. Kukonzekera kudalira kwa parameter iyi pa liwiro, komanso makamaka pazinthu zina zokopa, sizinali zophweka monga momwe zingawonekere kwa akatswiri odzipangira okha. Kuyendetsa kolimba kwamakina kuchokera ku chiwongolero kupita ku mawilo owongolera kunayenera kusungidwa; dziko lamagalimoto silingapitirire posakhalitsa ndikukhazikitsa dongosolo lowongolera ndi mawaya amagetsi. Chifukwa chake, Bosch adapeza chilolezo kuchokera kwa woyambitsa waku America, pambuyo pake, pamodzi ndi BMW, zida zowongolera zidayamba, zomwe zimatchedwa AFS - Active Front Steering. Chifukwa chiyani kwenikweni "Front" - pali machitidwe amtundu wokangalika omwe amaphatikizanso kuzungulira kwa mawilo akumbuyo.

Mfundo yake ndi yosavuta, mofanana ndi nzeru zonse. Chiwongolero chamagetsi chokhazikika chinagwiritsidwa ntchito. Koma zida za pulaneti zidapangidwa mu gawo la shaft yowongolera. Chiŵerengero chake cha gear mumayendedwe osunthika chidzatengera kuthamanga ndi komwe kumazungulira kwa zida zakunja ndi mauna amkati (korona). Mtsinje woyendetsedwa, titero, umagwira kapena kutsalira kumbuyo kwa wotsogolera. Ndipo izi zimayendetsedwa ndi mota yamagetsi, yomwe kudzera pamphako kumbali yakunja ya giya yokhala ndi mphutsi yake imapangitsa kuti izizungulira. Ndi liwiro lokwanira komanso torque.

Makhalidwe atsopano omwe AFS yapeza

Kwa iwo omwe adayenda kumbuyo kwa ma BMW okhala ndi AFS atsopano, zomverera zoyamba zidali ndi mantha. Galimotoyo idachita mosayembekezereka poyendetsa taxi, ndikukakamiza kuyiwala chizolowezi cha "kuzungulira" pa chiwongolero m'njira zoyimitsa komanso kuyendetsa pa liwiro lotsika. Galimotoyo idakonzedwanso mumsewu ngati karati yothamangira, ndipo makhota ang'onoang'ono a chiwongolero, ndikusunga kupepuka, adatikakamiza kuyang'ananso njira zokhotakhota pamalo opapatiza. Mantha oti galimoto yochita zinthu ngati zimenezi sangayende pa liwiro lalikulu anatha msanga. Poyendetsa pa liwiro la 150-200 Km / h, galimoto anapeza kulimba mosayembekezereka ndi kusalala, akugwira boma khola bwino osati kuyesera kuthyola mu kuzembera. Zotsatirazi zitha kuganiziridwa:

• chiwongolero cha gear cha zida zowongolera, zikasinthidwa ndi theka ndi liwiro lowonjezereka, zimaperekedwa kuwongolera kosavuta komanso kotetezeka m'njira zonse;
• m'mikhalidwe yovuta kwambiri, pafupi ndi kutsetsereka, galimotoyo inasonyeza kukhazikika kosayembekezereka, zomwe zinali zoonekeratu kuti sizinali chifukwa cha chiŵerengero cha gear chosinthika cha zida zowongolera;
• chiwongolero nthawi zonse chimasungidwa pamlingo wokwanira bwino, galimotoyo sinafune kudumpha chitsulo chakumbuyo, kapena kugwetsa kutsogolo;
• pang'ono zimatengera luso la dalaivala, thandizo la galimotoyo linali lodziwika bwino;
• ngakhale galimotoyo inali ikugwedezeka mwadala mwadala mwadala ndi woyendetsa bwino, kunali kosavuta kuyendetsamo, ndipo galimotoyo idatulukamo mwamsanga pamene zokhumudwitsazo zinayima, ndipo molondola komanso popanda skid.

Tsopano machitidwe ambiri okhazikika amatha kuchita zofanana, koma chinali chiyambi chabe cha zaka za zana lino, ndipo chiwongolero chokha chinalipo, popanda nthawi yothamanga ndi kukoka.

Chifukwa cha zomwe zotsatira za chiwongolero chogwira zidapangidwa

Chigawo chowongolera zamagetsi chimasonkhanitsa zidziwitso kuchokera ku seti ya masensa omwe amayang'anira chiwongolero, momwe galimoto imayendera, kuthamanga kwa angular ndi magawo ena ambiri. Malinga ndi mawonekedwe okhazikika, sizimangosintha chiŵerengero cha gear, monga momwe zimapangidwira malinga ndi liwiro, koma zimakonza chiwongolero chogwira ntchito, kusokoneza zochita za dalaivala. Ichi ndi sitepe yoyamba yopita ku ulamuliro wodzilamulira.

Pankhaniyi, kugwirizana pakati pa chiwongolero ndi mawilo kumakhalabe kosasintha. Zida zamagetsi zikazimitsidwa, mongopeka kapena chifukwa cha kusokonekera, shaft ya mota yamagetsi yomwe imazungulira makina a pulaneti imayima ndikuyima. Kuwongolera kumasandulika kukhala choyikapo wamba ndi pinion makina okhala ndi amplifier. Palibe chiwongolero ndi waya, ndiko kuti, kuwongolera ndi waya. Zida zakuthambo zokha zokhala ndi zida zowongolera mphete.

Pakuthamanga kwambiri, dongosololi linapangitsa kuti zitheke kukonzanso bwino galimotoyo kuchokera kumsewu kupita kunjira. Zotsatira zomwezo zidazindikirika pang'ono ngati kuwongolera chitsulo cham'mbuyo - mawilo ake amatsata kutsogolo, popanda kukwiyitsa ndi skidding. Izi zidatheka posintha kozungulira kozungulira pa ekisi yoyendetsedwa.

Inde, dongosololi linakhala lovuta kwambiri kuposa chiwongolero chachikhalidwe, koma osati mochuluka. Bokosi la pulaneti ndi galimoto yowonjezera yamagetsi imawonjezera mtengo pang'ono, ndipo ntchito zonse zinaperekedwa ku kompyuta ndi mapulogalamu. Izi zidapangitsa kuti azitha kugwiritsa ntchito dongosolo pamagalimoto onse a BMW, kuyambira woyamba mpaka wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Chigawo cha mechatronics ndi chophatikizika, chimawoneka ngati chiwongolero chamagetsi wamba, chimapatsa dalaivala kumverera komweko kwa galimoto, imapereka mayankho komanso kukhala ozindikira pambuyo pozolowera kusintha kwakuthwa kwa chiwongolero.

Kudalirika kwa dongosololi sikusiyana kwambiri ndi machitidwe achikhalidwe. Pangotsala pang'ono kuvala choyikapo ndi pinion chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwakuchitapo kanthu. Koma ichi ndi mtengo waung'ono kulipira khalidwe latsopano kwathunthu wa galimoto mu akuchitira pa liwiro lililonse.